TA15钛合金薄板等离子弧对接焊缝疲劳特性研究

为了探索钛合金等离子弧焊接头的疲劳性能,本文依据TA15标准试件和轧制板材试件疲劳试验数据处理结果,采用当量应力集中系数法,在TA15薄板等离子弧焊和对接焊缝磨削组合工艺试件的疲劳试验基础上,确定了中值当量应力集中系数和安全当量应力集中系数,最后建立了该TA15薄板的S-N曲线,给出了应用结论。     

空间大型星载抛物面天线研究进展

抛物面天线作为星载天线的重要组成部分,在深空探测、移动通信、国防事业、气象监测等方面均具有广泛应用,近年来随着上述学科的快速发展,抛物面天线的研究也越来越受到人们的重视。针对空间大型星载抛物面天线的发展与需求,首先系统地概括了国外星载抛物球面天线的发展现状,综述了刚性、网状以及充气式星载抛物球面天线,对各类星载抛物球面天线的结构、性能进行了较为详细的描述和分析,对国内在该领域的部分研究成果进行了简述。然后梳理了星载抛物柱面天线的发展,对国内外具有代表性的抛物柱面天线进行了介绍,对抛物球面天线和抛物柱面天线进行了参数对比与分析。接下来对近年来针对星载抛物面天线的相关技术进行了介绍。最后对星载抛物面天线的发展趋势做了简要分析与预测。     

磨粒建模方法与切削过程仿真研究

针对砂轮表面上磨粒形状不规则、尺寸不确定的几何特征,研究了模拟实际磨粒的几何建模方法。采用随机空间平面切分正六面体的方法构建了具有实际磨粒几何特征的不规则多面体结构磨粒。基于LS-DYNA软件,采用流固耦合有限元法模拟了不规则多面体结构磨粒的切削过程。分析切削过程中工件材料的应力分布规律与切削变形规律,得出结论:工件材料的加工应力主要集中在与磨粒切削刃及棱角接触的区域;切屑沿磨粒挤压前面向上流动,并于挤压面法向方向上流出;磨粒挤压前角的增大有利于切屑的形成。利用陶瓷立方氮化硼(CBN)砂块进行了磨粒划擦试验,试验结果证实了磨粒切削仿真结果的准确性。     

环形热管砂轮强化磨削弧区换热研究

磨削过程中,在超过临界值的高磨削热流密度下,即使有再多的磨削液进入弧区也无济于事,因为磨削液既已处于成膜沸腾状态,由于工件表面所覆盖的汽膜层的阻挡,磨削液很难真正起到换热作用,如不及时采取相应的措施,工件必定很快发生烧伤。本文结合热工领域的换热技术,提出一种基于热管技术强化磨削弧区换热的全新构想,并在此基础上研制了新型的环型热管砂轮,以大幅提高弧区临界热流密度。最后,分别使用环形热管砂轮和普通砂轮进行磨削测温试验,验证了环形热管砂轮高速疏导磨削热,降低磨削温度,从而提高材料去除率的巨大潜力。     

Investigation on induction brazing of profiled cBN wheel for grinding of Ti-6Al-4V

Profiled monolayer cBN wheel was induction brazed for grinding of titanium dovetail slot in this study. Aimed at acquiring a uniform temperature distribution along the profiled surface and reducing the thermal deformation of the brazed wheel, a finite element model was established to investigate the temperature uniformity during induction brazing. A suitable induction coil and the related working parameters were designed and chosen based on the simulation results. Ag-Cu-Ti alloy and cBN grains were applied in the induction brazing experiment. The results showed geometric deformation of the brazed wheel was no more than 0.01 mm and chemical reaction layer were found on the brazed joint interface. Further validation tests were carried out by grinding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Compared to the electroplated wheel, the brazed wheel showed better performance such as low specific grinding energy and good ground quality in grinding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Abrasion wear was found to be the main failure mode for the induction brazed wheel, while adhesion and grains pull-out were the main failure mode for the electroplated wheel.     

