危险部位数目对轮盘低循环疲劳寿命的影响研究

航空发动机轮盘低循环疲劳危险部位一般是多个,而且具有相同的温度和应力水平。本文参考国外相关资料,系统地推导并给出了考虑多危险部位数目对疲劳寿命影响的修正公式,并给出了两个工程应用实例。结果表明,本文给出的疲劳寿命修正公式简单、实用,可以明显地提高疲劳寿命预测精度。     

并联TBCC可调进气道并联方案

对并联涡轮基组合循环(TBCC)可调进气道并联方案进行了归纳分析,提出了一种分类方法和两种并联方案。对4种典型并联方案在马赫数为2.5的模态转换工况进行了稳态仿真分析。结果表明:后开纯内并联方案在模态转换过程中总流量变化很小,其余3种的总流量系数随着涡轮通道的关闭都是逐渐减小的,涡轮通道流量系数逐渐降低,冲压通道升高。4种方案冲压通道流量系数在模态转换过程中均是逐渐升高的,后开纯内并联方案具有最低的冲压通道平均流量系数,变化幅度最大,其余3种方案变化幅度均较小。前开纯外并联和混合式内并联两种方案的涡轮通道出口总压恢复在模态转换过程中呈减小趋势,另外两种方案的总压恢复呈略微增大趋势,其中前开纯外并联平均总压恢复最低,而混合式内并联方案的平均总压恢复最高。      

基于3维数值仿真的变循环压缩系统部件匹配分析

为了研究变循环压缩系统中各部件之间的匹配关系以及在整机调节时的表现,采用3维数值仿真软件对变循环发动机 的风扇、核心机驱动风扇级（CDFS）、高压压气机和外涵道开展联合数值仿真,并对比数值计算与试验结果的差异。针对单、双涵 工作模式,开展内、外涵出口节流特性计算,分析了内、外涵出口压力调节导致的各部件匹配关系的变化,获得了涵道比的变化范 围以及极限调节状态下的各部件表现出的流动特征,确定了制约整个压缩系统喘振裕度的关键部件。结果表明：在双涵模式下, 外涵节流导致风扇匹配点明显提高,首先到达喘振边界;在单涵模式下,外涵节流导致风扇和CDFS匹配点同时提高,几乎同时到 达喘振边界;在单、双涵模式下,内涵节流均使高压压气机首先到达喘振边界。仿真得到的外涵道损失与试验偏差在4%以内。     

细长三角翼摇滚运动数值研究

采用亚迭代耦合求解流体动力学方程和刚体动力学方程数值研究方法,建立流体与刚体运动耦合的无时间滞后的数值手段来分析研究飞行器非定常的耦合运动特征,预测失稳运动的发生与发展。研究表明:在流动结构失稳后机体运动逐步形成极限环振荡的周期性自维持运动,滚转力矩系数滞回曲线呈现典型的”双8”稳定形态,前缘涡的非对称飘起与再附是典型三角翼摇滚的驱动形式;三角翼构型的自由滚振幅随攻角变化呈现阶跃式的变化;自激振荡的幅度及频率与滚动惯量的大小存在对应的规律性关系。非定常自激振动的翼摇滚具有多控制参数、非稳定、非线性的运动特征。     

计及储能寿命的风储电站分层优化控制策略

为了有效地平抑风电场的功率波动,提高风电场的并网特性,增强风电场并网运行的经济性和可靠性,提出了一种计及储能寿命的风储电站分层优化控制策略。首先,从经济学角度分析储能系统的充放电特性,考虑不同控制方式对储能系统寿命的影响;其次,采用分层-分区控制方式对风储电站进行协调控制,上层根据电网调度需求,考虑分时电价政策对集中式储能和整个风电场级进行协调功率控制,下层考虑区域内分布式储能和多台风电机组间的协调功率控制;最后,采用改进遗传算法对分层优化控制模型求解。结果表明:所提出的基于储能寿命损耗的风储电站优化控制方法实现了风储电站中储能系统及风机出力的合理分配,在延长储能寿命的同时提高了电网对风电的消纳能力,使得整个风电场运行经济性显著提高。     

Ascent guidance law for a horizontal take-off vehicle with a multi-combined cycle engine

