带颗粒减振剂的碰撞阻尼的理论与实验

以两颗粒弹塑性碰撞耗能模型为基础,建立了带颗粒夹击的两球碰撞模型,在此基础上提出了带颗粒减振剂的碰撞阻尼的计算模型,模拟了在带颗粒减振剂的碰撞阻尼作用下的悬臂梁的减振性能.同时对悬臂梁在带颗粒减振剂的碰撞阻尼作用下的减振效果进行实验研究,理论计算结果与实验结果在振动周期、转折点、振幅及共振点迁移等方面均相吻合,验证了提出的模型.得到了以下结论:①带颗粒减振剂的碰撞阻尼的计算模型是可靠的;②带颗粒减振剂的碰撞阻尼具有优秀的减振性能,远远超过单体碰撞阻尼;③带颗粒减振剂的碰撞阻尼对于减小负阻尼的不利影响具有一定的帮助.      

涡轮泵环形颗粒阻尼器设计

设计了一种用于液体火箭发动机涡轮泵减振的环形颗粒阻尼器。为研究颗粒阻尼器的减振性能,基于有限元法建立了附加颗粒阻尼器以及不加颗粒阻尼器的涡轮泵模型,计算过程中采用结构阻尼系数来描述颗粒阻尼器的阻尼特性。仿真结果表明．颗粒阻尼器能够显著降低涡轮泵的振动,并且对涡轮泵的动态特性影响很小。     

索穹顶结构的气动阻尼识别

索穹顶是一种具有很强风振敏感性的大跨柔性结构,风振问题在设计中应予以高度重视,这其中气动阻尼有至关重要的影响,而如何有效地识别气动阻尼则是问题的关键.利用肋环型索穹顶结构气弹模型风洞实验的数据,先由经验模态分解法提取信号的低频分量,并在此基础上采用改进的随机减量法及Hilbert变换得到结构的气动阻尼,结果证明该方法是稳定而有效的.最后在计算分析的基础上总结了索穹顶结构中气动阻尼随风速及风向角的变化规律.     

航天用碳纳米管增强铝合金复合材料的力学与阻尼性能

碳纳米管(CNT)作为增强体的铝基复合材料(CNT/Al)具有轻质、高强、高模量、易加工的性能优势,用作轻量化材料在航天航空领域具有巨大的应用前景。为了获得兼顾其力学性能和阻尼性能的轻量化结构材料,采用叠片粉末冶金与合金化方法制备了质量分数为1.5% CNT/2A12复合材料,并研究了不同时效条件下的力学性能与阻尼性能。在130 ℃时效6~14 h时,复合材料具有最佳的拉伸强度与延伸率,抗拉强度最高可达595 MPa(时效12 h),延伸率最高可达14.0%(时效8 h)。复合材料的阻尼在0~180 ℃时变化不大,其在0.005左右,180~300 ℃时明显提高,300 ℃时可达0.05,阻尼性能受时效时间影响不大。复合材料的储存模量随测试温度升高而下降,在180~300 ℃时随振动频率升高而升高。时效条件为130 ℃-8 h时,质量分数1.5% CNT/2A12复合材料性能兼具良好的力学性能与阻尼性能。     

Rotordynamic characteristics prediction for scallop damper seals using computational fluid dynamics

Enhancing damping characteristic is one of the effective methods to solve the instability problem of the rotor system. The three-dimensional numerical analysis model of scallop damper seal was established, and the effects of inlet pressures, preswirl ratios, rotational speeds, interlaced angles and seal cavity depths on the rotordynamic characteristics of scallop damper seal were studied based on dynamic mesh method and multi-frequencies elliptic whirling model. Results show that the direct stiffness of the scallop damper seal increases with decreasing inlet pressure and increasing rotational speed and cavity depth. When the seal cavity is interlaced by a certain angle, which shows positive direct stiffness. The effective damping of the scallop damper seal increases with the increasing inlet pressure, the decreasing preswirl ratio and the rotational speed and cavity depth. There exists an optimal interlaced angle to maximize the effective damping and the system stability. The leakage of the scallop damper seal is significantly reduced with decreasing inlet pressure. The preswirl will reduce the leakage flowrate, and the rotational speed has a slight effect on the leakage performance. The leakage of the scallop damper seal decreases with increasing seal cavity depth.     

Nonlinear modal electromechanical coupling factor for piezoelectric structures containing nonlinearities

Within the linear framework, the Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (MEMCF) is an important indicator to quantify the dynamic conversion of mechanical energy and electrical energy of piezoelectric structures. It is also an important tool to guide the piezoelectric damping design of linear structures. Advanced aircraft often fly in maneuvers, and the variable working conditions induce drastic changes in the load level on structures. Geometric and contact nonlinearities of thin-walled structures and joint structures are often activated. To achieve a good vibration reduction effect covering all working conditions, one cannot directly use linear electromechanical coupling theory to instruct the piezoelectric damping design for nonlinear structures. Therefore, this paper defines the Nonlinear Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (NMEMCF) and proposes the corresponding numerical method for the first time to quantitatively evaluate the electromechanical coupling capability of nonlinear piezoelectric structures. Three candidate definitions of the NMEMCF are given, including two frequency definitions and one energy definition. The energy definition is the most promising one. It is not only applicable to both conservative and dissipative nonlinear structures but also compatible with the linear MEMCF. In addition, based on the energy formula, the NMEMCF can be obtained by only performing one nonlinear modal analysis in the open-circuit state. The analytical findings and the numerical tool are validated against two piezoelectric structures with different types of nonlinearities. A strong correlation among the NMEMCF, geometric parameters, and energy dissipation is observed. The results confirm that the proposed NMEMCF captures the physics of the electromechanical coupling phenomenon associated with nonlinear piezoelectric structures and can be used as an essential design indicator of piezoelectric damping, especially for variable working conditions.     

