基于耦合动力学要求的旋翼阻尼器特性分析

旋翼阻尼特性是直升机动力学问题的要素之一,根据全机动力学设计要求,进行地面共振和旋翼/动力/传动扭振系统稳定性分析,并据此提出旋翼系统阻尼特性参数设计要求.分析了粘弹性阻尼器和液压阻尼器的特点,研究了阻尼器刚度和阻尼对全机耦合动力学的影响;通过比较不同孔径节流孔的阻尼特性,确定了阻尼器设计方案.计算分析结果以及阻尼器样件的性能试验和机上试验验证结果表明:阻尼特性能够满足地面共振和旋翼/动力/传动扭振系统稳定性要求,并可实现其用于桨叶折叠的功能要求.      

干摩擦阻尼对旋翼动稳定性的影响研究

为了提高旋翼动稳定性理论模型的分析精度,需要精确地确定旋翼系统的结构阻尼系数。为此建立了旋翼变距拉杆球头关节干摩擦的阻尼模型,计入了球头关节的离心力对干摩擦阻尼的影响,然后用模型旋翼试验数据对稳定性分析结果进行了验证。结果表明,采用文中建立的干摩擦阻尼模型,预估的旋翼摆振后退型模态阻尼与试验数据吻合。     

铝/ZN-1阻尼材料复合结构件的粘接技术研究

探讨了胶黏剂黏度、硬铝表面处理方式及硅烷偶联剂KH-560的使用方式等因素对硬铝板/ZN-1阻尼材料复合结构件的粘接性能的影响。研究表明：如果硬铝板表面采用砂纸打磨处理时，采用黏度较低的TC-1环氧树脂胶或者在黏度较高的J-22环氧树脂胶中添加2％的硅烷偶联剂KH-560可以获得优异的粘接效果；当硬铝板表面采用铬酸阳极化处理时，两种胶黏剂均能获得优异的粘接效果。     

阻尼材料在飞机炮振减振上的应用

阻尼材料在飞机结构上的应用是一个新课题。在飞机炮舱区应用新型阻尼材料,组成一个全新的阻尼结构系统来吸收由航炮射击时产生的冲击能量,以实现减振的设计目的,进而改善其炮击的振动环境。通过理论计算和地面试验实测,证明了应用新型阻尼材料可使炮舱区的动应力下降近30％。     

Flutter analysis of an airfoil with nonlinear damping using equivalent linearization

The equivalent linearization method （ELM） is modified to investigate the nonlinear flut- ter system of an airfoil with a cubic damping. After obtaining the linearization quantity of the cubic nonlinearity by the ELM, an equivalent system can be deduced and then investigated by linear flut- ter analysis methods. Different from the routine procedures of the ELM, the frequency rather than the amplitude of limit cycle oscillation （LCO） is chosen as an active increment to produce bifurca- tion charts. Numerical examples show that this modification makes the ELM much more efficient. Meanwhile, the LCOs obtained by the ELM are in good agreement with numerical solutions. The nonlinear damping can delay the occurrence of secondary bifurcation. On the other hand, it has marginal influence on bifurcation characteristics or LCOs.     

基于起落架参数设计的某直升机地面共振及参数影响分析

建立了某直升机地面共振分析力学模型,计算了起落架在桨毂中心处的等效刚度和阻尼,针对某直升机进行了地面共振分析,同时分析了摆振铰外伸量、质量静距、桨毂中心有效刚度等对地面共振的影响,为避免地面共振及参数改进提供依据。     

Rotordynamic characteristics prediction for scallop damper seals using computational fluid dynamics

Enhancing damping characteristic is one of the effective methods to solve the instability problem of the rotor system. The three-dimensional numerical analysis model of scallop damper seal was established, and the effects of inlet pressures, preswirl ratios, rotational speeds, interlaced angles and seal cavity depths on the rotordynamic characteristics of scallop damper seal were studied based on dynamic mesh method and multi-frequencies elliptic whirling model. Results show that the direct stiffness of the scallop damper seal increases with decreasing inlet pressure and increasing rotational speed and cavity depth. When the seal cavity is interlaced by a certain angle, which shows positive direct stiffness. The effective damping of the scallop damper seal increases with the increasing inlet pressure, the decreasing preswirl ratio and the rotational speed and cavity depth. There exists an optimal interlaced angle to maximize the effective damping and the system stability. The leakage of the scallop damper seal is significantly reduced with decreasing inlet pressure. The preswirl will reduce the leakage flowrate, and the rotational speed has a slight effect on the leakage performance. The leakage of the scallop damper seal decreases with increasing seal cavity depth.     

插装式液控能源选择阀的设计与分析

针对液压系统油源的安全性及可靠性问题,提出油源冗余设计方法,即多油源供给多负载,当某一油源发生故障时能源选择阀切断故障油源,由其他油源给负载提供基本液压能源,系统能完成必须的服役性能。针对液压系统能源选择阀存在的频繁换向与振动问题,提出一种插装式液控能源选择阀,其先导阀采用锥阀和可变阻尼形式,主阀采用三台肩且终端有缓冲功能的滑阀。建立了插装式液控能源选择阀的数学模型,分析了能源选择阀在两种模拟故障下的切换压力及切换时间、油源压力脉动等特性。理论分析结果表明,油源压力阶跃和线性变化时,某能源选择阀切换时间分别为5 ms和7 ms。当压力发生波动时,主阀不会发生振动,还可通过液控先导阀结构设计来控制切换压力和回复压力大小。     

Stability analysis of an aeroelastic system with friction

In this paper, harmonic balance method, exact formulation and numerical simulation method are adopted to study the effects of different friction stiffness on the stability of 1.5 degrees of freedom aeroelastic system. On this basis, the expressions of input energy and dissipated energy are deduced, and the energy method is used to reveal the mechanisms of the stable boundary and unstable boundary existing in the system and the effects of different friction stiffness on the stability of the system. Studies have shown that the stability region and the critical aerodynamic damping ratio of the system rise with the increase of the friction stiffness, while the friction stiffness has little effect on the stability boundary. In the analysis of the stability of system, the results of harmonic balance method, exact formulation and Newmark of numerical simulation method are in good agreement. Compared with exact formulation and numerical simulation method, the concept and conclusion of harmonic balance method are simple in the system stability analysis.     

反转轴间气膜密封动特性分析

用有限元法计算了双端面期末密封两端面的气膜刚度和阻尼,分析了密封跑道质量和主密封环质量对气膜刚度和阻尼的影响,并对瞬态扰动力作用下前密封跑道和主密封环的振动过程进行了讨论.结果表明:膜厚对气膜刚度和阻尼影响较大,在膜厚小于5μm下尤为明显;系统的自由振动频率主要由前密封跑道质量决定,主密封环质量对自由振动频率影响较小;同一密封跑道质量对应的不同环道质量比对系统振动的收敛时间影响不大.