Comparing ionospheric models with mid-latitude ionosonde observations

The purpose of this research work is to validate the ionospheric models (IRI and CHIU) to assess its suitability and usefulness as an operational tool. The ionospheric model is a computer model designed to predict the state of the global ionosphere for 24 h. The scope was limited to conduct comparisons between the predicted F₂ layer critical frequencies (f₀F₂) against observed ionosonde data. The ionospheric prediction model (IPM) was designed to predict by using monthly median sunspot number, while the observation data are taken from two digital ionospheric sounding stations (Okinawa, 26.28N, 127.8E and Wakkanai, 45.38N, 141.66E) which lies within the mid-latitude region of the globe. Analysis of the f₀F₂ data from stations for year (2001) with high solar activity and year (2004) with low solar activity, four months (March, June, September and December) chosen based primarily on data availability. From results it seen that the ratio between monthly median predicted and observed f₀F₂ values for each model used in this research work and for the chosen months was nonlinear with local time, so the empirical formula for applying correction factors were determined, these formula can be used to correct the error occurred in predicted f₀F₂ value.     

湿滑道面飞机轮胎临界滑水速度计算方法比较

以美国国家航空航天局(NASA)临界滑水速度计算公式为基础,基于耦合欧拉-拉格朗日(CEL)算法建立动流场冲击原地转动轮胎分析模型,并由NASA公式及试验数据验证了模型的正确性及NASA公式在重轴载高胎压范围的适用性。进而考虑实际道面积水状态,建立滚动轮胎冲击静流场模型,探讨实际积水状态对临界滑水速度的影响。通过两类模型对比分析得出:两类模型的轮胎-水膜相互作用机理不同,相同速度和胎压下,后者在轮胎前缘形成的动水压强峰值明显高于前者,表明滚动轮胎冲击静流场模型中轮胎受到动水压强抬升作用更为显著,且相同速度条件下,滚动轮胎冲击静流场分析模型计算的竖向支撑力和临界滑水速度始终低于动流场冲击滚动轮胎的结果,表明该模型计算结果偏于安全,更适用于飞机高速滑行中轮胎-水膜相互作用分析。据此,提出了基于道面积水状态的临界滑水速度计算公式。     

Comprehensive optimization design of aerodynamic and electromagnetic scattering characteristics of serpentine nozzle

Comprehensive optimization design of serpentine nozzle with trapezoidal outlet was studied to improve its aerodynamic and electromagnetic scattering performance. Serpentine nozzles with different center offsets and different ratios of the bases of the trapezoidal outlet were generated based on curvature control regulation. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations have been conducted to obtain the flow field in the nozzle, and Forward-Backward Iterative Physical Optics (FBIPO) method was applied to study the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the nozzle. Guarantee Convergence Particle Swarm Optimization (GCPSO) algorithm based on Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network was used to optimize the geometry of the nozzle in consideration of its aerodynamic and electromagnetic scattering characteristics. The results show that the GCPSO method based on RBF can be used to optimize the aerodynamic characteristics of the internal flow and the scattering characteristics of the cavity of the serpentine nozzle with irregular outlet. The optimized model has a higher center offset and a lower ratio of the bases of the trapezoidal outlet after optimization compared to the original model. The optimized model leads to a slight change in aerodynamic performance, with a total pressure recovery coefficient increase of 0.31% and a discharge coefficient increase of 0.41%. In addition, the Radar Cross Section (RCS) decreases also by around 83.33% and the overall performance is significantly improved, with a decrease of the optimized objective function by around 38.74%.     

工程构件疲劳寿命估算的三维临界域法

临界域法将缺口附近区域中某点、线或面上的应力特征值作为材料失效的判断条件,能较合理地解释缺口效应现象,因此被认为是一类具有工程应用前景的缺口件疲劳寿命估算方法。本文首先结合三维工程结构的实际特点,详细阐述了适用于三维结构的应力场强法和临界距离法,对其中若干参数进行了准确定义和描述。然后,本文分别使用这两种方法和名义应力法对某型航空发动机轮盘进行了疲劳寿命估算。结果表明,本文给出的适用于三维结构的应力场强法、临界距离法能很好地预测航空发动机轮盘的疲劳寿命;而且相比于名义应力法,预测效果更好。     