This paper researches the ascent guidance law for the vehicle with a multi-combined cycle propulsion. The guidance law comprises two parts, namely, the off-line optimal trajectories generation and online guidance. With respect to the off-line part, disturbances are discretized and incorporated into the trajectory optimization problem; subsequently, a set of trajectories is calculated to constitute a database. To quickly obtain a database that comprises a large number of trajectories, a novel ascent profile is proposed with respect to height and velocity. Based on this profile, only inequity constraints exist in the optimization model, and the original optimization problem is converted to a parameter searching problem. The optimal trajectories are calculated using a hybrid optimization method that comprises a particle swarm optimization (PSO) method and the Hooke-Jeeves (HJ) method. With respect to online guidance, the profile is updated using a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) based on the current flight states and the database. Simulation validates the efficiency of the proposed optimization method by comparing the method with the pseudospectral method; the robustness of the guidance law is also validated using Monte Carlo simulation.     

Comparative study of foF2 measurements with IRI-2007 model predictions during extended solar minimum

The unusually deep and extended solar minimum of cycle 23/24 made it very difficult to predict the solar indices 1 or 2 years into the future. Most of the predictions were proven wrong by the actual observed indices. IRI gets its solar, magnetic, and ionospheric indices from an indices file that is updated twice a year. In recent years, due to the unusual solar minimum, predictions had to be corrected downward with every new indices update. In this paper we analyse how much the uncertainties in the predictability of solar activity indices affect the IRI outcome and how the IRI values calculated with predicted and observed indices compared to the actual measurements. Monthly median values of F2 layer critical frequency (foF2) derived from the ionosonde measurements at the mid-latitude ionospheric station Juliusruh were compared with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI-2007) model predictions. The analysis found that IRI provides reliable results that compare well with actual measurements, when the definite (observed and adjusted) indices of solar activity are used, while IRI values based on earlier predictions of these indices noticeably overestimated the measurements during the solar minimum. One of the principal objectives of this paper is to direct attention of IRI users to update their solar activity indices files regularly. Use of an older index file can lead to serious IRI overestimations of F-region electron density during the recent extended solar minimum.     

Accuracy of IRI profiles of ionospheric density and temperatures derived from comparisons to Kharkov incoherent scatter radar measurements

The incoherent scatter radar (ISR) facility in Kharkov, Ukraine (49.6°N, 36.3°E) measures vertical profiles of electron density, electron and ion temperature, and ion composition of the ionospheric plasma up to 1100 km altitude. Acquired measurements constitute an accurate ionospheric reference dataset for validation of the variety of models and alternative measurement techniques. We describe preliminary results of comparing the Kharkov ISR profiles to the international reference ionosphere (IRI), an empirical model recognized for its reliable representation of the monthly-median climatology of the density and temperature profiles during quiet-time conditions, with certain extensions to the storm times. We limited our comparison to only quiet geomagnetic conditions during the autumnal equinoxes of 2007 and 2008. Overall, we observe good qualitative agreement between model and data both in time and with altitude. Magnitude-wise, the measured and modeled electron density and plasma temperatures profiles appear different. We discovered that representation accuracy improves significantly when IRI is driven by observed-averaged values of the solar activity index rather than their predictions. This result motivated us to study IRI performance throughout protracted solar minimum of the 24th cycle. The paper summarizes our observations and recommendations for optimal use of the IRI.     

Test sequencing problem arising at the design stage for reducing life cycle cost

Previous test sequencing algorithms only consider the execution cost of a test at the application stage. Due to the fact that the placement cost of some tests at the design stage is considerably high compared with the execution cost, the sequential diagnosis strategy obtained by previous methods is actually not optimal from the view of life cycle. In this paper, the test sequencing problem based on life cycle cost is presented. It is formulated as an optimization problem, which is non-deterministic polynomial-time hard (NP-hard). An algorithm and a strategy to improve its computational efficiency are proposed. The formulation and algorithms are tested on various simulated systems and comparisons are made with the extant test sequencing methods. Application on a pump rotational speed control (PRSC) system of a spacecraft is studied in detail. Both the simulation results and the real-world case application results suggest that the solution proposed in this paper can significantly reduce the life cycle cost of a sequential fault diagnosis strategy.