基于狄氏先验分布的固体火箭发动机可靠性增长Bayes分析

针对固体火箭发动机研制存在历史信息和专家信息的特点,提出了一种可靠性增长分析的Bayes模型。以狄氏分布作为先验分布,给出了先验分布参数的确定方法。综合利用了先验信息和每一阶段现场试验信息,推导了各阶段可靠性的后验边际分布。给出了当前阶段和后续阶段产品可靠性的Bayes点估计和置信下限,分析了各阶段试验结果对最终产品可靠性估计的影响。最后给出了一个实例,验证了该模型的有效性。     

金属构件疲劳微裂纹非线性超声检测

通过对固体非线性超声传播模型的研究,分析了裂纹静态压力与超声波作用力对裂纹超声非线性响应的影响,建立了反映裂纹区应力-应变非线性关系的弹性接触机制超声非线性响应模型以及反映裂纹闭合状态转换的碰撞接触机制超声非线性响应模型。通过实验研究发现,裂纹尖端区的二次谐波激发效率与裂纹的开口区和闭合区及裂纹最终扩展的极限长度有关。因此,可使用二次谐波激发效率作为定量表征金属试件疲劳微裂纹缺陷的特征参数,实验中使用了自主研制倍频双晶复合换能器,这种倍频双晶复合换能器在工程实际应用中更为方便、实用。     

基于及时修正策略可靠性增长的动态Bayes评估方法

针对指数寿命型设备在及时修正策略下的可靠性增长过程,提出了一种动态Bayes评估方法。该方法建立了及时修正策略下的AMSAA模型,并依据已有研制试验数据,对下一次试验的设备失效率进行预测,并将预测结果作为对新技术状态下设备失效率的验前认识,然后利用最大熵方法给出设备失效率的验前分布,进而实现对产品可靠性增长的Bayes统计分析。最后给出了该方法的具体算例,通过对比分析证明了该方法的有效性。     

C/C复合材料表面烧蚀细观形貌损伤分析

基于C/C复合材料烧蚀表面细观形貌和细观结构上的流场分布规律研究,着重分析了微裂纹尺寸对C/C复合材料中Z向纤维和基体界面上因变温引起的开裂损伤的影响,给出了微裂纹随温度变化的扩展规律及微裂纹特征尺寸随温度变化的表达式;提出了在高温下因变温而造成的损伤模型,为C/C复合材料结构烧蚀计算提供了一种基础性理论。研究结果表明,高温下变温会引起C/C复合材料力学性能的劣化。     

弹射座椅弹射筒上连接头挂耳断裂失效分析与研究

本文对弹射座椅弹射筒上连接头挂耳断裂失效现象、安装位置和作用进行了简要介绍;对可能造成上连接头挂耳断裂失效的原材料、尺寸、生产过程、断口、设计及工况强度等主要因素进行了系统排查、分析和验证,最终,找准了零件失效的机理,并准确定位,验证有效,对航空产品提升抗疲劳性能的设计应用起到积极的指导和借鉴意义。     

新疆高等教育发展与经济增长关系的协整分析

文章利用新疆1980-2010年数据，对高等教育发展与经济增长之间的关系进行研究，建立协整方程和误差修正模型，进行了格兰杰因果关系检验，得出的主要结论是：新疆经济增长和高等教育规模之间存在长期的协整关系；且经济增长对高等教育规模是单向格兰杰因果关系。在此分析的基础上，提出新疆高等教育与经济可持续发展的对策建议。     

Fatigue crack propagation of new aluminum lithium alloy bonded with titanium alloy strap

A new type of aluminum lithium alloy (Al-Li alloy) Al-Li-S-4 was investigated by test in this paper. Alloy plate of 400 mm · 140 mm · 6 mm with single edge notch was made into samples bonded with Ti-6Al-4V alloy (Ti alloy) strap by FM 94 film adhesive after the surface was treated. Fatigue crack growth of samples was investigated under cyclic loading with stress ratio (R) of 0.1 and load amplitude constant. The results show that Al-Li alloy plate bonded with Ti alloy strap could retard fatigue crack propagation. Retardation effect is related with width and thickness of strap. Flaws have an observable effect on crack propagation direction.     

Development of an improved ground-based prototype of space plant-growing facility

Based on a formerly developed ground-based prototype of space plant-growing facility, the development of its improved prototype has been finished, so as to make its operating principle better adapt to the space microgravity environment. According to the developing experience of its first generation prototype and detailed demonstration and design of technique plan, its blueprint design and machining of related components, whole facility installment, debugging and trial operations were all done gradually. Its growing chamber contains a volume of about 0.5 m³ and a growing area of approximate 0.5 m²; the atmospheric environmental parameters in the growing chamber and water content in the growing media were controlled totally and effectively; lighting source is a combination of both red and blue light emitting diodes (LED). The following demonstrating results showed that the entire system design of the prototype is reasonable and its operating principle can nearly meet the requirements of space microgravity environment. Therefore, our plant-growing technique in space was advanced further, which laid an important foundation for next development of the space plant-growing facility and plant-cultivating experimental research in space microgravity condition.     

A theoretical model of semi-elliptic surface crack growth

A theoretical model of semi-elliptic surface crack growth based on the low cycle strain damage accumulation near the crack tip along the cracking direction and the Newman–Raju formula is developed. The crack is regarded as a sharp notch with a small curvature radius and the process zone is assumed to be the size of cyclic plastic zone. The modified Hutchinson, Rice and Rosengren(HRR) formulations are used in the presented study. Assuming that the shape of surface crack front is controlled by two critical points: the deepest point and the surface point.The theoretical model is applied to semi-elliptic surface cracked Al 7075-T6 alloy plate under cyclic loading, and five different initial crack shapes are discussed in present study. Good agreement between experimental and theoretical results is obtained.     

波音737—200／300／500飞机尾部结构疲劳裂纹的探伤检查

波音系列飞机一定时间后，飞机尾部结构出现疲劳裂纹，需用涡轮检测法进行损伤检查。