The Solar Quiet Chromosphere—Corona Transition Region

The chromosphere-corona transition region of the Sun enjoys both simplicities of character and complexities of character which result from its very thin geometrical extent. The simplicities derive from the reasonably clear view of the energy balance (both observationally and theoretically), while the complexities derive from both the proximity of the not-so-clearly viewed regions below and above, and the almost certain convolutions and perhaps discontinuities in the three dimensional geometry of the transition sheet. While observational resolution and spectral information has improved greatly in recent years, the problems associated with a single vantage point, the Earth and its environs, have not gone away. To understand the transition region we must resolve structures radially and temporally as well as in the plane of the sky. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

强迫扰动下的射流撞击雾化特性

为全面把握撞击式喷嘴的工作特性，进一步认识雾化在燃烧不稳定中所起的作用，采用试验结合数值模拟的方法开展了强迫扰动条件下撞击式喷嘴的非稳态雾化特性研究。试验方面，采用水力扰动装置产生喷前压力扰动，由脉动压力传感器记录喷前的脉动压力，由高速摄影对动态的喷雾场进行背光拍摄。数值模拟则是基于开源程序Gerris开展，通过给定周期性变化的速度入口来模拟前端压力扰动下的撞击雾化过程。首先验证了建立的数值模拟方案处理非稳态雾化的有效性，其次将自然雾化与强迫扰动雾化进行对比，分析了强迫扰动条件下的撞击雾化特性，最后研究了扰动频率与扰动幅值对于撞击雾化的影响。结果表明：强迫扰动下的射流撞击喷雾场出现了弓形液滴群局部聚集的现象，并且在时间上表现出周期性特征，雾化频率与强迫扰动的频率一致。在研究的频率范围（1 257~3 563 Hz）内，撞击式喷嘴的雾化对扰动都有响应。扰动频率主要影响相邻弓形液滴群之间的间距以及雾场与扰动压力之间的相位关系，扰动幅值则主要影响雾化Klystron效应的强度。随着扰动幅值的增大，液膜的破碎长度减小，撞击点下游的流量特性由线性向非线性转变，由正弦波形转变为陡峭前缘波形。     

机载适航标准DO-178B/C软件开发过程研究

介绍了DO-178B/C标准的发展历程,结合对DO-178B/C标准机载软件生命周期过程的研究,分析了机载软件开发过程需求、设计、编码和集成子过程的关系及输入输出数据,在分析机载软件需求、设计、编码及集成子过程的目标、活动和转换准则的基础上,给出了各子过程的过程模型.展望了DO-178B/C标准的未来研究方向.     

Mechanism of stall and surge in a centrifugal compressor with a variable vaned diffuser

To expand the stable operating range of compressors, understanding the mechanism of flow instability at low flow rates is necessary. In this paper, the mechanism of stall and surge in a centrifugal compressor with a variable vaned diffuser is experimentally investigated, where the diffuser blade setting angle can be adjusted. Many dynamic pressure transducers are mounted on the casing surface of the compressor. From the design condition to surge, dynamic pressure data is recorded throughout the gradual process. According to the signal developing status, the typical modes of compressor instability are defined in detail, such as stall, mild surge, and deep surge. A relatively high-frequency stall wave originates in the impeller and propagates to the diffuser, and finally stimulates a deep surge in the compressor. The compressor behavior during surge differs at different diffuser vane angles. When the diffuser vane angle is adjusted, both the unstable form and the core factor affecting the overall machine stability change. A specific indicator is proposed to measure the instability of each component in a compressor, which can be used to determine the best region for stability extension technologies, such as a holed casing treatment, in different compressor applications.     

The effect of the longitudinal propagating waves on the electron acceleration in the reconnecting current sheet

Based upon the most efficient electron acceleration near the midplane of 3D non-neutral driven reconnecting current sheet (RCS) and the electrostatic wave excitation by the drift Maxwellian distribution of electrons in Vlasov simulation, we assume that the electrostatic waves mainly propagate opposite to the reconnecting electric field and investigated how these waves affect the electron acceleration. The main results are: (1) when the electron’s velocity equals to the phase speed of the waves, they will be trapped and have the different accelerating characteristics from the untrapped electrons through solving the momentum equations of electrons analytically; (2) the test particle simulations further prove that the number of the energetic electrons decreases with the increasing intensity of unstable waves, and the distribution of the energetic electrons takes on the double power-law.     

用弱非线性理论研究二次稳定性问题

本文把研究三波共振的弱非线性理论应用于平板边界层和平面Poiseuille流三维扰动的二次稳定性问题。其数值结果与文献[1]、[2]用Floquet形式的二次稳定性理论得出的结论是一致的。     

放宽静稳定性在空空导弹总体设计中的应用

将主动控制技术引入空空导弹总体设计中，研究了空空导弹放宽静稳定性设计问题，讨论了放宽静稳定性设计对导弹性能的改善，最后给出了静不稳定弹体的系统稳定性判定条件，并着重讨论了静不稳定弹体的人工稳定问题，研究结果对于新一代先进空空导弹的总体设计工作有一定的参考价值。     

新一代因特网协议IPv6的研究与分析

阐述了从IPv4向IPv6升级的原因及IPv6新的特点。给出了IPv6的地址模型、已分配地址、IPv6分组格式 ,讨论了从IPv4向IPv6过渡的四种方法。     

二维平行剪切层声波产生和辐射的数值模拟

 在二维线化Euler 方程的基础上解决了第3 届计算气动声学专题讨论会的第5 类标准问题: 二维平行剪切层声波的产生和辐射。频散相关保持有限差分格式用于空间离散, 低频散低耗散的龙格库塔法用于时间积分。重点使用了远场无反射边界条件。计算结果与NASA GLENN 研究中心的解析解符合得很好。     

低雷诺数翼型和跨声速翼型边界层计算

本文利用边界层动量积分方程和平均流动能积分方程兼容计算了翼面的层流和湍流边界层流动。文中采用一种e~9型转捩判别公式预测翼面存在层流分离气泡情况的转捩位置。并引入对剪应力系数C_r的滞后方程以体现湍流中雷诺应力的历程效应。为避免在翼面流动分离时边界层方程的奇异,采用反解法计算。算例表明,计算与测量结果吻合良好。