临近空间高超声速飞行器RCS特性研究

首次系统地对升力体外形临近空间飞行器雷达散射截面（RCS）特性开展了研究,主要研究内容包括本体及绕流RCS特性研究,亚密湍流尾迹RCS特性研究和层流尾迹的RCS特性研究等。结果显示：等离子体绕流将降低飞行器后向RCS;亚密湍流尾迹对低频段RCS影响明显,对高频段影响不明显。另外,双站雷达对临近空间高超声速飞行器也会有较好的探测效果。     

支承总刚度对涡轮泵转子临界转速及稳定性旳影响

针对低温液体火箭发动机涡轮泵转子非线性系统开展了支承总刚度对临界转速及系统稳定性的影响研究.建立了涡轮泵转子非线性系统的动力学模型,在有安装偏心条件下分别研究了泵端和涡轮端支承总刚度变化对转子系统临界转速和稳定性的影响,给出了失稳转速随支承总刚度的变化规律,为液体火箭发动机涡轮泵转子系统结构设计、诊断与维护提供理论依据.     

基于关键事件的系统级单点故障识别方法及应用

系统级单点故障严重影响航天器任务的成败。为全面识别系统级单点故障模式,文章提出了基于时域空域分析、故障树分析（FTA）和故障模式影响分析（FMEA）相结合的关键事件系统级单点故障识别方法,并在交会对接任务中得到了应用。通过对识别的单点故障模式相关设备采取在轨补偿措施或过程控制措施,降低了任务风险,保证了交会对接任务的成功。该故障识别方法具有一定工程应用价值。     

网壳结构稳定性分析的改进随机缺陷法智能控制

以作者前期研究的网壳结构缺陷稳定分析的改进随机缺陷法为基础,将异常值检验、临界荷载分布规律检验、设计临界荷载的取值等与随机缺陷稳定计算程序相结合,并增加智能控制模块,实时监察临界荷载分布规律及其统计参数的变化。当计算样本容量已能够恒定反映临界荷载的分布规律时即可停止整个缺陷稳定分析过程,从而使随机缺陷稳定性分析的计算工作量尽量小。计算结果表明,程序智能控制的样本数能够恒定反映临界荷载的分布规律。改进随机缺陷法智能控制程序的开发不但节约了网壳结构随机缺陷稳定分析的样本数和计算时间,而且为计算样本数的选取提供了依据,从而可针对不同分析对象确定需要的最小样本数。     

立式超速试验台轴系动力特性分析

对立式超速试验台轴系简化模型进行动力特性分析,确定影响轴系临界角速度和进动角速度的因素包括:旋转件及其工装组件的极转动惯量与直径转动惯量之比、旋转件及工装组件的质量和悬臂长度,其中旋转件及其工装组件的极转动惯量与直径转动惯量之比为关键因素.当转动惯量之比大于或等于1时,试验台轴系只存在一阶临界角速度;当转动惯量之比小于1时,试验台轴系存在一、二阶临界角速度.当转动惯量之比接近或等于1时,升速过程中轴系自转角速度与二阶正进动角速度非常接近,系统处于不稳定状态.对转动惯量之比分别大于1、接近于1和小于1的3个不同叶轮进行超速试验,试验数据与理论分析相符.最后,提出进行超速试验工装设计时应避免旋转件及其工装组件的极转动惯量与直径转动惯量之比接近1;且当二者之比小于1时,还应对系统的二阶临界角速度进行校核,避免试验目标角速度与二阶临界角速度相接近.     

UC-EBG在微带阵列天线 RCS减缩中的应用

针对微带阵列天线的带内雷达散射截面问题,提出了一种在天线表面加载共面紧凑型光子晶体结构（UC‐EBG）,通过散射对消,实现天线雷达散射截面（RCS）减缩的方法。分析了在不同参数下UC‐EBG结构同向反射相位带隙随频率的变化情况。仿真结果表明：加载U C‐EBG结构后,阵列天线各个阵元的回波损耗基本保持不变,天线的增益有所增加,同时天线带内RCS最大减缩达到18dB。证实了U C‐EBG可以应用于阵列天线的带内隐身。