Mechanism of interconnected synchronized switch damping for vibration control of blades

The Synchronized Switch Damping (SSD) is regarded as a promising alternative to mitigate the vibration of thin-walled structures in aero-engines, especially for blades or bladed disks. The common manner is to shunt the switch circuit independently to a single piezoelectric structure. This paper is aimed at exploring a novel way of using the SSD, i.e., the SSD is interconnected between two piezoelectric structures or substructures. The damping mechanism, performance, and effective range of the interconnected SSD are studied numerically and experimentally. First, based on a dual cantilever beam finite element model, the time domain and frequency domain modeling and solving methods of the interconnected SSD are deduced and validated. Then, the influence of the amplitude and phase relationship on the damping effect of the interconnected SSD is numerically studied and compared with the shunted SSD. A self-sensing SSD control board is developed, and experimental studies are carried out. The results show that the interconnected SSD establishes an additional energy channel between the corresponding piezoelectric structures. When the amplitudes of the two cantilever beams are different, the interconnected SSD balances the vibration level of each beam. When the amplitudes of the two cantilever beams are the same, if the appropriate interconnection manner is selected according to the phase, the resonance peak can be reduced by more than 30%. When the vibration is in-phase/out-of-phase, the damping generated by the interconnected SSD in a cross/parallel manner is even more significant than the shunted SSD. Furthermore, this novel connection scheme reduces the number of SSD circuits in half. Finally, for engineering applications, we implement the proposed damping technology to the finite element model of a typical dummy bladed disk. A piezoelectric damping ratio of 13.7% is achieved when the amount of piezo material is only 10% of blade mass. Compared with traditional friction dampers, the major advancements of the interconnected SSD are: (A) it can reduce the vibration level of blades without friction interface; (B) the space constraint is overcome, i.e., the vibration energy is not necessarily dissipated independently in one sector or through physically adjacent blades, and instead, the dissipation and transfer of vibrational energy can be realized between any blade pair. If a specific gating circuit is adopted to adjust the interconnection manner of the SSD, vibration mitigation under variable working conditions with different engine orders will be expected; (C) designers do not need to worry about the annoying nonlinearities related to working conditions anymore.     

太极二号卫星精密热控关键技术及试验验证

针对引力波探测太极二号卫星提出的高稳定度温控需求，开展了高分辨率测温系统和高稳定度热控技术的研究，提出了多级阻尼的热控设计方法，建立了多级阻尼状态空间数学模型，揭示了系统中热量传递特性。该方法在太极二号核心载荷上进行了地面试验验证，试验结果表明核心舱关键仪器的温度满足指标要求。试验结果的噪声分析，不仅验证了精密热控关键技术，而且提出了关于热噪声分析与抑制的新方法，为后续航天器精密热控技术提供了理论分析方法和工程参考依据。     

Guided wave propagation analysis in stiffened panel using time-domain spectral finite element method

Stiffened panels have been widely utilized in fuselages and wings as critical load-bearing components. These structures are prone to be damaged under long-term and extreme loads, and their health monitoring has been a common concern. The guided wave-based monitoring method is regarded as an efficient approach to detect the damage in stiffened plates because of its wide monitoring range and high sensitivity to micro-damage. Efficient simulation of wave propagation can theoretically demonstrate the detection mechanism of the method. In this study, a Time-Domain Spectral Finite Element Method (TD-SFEM) is adopted to study the wavefield in stiffened plates, where continuous Absorbing Layers with Increasing Damping (ALID) strategy is proposed to circumvent the disturbance of reflected waves on boundaries. After the convergence analysis, the developed TD-SFEM with ALID is validated by the finite element method first. Then, wave scattering and the influence of the stiffener are investigated in detail by comparing the results with the non-stiffened structure. Finally, the effects of the parameters of the stiffener, such as the height and width, on wave propagation are studied, respectively. The results illustrate that the proposed TD-SFEM with ALID is an efficient approach to study the wave propagation in the stiffened plate and can reveal the mechanism of influence of the stiffener. It is found that the height of the stiffener changes the interference of wavefield in the plate, while the effects of the width are mainly in wave scattering and mode conversion.     

QD128燃气轮机动力涡轮防振设计

分析了可能引起QD12 8燃气轮机动力涡轮振动超限的各种因素 ,着重阐述了设计中采用的各项相应的防振措施 ,简要介绍了整机试车时动力涡轮的振动情况