Effect of creep feed grinding on surface integrity and fatigue life of Ni3Al based superalloy IC10

Ni₃Al-based superalloy IC10 is widely used in high temperature components of aero-engines because of its superior mechanical properties. In this paper, the creep feed grinding properties of IC10 were investigated experimentally. The effects of grinding parameters on the grinding forces and temperature were examined. Moreover, the influences of surface roughness and hardening on the high-cycle fatigue life of IC10 specimens were studied. To control the creep feed grinding parameters and enhance the fatigue life of IC10 components, the experimental results were summarized to offer a useful reference point. It is concluded that, the grinding depth is the most important factor which influencing the grinding forces and temperature; the surface roughness is the main and unfavorable factor on the fatigue life of IC10, while the surface hardening has a positive influence on the fatigue life; to obtain a better surface quality and improve the fatigue life of IC 10, the recommended grinding parameter domain involves wheel speed ∈ [15, 20] m/s, feed rate ∈ [150, 200] mm/min, and grinding depth ∈ [0.4, 0.5] mm.     

V形兜孔圆柱滚子轴承的高速动态性能

保持架打滑和动态不稳定是航空发动机主轴圆柱滚子轴承面临的难题,为此提出一种V形兜孔圆柱滚子轴承,并对其保持架打滑及稳定性展开研究。运用Hertz接触、弹流和流体润滑及牛顿-欧拉动力学理论,建立径向刚性加载下轴承的动力学模型,在此基础上,利用变步距龙格库塔数值积分法进行动力学数值仿真,探讨了V形兜孔的几何参数对保持架打滑及稳定性的影响,分析了兜孔优化后在不同转速下保持架的打滑特性、稳定性及兜孔/滚子碰撞特性,结果表明,V形兜孔的几何参数对保持架打滑及稳定性的影响显著,在30 000~60 000 r/min的转速范围内,优化轴承保持架的打滑率明显低于普通轴承,涡动半径明显小于普通轴承,滚子对兜孔局部碰撞的力幅值和频率也明显小于普通轴承。     

Interference and grinding characteristics in ultra-precision grinding of thin-walled complex structural component using a ball-end grinding wheel

As for ultra-precision grinding of difficult-to-process thin-walled complex components with ball-end grinding wheels, interference is easy to occur. According to screw theory and grinding kinematics, a mathematical model is established to investigate the interference and grinding characteristics of the ball-end wheel. The relationship between grinding wheel inclination angle, C axis rotation angle, grinding position angle and grinding wheel wear are analyzed. As the grinding wheel inclination angle increases, the C axis rotatable range decreases and the grinding position angle increases. The grinding position angle and wheel radius wear show a negative correlation with the C axis rotation angle. Therefore, a trajectory planning criteria for increasing grinding speed as much as possible under the premise of avoiding interference is proposed to design the grinding trajectory. Then grinding point distribution on the ball-end wheel is calculated, and the grinding characteristics, grinding speed and maximum undeformed chip thickness, are investigated. Finally, a complex structural component can be ground without interference, and surface roughness and profile accuracy are improved to 40.2 nm and 0.399 μm, compared with 556 nm and 3.427 μm before ultra-precision grinding. The mathematical model can provide theoretical guidance for the analysis of interference and grinding characteristics in complex components grinding to improve its grinding quality.     

基于超梁降阶模型的蒙皮加筋圆柱壳频率分析

在基于梁平截面假设的复杂结构动力模型降阶方法基础上,文章提出了建立梁超单元和超梁降阶模型的方法。通过对比考虑剪切变形的Timoshenko梁单元刚度阵,给出了梁超单元刚度矩阵的修正方法,提高了超梁降阶模型的计算精度。以蒙皮加筋圆柱壳为例,对比了超梁降阶模型与几种等效梁模型的频率分析结果。结果表明,超梁降阶模型建立方法灵活简单,具有较高的计算精度,能够为火箭结构动特性分析提供参考。     

Experimental study on impact of roller imbalance on cage stability

This study presents a method for measuring the imbalance in a small-sized cylindrical roller. The roller imbalance was calibrated on the built static-pressure-air flotation measurement machine. The impact of the roller imbalance on the dynamic characteristics of a cage were then studied on the aero-bearing test rig. The displacement spectrums with different roller imbalance of the obtained cage orbits under various bearing speed and radial load were used to evaluate the cage stability. The results show that the cage cannot form a stable operating state at a lower bearing speed with or without the unbalanced rollers. The cage with balanced rollers gradually develops stable motion with the increase of the bearing speed. The existence of a small roller imbalance causes the stability of the cage to deteriorate. With an increase in the bearing speed and radial load, the cage with the unbalanced rollers runs unsteadily accompanied by a high-frequency vibration when the roller imbalance is large enough. The vibration amplitude of the cage in the horizontal direction is greater than that in the vertical direction during an unstable operation, which is similar in the stable status.