新型刚玉砂轮磨削GH4169镍基高温合金的性能评价研究

镍基高温合金是航空发动机部件的常用材料,其磨削加工存在工具损耗严重、寿命短等难题.针对3种新研制的刚玉砂轮(分别为粒度60#的微晶和单晶混合磨料砂轮、粒度60#的单晶刚玉砂轮,以及粒度70#的单晶刚玉砂轮),开展了GH4169镍基高温合金材料的磨削试验,从磨削力、磨削温度、砂轮磨损以及表面粗糙度等方面对3种砂轮的磨削性...     

磁流变弹性体砂轮抛光镍基高温合金表面完整性研究

为了改善磨削后镍基高温合金GH4169的表面完整性,本文采用磁流变弹性体砂轮对镍基高温合金GH4169进行抛光试验研究。首先,通过模压成型的方法制备了磁流变弹性体砂轮,并对其表面微观形貌及不同磁场强度下的硬度进行了表征。其次将制备出的磁流变弹性体砂轮用于对镍基高温合金GH4169的抛光工艺试验中,并讨论抛光工艺参数中磁场强度对镍基高温合金表面完整性的影响。试验结果表明：在一定的磁场强度范围内,零件抛光后的表面粗糙度和显微硬度随着磁场强度的增大而减小,同时增大磁场强度也有利于改善零件的表面形貌,减少砂轮的磨损量,降低零件磨削后的亚表面损伤层厚度。     

带有两个飞轮的欠驱动航天器姿态稳定控制研究

在系统总角动量不为零的前提下,仅带两个飞轮的航天器无法实现本体系相对于惯性系三轴姿态角为零的稳定控制,而已实现的角速度稳定控制和自旋稳定控制也无法满足姿态控制任务的多样化需求。于是在系统总角动量不为零时,首次提出存在最大程度姿态稳定形式为航天器本体三轴角速度稳定,同时固连于航天器的某一特定视线轴指向任意给定惯性方向。利用一种新的姿态描述形式推导出了角速度为零时航天器的目标姿态,然后基于线性化后的系统设计了线性二次型最优控制器。数值仿真表明利用此控制器能实现所提出的姿态稳定形式,这对于无须实现本体系相对惯性系三轴姿态角为零,而只需对固连于本体的天线或相机进行惯性空间定向控制的航天器将完全满足其姿态控制要求,同时也能提高欠驱动航天器的可靠性。     

基于动量轮的航天器全姿态捕获技术

全姿态捕获是指航天器丢失姿态基准而需恢复正常姿态或者定向新姿态目标时的一种控制过程.以往卫星全姿态捕获控制过程一般采用喷气推进系统或磁力矩器作为执行机构,这些方法需要消耗燃料或捕获时间长.提出了一种基于动量轮的全姿态捕获方法,采用的部件为卫星的常规配置,可以实现对任意目标的定向,该方法克服了以往方法的缺陷,在轨验证结果表明该方法有效、工程可操作性强.     

刹车材料扇形片包边工艺的研究

对刹车材料扇形片包边工艺中最重要的收口工艺展开了研究.结果表明采用不用整形器的烧结工艺,生产效率成培增加.     

小卫星动量轮非线性特性建模与仿真方法

动量轮是三轴稳定卫星姿态控制的关键执行部件。由于小卫星本身的转动惯量较小，微弱的干扰力矩有可能导致整个卫星控制系统性能下降。因此，建立一个基于动量轮实际物理特性的理论仿真模型对小卫星姿态控制系统设计至关重要。本文提出了一种多输入多输出非线性建模方法，并给出了基于SIMULINK的动量轮物理特性仿真模型。该模型可以同时输出动量轮所有特征参数的实时值。最后，通过开环和闭环控制数值仿真，对模型进行了验证。数值实验结果与实际物理部件的测试结果一致。本方法可以为小卫星姿控系统的仿真提供一个有效的、精确的、可以直接应用的部件级模型。     

波音737自驾脱开后驾驶盘偏转现象浅析

通过两起航线实例．结合波音公司技术支援部门的意见，分析了在近进着陆阶段自驾脱开后驾驶盘偏转的原因，供飞行人员和维护人员参考，以避免此类不安全事件的发生。     

基于ANSYS的襟缝翼滚轮接触应力场分析

结合滚轮的实际使用环境和载荷,建立了滚轮与圆盘的有限元模型,对滚轮接触应力场进行了分析,从而弥补了赫兹接触理论的局限性,有效地确定了试验载荷,以指导开展模拟试验。     

旋流杯套筒混合段长度对点火特性的影响

为研究旋流杯套筒过长的混合段长度对燃烧室点火特性的影响,设计了两种不同的套筒混合段长度试验件,在常温常压条件下,采用单头部模型燃烧室进行了起动点火性能试验,同时采用马尔文进行了燃油雾化颗粒度测量,并结合Fluent软件的数值模拟对结果进行分析.研究结果表明:套筒混合段长度对燃烧室头部流场和油雾分布有很大影响,过长的套筒混合段长度将造成液雾与套筒壁碰撞,限制旋转射流和液滴的径向运动,造成喷雾锥角减小了32%,贫油起动点火油气比增加了20%左右.      

Jitter reduction of a reaction wheel by management of angular momentum using magnetic torquers in nano- and micro-satellites

Nowadays, nano- and micro-satellites, which are smaller than conventional large satellites, provide access to space to many satellite developers, and they are attracting interest as an application of space development because development is possible over shorter time period at a lower cost. In most of these nano- and micro-satellite missions, the satellites generally must meet strict attitude requirements for obtaining scientific data under strict constraints of power consumption, space, and weight. In many satellite missions, the jitter of a reaction wheel degrades the performance of the mission detectors and attitude sensors; therefore, jitter should be controlled or isolated to reduce its effect on sensor devices. In conventional standard-sized satellites, tip-tilt mirrors (TTMs) and isolators are used for controlling or isolating the vibrations from reaction wheels; however, it is difficult to use these devices for nano- and micro-satellite missions under the strict power, space, and mass constraints. In this research, the jitter of reaction wheels is reduced by using accurate sensors, small reaction wheels, and slow rotation frequency reaction wheel instead of TTMs and isolators. The objective of a reaction wheel in many satellite missions is the management of the satellite’s angular momentum, which increases because of attitude disturbances. If the magnitude of the disturbance is reduced in orbit or on the ground, the magnitude of the angular momentum that the reaction wheels gain from attitude disturbances in orbit becomes smaller; therefore, satellites can stabilize their attitude using only smaller reaction wheels or slow rotation speed, which cause relatively smaller vibration. In nano- and micro-satellite missions, the dominant attitude disturbance is a magnetic torque, which can be cancelled by using magnetic actuators. With the magnetic compensation, the satellite reduces the angular momentum that the reaction wheels gain, and therefore, satellites do not require large reaction wheels and higher rotation speed, which cause jitter. As a result, the satellite can reduce the effect of jitter without using conventional isolators and TTMs. Hence, the satellites can achieve precise attitude control under low power, space, and mass constraints using this proposed method. Through the example of an astronomical observation mission using nano- and micro-satellites, it is demonstrated that the jitter reduction using small reaction wheels is feasible in nano- and micro-satellites.