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481.
Sachiko Yano Haruo Kasahara Daisuke Masuda Fumiaki Tanigaki Toru Shimazu Hiromi Suzuki Ichirou Karahara Kouichi Soga Takayuki Hoson Ichiro Tayama Yoshikazu Tsuchiya Seiichiro Kamisaka 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
In 2004, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency developed the engineered model of the Plant Experiment Unit and the Cell Biology Experiment Facility. The Plant Experiment Unit was designed to be installed in the Cell Biology Experiment Facility and to support the seed-to-seed life cycle experiment of Arabidopsis plants in space in the project named Space Seed. Ground-based experiments to test the Plant Experiment Unit showed that the unit needed further improvement of a system to control the water content of a seedbed using an infrared moisture analyzer and that it was difficult to keep the relative humidity inside the Plant Experiment Unit between 70 and 80% because the Cell Biology Experiment Facility had neither a ventilation system nor a dehumidifying system. Therefore, excess moisture inside the Cell Biology Experiment Facility was removed with desiccant bags containing calcium chloride. Eight flight models of the Plant Experiment Unit in which dry Arabidopsis seeds were fixed to the seedbed with gum arabic were launched to the International Space Station in the space shuttle STS-128 (17A) on August 28, 2009. Plant Experiment Unit were installed in the Cell Biology Experiment Facility with desiccant boxes, and then the Space Seed experiment was started in the Japanese Experiment Module, named Kibo, which was part of the International Space Station, on September 10, 2009 by watering the seedbed and terminated 2 months later on November 11, 2009. On April 19, 2010, the Arabidopsis plants harvested in Kibo were retrieved and brought back to Earth by the space shuttle mission STS-131 (19A). The present paper describes the Space Seed experiment with particular reference to the development of the Plant Experiment Unit and its actual performance in Kibo onboard the International Space Station. Downlinked images from Kibo showed that the seeds had started germinating 3 days after the initial watering. The plants continued growing, producing rosette leaves, inflorescence stems, flowers, and fruits in the Plant Experiment Unit. In addition, the senescence of rosette leaves was found to be delayed in microgravity. 相似文献
482.
483.
K. Labitzke 《Space Science Reviews》2006,125(1-4):247-260
We have shown in several recent publications that it is necessary to group the meteorological data according to the phase
of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) throughout the year, in order to find a clear signal of the 11-year sunspot cycle (SSC). This work is summarized here. It is the purpose of this
paper (1) to update earlier results of the solar cycle – QBO relationship for the northern winter, (2) to stress the interaction
between the hemispheres and (3) to summarize the influence of the QBO on the solar variability signal, as well as the influence
of the solar variability signal on the QBO throughout the year. For this, the constructed annual mean of the solar cycle – QBO relationship is introduced. 相似文献
484.
Keith T. Strong Julia L.R. Saba 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
We describe a novel approach for determining the timing of the solar cycle and tracking its evolution relative to other cycles. This method also has predictive capability for forecasting the cycle “onset.” Based on current trends, we expect that Cycle 23 will be about 1 year longer than the previous two cycles. 相似文献
485.
486.
机载吊舱电动逆升压式空气循环制冷系统研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
机载制冷系统可为电子设备提供制冷.由于机载吊舱的特点,机载吊舱制冷系统的结构和工作原理与传统机载制冷系统差别很大.介绍了现有机载吊舱空气循环制冷系统的不同方案,针对其制冷量偏低、无地面制冷能力等不足,提出了2?kW等级高速电机驱动的逆升压式空气循环制冷方案,详细阐述了其设计思想、工作原理和组件结构设计方法,并进行了制冷性能及性能代偿损失计算.结果表明,这种新型系统结构紧凑,耗电量小,工作可靠,可提高制冷性能.该系统受飞机飞行状态影响小,可提供地面冷却能力,是一种较有应用前景的机载吊舱环境控制系统. 相似文献
487.
涵道比调节对核心机驱动风扇级与高压压气机匹配性能影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据某核心机驱动风扇级与高压压气机匹配气动布局的特点,建立了匹配状态点关联预估简化方程并发展了匹配性能预估程序。基于两个压缩部件性能试验数据,进行了典型匹配状态涵道比预估及特点分析,研究了等转速下涵道比调节对两个压缩部件工作状态点变化规律以及匹配性能影响。结果表明:(1)涵道比设置不合理将会导致压缩部件发生旋转失速或喘振现象,从而影响两者的匹配工作;(2)随着涵道比增大,核心机驱动风扇级工况点逐渐从近喘点向堵塞点方向偏移,而高压压气机的工况点变化趋势正好相反。核心机驱动风扇级的流量变化范围比高压压气机的窄,这使得匹配总压比-流量特性线更加陡峭;(3)存在最佳匹配涵道比使稳定工作裕度和近失速边界匹配总压比达到最大,并且此时的匹配峰值总效率接近最大匹配峰值总效率;(4)随着匹配转速的提高,典型匹配涵道比呈现逐渐减小趋势,外涵流量在85%换算转速时达到最大,因此在进行外涵流道设计需全面考虑压气机的工作特性。 相似文献
488.
NAEV图为3—自中心图的充分必要条件及计算机判定 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
许光汉 《北京航空航天大学学报》1989,(1):79-86
本文证明了一个非邻接离心点(NAEV)图G是3-自中心图,当且仅当G是一个块并且G的每个顶点都有长度为6的最长局部测地圈。本文还给出判定一个图是否为自中心图的算法,以及求出3-NAEV自中心图每个顶点的长度6的局部测地圈算法。 相似文献
489.
为了研究变循环发动机风扇部件在模式转换过程中的气动性能及流场变化规律,在风扇三维数值仿真模型的外涵道出口采用节流阀模型给定出口特征边界,代替模式选择阀门形成了风扇高/低阶混合计算模型,计算过程中通过调节节流阀系数模拟模式选择阀门的开闭过程。在模式选择阀门单独作用时,对风扇部件、中介机匣和分流环在模式转换过程中的气动性能和流场变化进行了准稳态分析,得到了以下结论:在模式转换过程阀门关闭的前半段(阀门开度大于0.4),第二级处于堵塞状态,此时第二级转子槽道正激波位于转子流道内部,并在阀门关闭过程中不断向前移动,第一级在此阶段流场及工作点几乎不发生变化;当第二级转子的槽道正激波被推至叶片前缘附近,第二级退出堵塞后,第一级转子流道内槽道激波开始移动,第一级气动性能才开始发生明显变化;在模式选择阀门从开到闭的过程中,分流环前缘气流攻角增大,内涵道上壁面附面层增厚造成内涵道进口流动出现径向畸变。 相似文献
490.