直接序列扩谱通信中的窄带干扰抑制

对直接序列扩谱信号预处理可以大幅度提高扩谱通信系统抗窄带干扰的能力。近年来对这方面的研究,从线性处理方法到非线性处理方法,到多用户检测方法;从简单自适应,到盲信号处理等,出现了许多好的思路,并一步步改善了扩谱系统抗多种窄带干扰的能力。文章综述了这方面的研究成果,对各种方法进行了分析和评价,重点讨论非线性方法以及码辅助方法,其中,非线性方法讨论的重点是基于隐马尔可夫链的非线性处理方法。     

用Tam-Thies湍流模型研究带小突片的喷管流场特性

 首先,采用标准k-ε模型、可实现（realizable）k-ε模型、重正化群（RNG）k-ε模型和Tam-Thies模型4种湍流模型模拟了不同工况下的两种轴对称喷管和带有4片小突片的喷管流场,并将计算结果与实验值进行对比。结果发现：Tam-Thies模型所得出的模拟结果与实验值符合最好。然后,用Tam-Thies模型模拟了小突片后倾角不同的喷管的流场,和没有小突片的喷管的计算结果对比,发现：带有小突片的喷管的尾喷流的核心区长度变短,喷管出口下游气体的混合加剧;而当小突片后倾角增大时,核心区长度先减小后增大;在每个小突片下游产生一对方向相反、强度相同的流向涡,当小突片后倾角增大时,流向涡强度呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,而喷管的引射系数增益和推力损失系数都逐渐减小。     

Microwave specular scattering response of soil texture at X-band

Soil texture is an important soil parameter that is useful for meteorology, climatology, hydrology, ecology, etc. Therefore, it is important to classify soil based on soil texture (i.e., sand, silt and clay). A lot of studies with radar remote sensing have been carried out to estimate soil moisture and surface roughness, but less attention has been given to study the effect of individual soil texture on radar scattering, especially in specular direction. The main aim of this paper is to check the behavior of specular scattering with change in soil texture. This effect has also been analyzed in presence of soil moisture and surface roughness. Scattering coefficient has been retrieved for various soil texture fields with indigenously designed X-band bistatic scatterometer for a range of incidence angles (from 30° to 70° in steps of 10°) in both like polarizations, i.e., HH-polarization and VV-polarization. Observations were made at 10 GHz frequency. Four different fields were considered on the basis of soil texture variations; especially changes in sand percentage were made. Roughness (smooth soil to 1.4 cm rms surface height) and moisture (dry soil to 0.21 cm³ cm⁻³ volumetric soil moisture) conditions of these fields were varied for observations. Strong change in specular scattering coefficient is observed by changing the sand percentage in soil for HH-polarization, while in case of VV-polarization a lesser change is observed. Also a high change in specular scattering coefficient is noticed once moisture is added to the soil. It is difficult to observe the change in specular scattering coefficient with change in soil texture when surface is considered as rough. Therefore, it is important to minimize the roughness effect while observing the texture with specular scattering. For this purpose, polarization study was carried out to see how polarization can be helpful to minimize the roughness effect. The effect of soil texture on copolarization ratio is critically analyzed, and it is observed that for higher incidence angle (50°), the distinction in soil texture fields are clearly observable on the basis of copolarization ratio. This type of study will be helpful in near future to design the bistatic radar system for soil parameter monitoring, especially for cartwheel satellite system.     

系统工程能力成熟度模型

重点介绍了两类系统工程能力成熟度模型,即美国电子工业协会开发的SECM模型及美国软件工程研究所开发的CMMI-DEV模型的框架和基本内容;此外,还分析了上述两类成熟度模型的缺陷,并探讨了模型改进途径。目的在于介绍系统工程能力成熟度模型的概念及意义,探讨模型的改进方向。     

土壤优先流模型理论与观测技术的研究进展

优先流是土壤中常见的和重要的水流运动和溶质运移形式。由于土壤优先流的形成和影响因素众多、表现形式多样,加之土壤优先流的快速非平衡特征明显以及土壤高度的空间变异性,准确描述和模拟土壤优先流的时空变化特征一直以来都是土壤水文学界的热点问题和难点问题。该文从优先流的定义、表现类型、形成和影响因素、模型理论与观测技术等5个方面综述了土壤优先流的研究进展,指出该领域今后的主要研究方向为建立土壤优先流的统一判别标准、提升优先流模型理论的有效性、发展优先流的专用观测技术设备。文章对深入研究土壤优先流具有参考价值。     

血液对流换热的数值模拟

通过对血管内血液流动及传热过程的理论分析,建立了血液对流换热的数学模型,并采用数值分析的方法,完成了定壁温和定热流两种典型边界条件下血管内血液对流换热的计算。计算结果表明,当屈服数Ｙ一定时,两种边界条件下的Ｎｕ相差约20％。由此得到,尽管血管中血液流动的速度分布相同,但由于壁温沿轴向的变化规律不同,对换热产生了影响。计算结果可用于人体热调节系统数学模型。     

计算机辅助飞机总体方案设计系统设计对象模型与设计过程模型

介绍计算机辅助设计系统的概念及基本要求,以及计算机辅助飞机总体方案设计系统的特点与要求。模型问题是建立系统的首要问题,根据设计理论的概念,建立了设计对象模型及设计过程模型。设计对象模型用于综合所有设计工具;设计过程模型用于描述设计过程与设计活动。通过飞机总体参数选择阶段系统的开发,说明所建立的模型是正确的、有效的。     

基于非隔离型Weinberg变换器的放电调节单元分析与应用

文章以高压、大功率的载人航天器电源控制系统放电调节单元为应用背景,分析了非隔离型Weinberg变换器的拓扑特点、工作模态及小信号模型,对采用稳压环和限流环并联控制的环路进行建模、稳定性分析及验证测试。结果表明,基于非隔离型Weinberg变换器的放电调节单元具有良好的电能转换特性,能满足载人航天器电源新型应用的要求。     

Reliability evaluation of PMS considering coupling effect of functional and physical dependency

Aviation and aerospace system are typical Phased-Mission Systems(PMSs) featured with varying configuration, phased load condition and cross phase failure correlation. The coupling effect of Functional Dependency(FDEP) and Physical Dependency(PDEP) has a unique influence on the failure behavior of PMS. In this article, the coupling effect is analyzed, and the degradation of components is modeled with the positive drift wiener process, in which the drift coefficient is related to environmental con...     

Cyclic Oxidation Behavior of an EB-PVD CoCrAlY Coating Influenced by Substrate/coating Interdiffusion

To reveal the influence of substrate/coating interdiffusion on the cyclic oxidation property of a metallic coating, cyclic oxidation behavior of an EB-PVD CoCrAlY coating on directionally solidified Ni-based superalloy DZ125 at 1 050 oC is investigated. The 40 μm thick CoCrAlY coating has a cyclic oxidation life of around 160 h, and the oxidation constant is 1.915× 10.7 mg4·cm.8·s.1. However, severe spallation of the oxides containing Co, Cr, Ni, Ta and Ti occurs with longer cyclic oxidation. The degradation in oxidation resistance for the coating is related to the depletion of Al due to the oxide spallation and interdiffusion. Severe interdiffusion between the coating and underlying substrate occurs at 1 050 oC. The composition of the substrate has an important effect on the thermal cycling lifetime of the coating. The influencing mechanism is discussed.