冲压发动机导弹爬升轨迹与推力调节规律优化

针对以冲压发动机为动力的导弹爬升问题,建立了飞行轨迹和推力规律一体化优化设计模型。采用基于三次样条的直接离散方法,将弹道优化问题转化为参数优化问题,选取兼顾全局搜索能力和局部搜索精度的粒子群-变尺度法(PSO-BFGS)串联混合算法求解最省燃料爬升弹道,得到了"先减速再加速"爬升方案。相比传统的采用最大推力规律、仅优化爬升轨迹的爬升方案,一体化设计能充分发挥冲压发动机的推力调节能力,使导弹以较小的平均飞行速度完成爬升过程,可以显著节省燃耗,提高导弹的性能。     

NURBS曲面上的曲线精确表达

给出一种用显式方程精确表示NURBS曲面上曲线的方法,利用该方法NURBS曲面上曲线仍然用NURBS形式来表示,此外,可用显式公式来计算该曲线的控制顶点、权因子和节点矢量.基本思想是:运用代数基本定理避免通常B样条基函数复合所采用的极形式(Polar form)以及非常烦琐复杂的开花(Blossom)运算,把B样条基函数的复合、乘积运算转化为求解线性方程组.通过实例验证了该方法的有效性,可用于CAD/CAM领域中的曲面求交、剪裁以及数控加工刀轨生成等.     

B样条曲面自适应拟合算法

针对复杂曲面物体在虚拟环境中的再现问题,依据复杂曲面上提取的已知数据点, 快速反算曲面的控制顶点;由控制顶点、节点矢量确定一条B样条曲面,即真实物体的拟合 曲面.由于提取的数据点存在噪声和摆动,拟合曲面与已知曲面会产生偏差.通过误差判定 条件找到偏差点,根据偏差点、偏差方向及偏差距离计算出曲面更真实的控制顶点;然后重 置相应的控制顶点,达到自动修复拟合曲面的目的.算法在CAD(Computer Aided Design)/C AM(Computer Aided Manufacture)/VR(Virtual Reality)等工程实践中,能够满足对三维物 体造型的不同精度要求.      

Experimental and numerical simulation of bird-strike performance of lattice-material-infilled curved plate

The anti-bird-strike performance of a lattice-material-infilled curved plate is investigated herein. Since automatically filling the curved structure by classical lattice material filling methods will cause a large number of manufacturing defects, a space-dependent lattice material filling method for the curved plate is firstly proposed in this paper Next, using a face-centered cubic lattice, a lattice-material-infilled test piece with a hollow ratio of 40.8% is built. The test pieces are manufactured via additive manufacturing using titanium alloy. In bird-strike experimental tests, the test pieces are crashed against gelatin birds at an impact velocity of 200 m/s. Dynamic strain gauges are used to record the crash history and the results are discussed. Furthermore, a numerical analysis to simulate the bird-strike experiment is performed. The results from the experimental tests and numerical simulation agree well. This work shows that the lattice-material-infilled curved plate yields promising bird-strike resistance. Therefore, lattice-infilled materials are feasible for protecting aerospace components against bird-strike as well as for reducing the component weight.     

一个新的状态方程用于CFCs类替代物的研究

提出一个新的立方型状态方程。用该方程对新工质R134a与一些工质混合组成的混合工质进行具体的汽液平衡和热力性质计算。     

基于B样条模型的参数化卡尔曼滤波器设计

以标准B样条函数为基础,建立了以位置、样条系数为状态变量的参数化卡尔曼滤波器,用于解决外测数据的实时滤波问题。按照时间更新跨节点与否,分2种情况给出了状态转移方程。在时间更新跨样条节点时,使用样条函数的一阶连续导数条件,估计新增样条节点系数,由此实现滤波器在跨节点处的平滑过渡。通过仿真数据对新方法进行验证,并与已有的2类典型滤波方法进行比较,结果表明,本方法的滤波精度与另一类直接基于弹道信号表示的样条递推滤波方法精度相当,且可表现出更优的收敛性。新方法具有样条参数化模型的相同优点,可对时域信号全时段建模,可利用先验信息设计弹道优选节点而实现滤波性能优化,缺点在于状态更新的策略较为复杂。     

Evaluation of simulation-based training for aircraft carrier marshalling with learning cubic and Kirkpatrick’s models

Simulation-based training is a promising way to train a carrier flight deck crew because of the complex and dangerous working environment. Quantitative evaluation of simulation-based training quality is vital to make simulation-based training practical for aircraft carrier marshalling.This paper develops a personal computer-based aircraft carrier marshalling simulation system and a cave automatic virtual environment(CAVE)-based immersive environment. In order to compare the training effectiveness of simulation-based training and paper-based training, a learning cubic model is proposed and a contrast experiment is carried out as well. The experimental data is analyzed based on a simplified Kirkpatrick’s model. The results show that simulation-based training is better than paper-based training by 26.80% after three rounds of testing, which prove the effectiveness of simulation-based aircraft carrier marshalling training.     

有理B样条曲线的形状修改方法

本文修正了均匀B样条曲线的定义,引入了左极限的概念来处理B样条函数在重节点处左连续阶降低的情况,通过补充适当的附加方程解决了重节点引起的插值方程的降秩问题。     

具有公共三次曲线的NURBS曲面片G2光滑拼接算法

非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)曲线、曲面造型理论是当前最先进的几何造型方法之一，大量基于NURBS的实用造型系统得到发展。对NURBS而言，虽然具有参数连续性，但为了实用需要，仍需构造具有一定光滑程度的合成曲面，满足局部设计和修改的目的。在作给出的具有公共三次曲线的NURBS曲面片G^1光滑拼接算法基础上，给出了具有公共三次曲线的NURBS曲面片G^2光滑拼接条件，得到了相应控制顶点、权系数的具体算法；对于一个已知NURBS曲面，构造另一个NURBS曲面，使其达到G^2拼接是简单易行的。     

航空发动机叶片损伤自动测量方法研究

基于内窥镜的视觉检测技术在现代航空发动机故障诊断中发挥着重要的作用。针对航空发动机叶片的典型损伤,提出了一种基于三次样条插值的自动测量方法。对损伤叶片进行图像预处理并提取叶片轮廓,利用三次样条函数进行插值计算,通过对一次导数和二次导数的分析得到损伤尺寸。结合故障诊断方法,开发了航空发动机智能诊断专家系统。通过实验对比,证明了方法的有效性和正确性。