等离子电弧加热成形过程中薄板宽度的影响规律

当板厚、板长一定时采用不同宽度的1Cr18Ni9Ti薄板进行等离子电弧弯曲成形的试验,试验发现:随着薄板宽度的增长,薄板弯曲角度增大,当板宽的增大到一定值时,薄板弯曲角度趋于定值。随后在实验基础上,对等离子电弧加热过程中热影响区的弹塑性变形进行合理的简化,建立了薄板弯曲角度随薄板宽度变化的受力模型,该模型的计算结果与实验结果相符。     

Vortex dynamics and entropy generation in separated transitional flow over a compressor blade at various incidence angles

The transition process within a Laminar Separation Bubble（LSB） that formed on a compressor blade surface was investigated using Large Eddy Simulations（LESs） at a Reynolds number of 1.5×10⁵ and incidence angles of 0°,+3°,and+5°.The vortex dynamics in the separated shear layers were compared at various incidence angles and its effects on the loss generation were clarified through entropy analysis.Results showed that transition onset,which was accurately identified by the Linear Stabilit...     

预旋对周向槽处理机匣扩稳能力的影响

以Rotor 67转子为研究对象,通过数值模拟的手段分析了周向槽(CG)提高转子失速裕度(SM)的机理,并在此基础上研究了周向槽处理机匣与转子前预旋的匹配问题。结果表明:在Rotor 67转子中,叶尖泄漏流与激波相互干渉产生的低速区是转子失速的重要原因,而周向槽内气流离开时形成的与泄漏涡(LV)方向相反的涡会抑制泄漏涡的周向发展,是周向槽的扩稳机理之一。通过分析周向槽处理机匣在不同预旋条件下扩稳效果的变化,显示在不同流量点、不同预旋条件下,随着转子叶尖负荷位置的变化,起主要扩稳作用的处理槽不同,并在此原则下,提出了一种周向槽设计的思路。      

基于粒子群优化算法的火箭弹弹道研究

针对制导火箭弹滑翔增程问题,文章提出了以攻角为优化变量的解决方法;基于火箭弹的四自由度模型,结合粒子群优化算法,提出了火箭弹射程优化模型并建立了约束条件。对某制导火箭弹弹道进行优化仿真,所得到的结果表明:通过控制火箭弹攻角的变化规律,能够有效增加火箭弹的射程。因此,文章所提出的攻角控制方法是可行的。     

临近空间高超声速滑翔弹双通道跟踪算法

为了提高临近空间高超声速滑翔目标的跟踪精度,提出了一种双通道并行跟踪算法。首先对比分析了目标的弹道轨迹,目标角度域参数相比位置域参数存在更显著的变化规律,为了在雷达测量直角坐标系下跟踪,采用倾角和方位角代替航迹倾角和航向角,将倾角变化率和方位角变化率描述成零均值正弦自相关随机过程,分别建立了纵向通道和横向通道的角度域模型。然后将目标轨迹分解到纵向观测平面和横向观测平面,通过量测数据预处理、双通道并行滤波、输出状态合并,实现目标的三维跟踪。最后通过仿真实验设置了算法中两个通道的机动模型的参数,分析了过程噪声对跟踪精度的影响,仿真结果表明,与现有的临近空间高超声速目标跟踪算法相比,该算法具有较高的跟踪精度。     

一种十字阵列模型下的新型测向算法

为提高精确制导的实时性,实现空间谱测向,提出了一种新型的正交传播算子算法(propagator method,PM)。该算法基于十字型阵列模型,引入了噪声子空间的投影算子构造伪谱,并采用一维谱峰搜索实现二维测向。与利用二维谱峰搜索测向的二维PM算法相比,该算法大大减少了计算量,降低了计算复杂度,可实现多目标信号测向,解决了二维角度的配对问题,也可有效估计出相同方位角(或仰角)的目标。该算法可广泛应用在雷达测向、导引头测向及跟踪等。     

偏流板对发动机进口温升影响研究

为研究偏流板升起条件下发动机进口温升的变化,采用计算流体动力学的方法,计算了不同的发动机推力状态、偏流板板位角、偏流板与发动机距离对流场和发动机进口温升的影响。结果表明:在偏流板升起时,随着发动机推力状态的升高,发动机进口温升逐渐增大;随着板位角的增大,高温燃气沿甲板向发动机进口方向扩散范围越大,进口温升逐渐增大;在相同发动机推力状态和板位角时,增加偏流板与发动机距离可显著减小发动机进口温升。     

单腔离心喷嘴出口空心涡直径和平均液雾锥角的半理论预测

利用流体控制体法结合质点系动量矩守恒定理,分析了液体的黏性作用对离心喷嘴空心涡尺寸的影响机制,建立了相关理论模型,并给出了喷嘴出口空心涡直径和平均液雾锥角的半理论预测公式.同时,用多组不同工况条件下的实验测量数据对该预测公式进行了验证.结果表明:提出的预测公式计算离心喷嘴出口空心涡直径和平均液雾锥角是有效的,且具有较高的计算精度;空心涡直径的预测不确定度约为±13%,平均液雾锥角的预测不确定度在－20%~6%之间.      

Recent progress in flapping wing aerodynamics and aeroelasticity

Micro air vehicles (MAVs) have the potential to revolutionize our sensing and information gathering capabilities in areas such as environmental monitoring and homeland security. Flapping wings with suitable wing kinematics, wing shapes, and flexible structures can enhance lift as well as thrust by exploiting large-scale vortical flow structures under various conditions. However, the scaling invariance of both fluid dynamics and structural dynamics as the size changes is fundamentally difficult. The focus of this review is to assess the recent progress in flapping wing aerodynamics and aeroelasticity. It is realized that a variation of the Reynolds number (wing sizing, flapping frequency, etc.) leads to a change in the leading edge vortex (LEV) and spanwise flow structures, which impacts the aerodynamic force generation. While in classical stationary wing theory, the tip vortices (TiVs) are seen as wasted energy, in flapping flight, they can interact with the LEV to enhance lift without increasing the power requirements. Surrogate modeling techniques can assess the aerodynamic outcomes between two- and three-dimensional wing. The combined effect of the TiVs, the LEV, and jet can improve the aerodynamics of a flapping wing. Regarding aeroelasticity, chordwise flexibility in the forward flight can substantially adjust the projected area normal to the flight trajectory via shape deformation, hence redistributing thrust and lift. Spanwise flexibility in the forward flight creates shape deformation from the wing root to the wing tip resulting in varied phase shift and effective angle of attack distribution along the wing span. Numerous open issues in flapping wing aerodynamics are highlighted.     

基于气象无人机飞行角度的改进型测风模型

在气象无人机现用测风模型的基础上,重点研究了迎角和航迹倾斜角对测风精度的影响,建立了改进型测风模型.提出了迎角和航迹倾斜角的误差计算方法,并对其进行了仿真分析.结果表明:当迎角|α|≥0.5°,必须对迎角造成的误差进行修正;当航迹倾斜角δ≥2°,必须对航迹倾斜角造成的误差进行修正.