微型扑翼飞行器扑动机构相关研究进展

微型扑翼飞行器(FMAV)具有独特的外形和飞行优势,具有重要的军事和民用价值。扑动机构是微型扑翼飞行器实现能量转换和机翼仿生运动的核心部件,是扑翼飞行器研究中极其重要的一环。阐述了扑动机构仿生规律实现、设计方法的最新进展,同时就设计中的关键技术进行了评述,主要为:仿生扑动规律的实现;提高系统效率的机构匹配设计方法;扑动机构的发展趋势。     

Reliability evaluation of avionics system with imperfect fault coverage and propagated failure mechanisms

Fault tolerance designs are essential techniques for systems that require high levels of reliability, such as aircraft or spacecraft control system. Imperfect Fault Coverage (IFC) may lead to the failure of a system or subsystem even with adequate redundancy. Previous studies of IFC mostly concentrated on evaluating Coverage Factor (CF), whereas the system failure behaviors with IFC have rarely been involved. Failures that occur in low-layer may be covered by high-layer. However, if the coverage is imperfect, uncovered failure will have functional and physical impact on the system behavior. In this thesis, the failure behavior and reliability of IFC of multi-layer systems are studied and a Binary Decision Diagram (BDD)-based modeling and simulation method are proposed to evaluate system reliability. As a case, the failure behavior of an aero engine electronic controller with IFC is studied. The results show that the IFC may impact system behavior without taking the IFC into account, the system maintenance intervals may reduce, and thus the maintenance costs will increase.     

航天器太阳能电池阵驱动系统激扰因素辨识与扰动机理分析

建立了典型太阳能电池阵驱动系统(SADS)精细动力学模型，开展了扰动特性地面试验测试，讨论了产生扰动的必要条件，分析了直接激扰因素及其对应扰动的时频特点。结果表明：所建动力学模型分析结果与试验测试扰动数据吻合良好(误差<10%)；刚体转动角加速度和模态振动加速度不同时为零是引起驱动系统扰动的前提条件；细分驱动、电机磁场非线性、时变齿轮啮合参数等是驱动系统的主要内部激扰因素；扰动力矩一般均具有周期变化特点，扰动成分集中在激扰频率及其高倍频附近，扰动幅度随细分驱动步距、齿槽激扰幅度、电磁激扰幅度和啮合参数变化幅度的增大而提高。     

Coating deposition regularity depended on orientation difference in PS-PVD plasma jet

The YSZ coatings are prepared by the plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD) technology based on a specific experimental design. The structure, thickness and growth angle of YSZ coatings on the entire circumferential surface of the cylindrical sample are studied. The results indicated that the structure, thickness and deflection growth angle of YSZ coatings are related to the orientation of deposition location. The numerical simulation of the multiphase mixed fluid near the substrate is carried out and the deposition regularity and mechanism of YSZ coatings prepared by PS-PVD is deduced. The growth rate is related to the local characteristics of the plasma flow field, and is directly proportional to the field pressure and inversely proportional to the field velocity. The growth angle of the coating is generally affected by the flow direction of the plasma jet. Especially, the normal component of velocity vector, V_norm, mainly affects the speed at which the coating grows vertically upwards. The tangential component of velocity vector, V_tan, determines the degree that the coating growth direction deviates from the vertical direction. When V_tan ≠ 0, the coating forms a fine column with a certain deflection angle and finally develops into an oblique columnar structure.     

A closed-form nonlinear model for spatial Timoshenko beam flexure hinge with circular cross-section

Beam flexure hinges can achieve accurate motion and force control through the elastic deformation. This paper presents a nonlinear model for uniform and circular cross-section spatial beam flexure hinges which are commonly employed in compliant parallel mechanisms. The proposed beam model takes shear deformations into consideration and hence is applicable to both slender and thick beam flexure hinges. Starting from the first principles, the nonlinear strain measure is derived using beam kinematics and expressed in terms of translational displacements and rotational angles. Second-order approximation is employed in order to make the nonlinear strain within acceptable accuracy. The natural boundary conditions and nonlinear governing equations are derived in terms of rotational Euler angles and subsequently solved for combined end loads. The resulting end load-displacement model, which is compact and closed-form, is proved to be accurate for both slender and thick beam flexure using nonlinear finite element analysis. This beam model can provide designers with more design insight of the spatial beam flexure and thus will benefit the structural design and optimization of compliant manipulators.     

基于工厂机制的Air-SeaSim CGF模型系统

针对仿真模型可重用性不足的问题,以海空对抗战术仿真为背景,设计了一种基于工厂机制的Air-SeaSim CGF(Computer Generated Forces)仿真模型开发系统.遵循"自底向上"的开发原则,构造了由模型层、对象层、服务层和应用层构成的Air-SeaSim CGF模型系统软件体系结构.基于工厂机制的实体模型设计,对CGF实体进行适当的分解,抽象出满足仿真需求的模型,以组件形式表示,通过定义组件接口实现实体模型的快速组装及其功能的扩展.系统应用效果表明,通过工厂机制开发技术设计的Air-SeaSim CGF实体模型,集成了不同粒度组件的仿真模型,实现了实体模型行为组件在不同兵力模型建立过程中的共享和组合,简化了用户的定义,有利于模型的统一开发.     

高温不锈钢的磨削温度测量与烧伤现象分析

针对高温不锈钢1Cr11Ni2W2MoV磨削过程中磨削区内部瞬时温度、磨削表面平均温度的测量方法以及工件表面平均温度与烧伤程度之间的关系进行了研究,分析了工件表面烧伤程度对材料金相组织的影响.通过研究得到了陶瓷结合剂CBN砂轮磨削1Cr11Ni2W2MoV时磨削区内部瞬时温度,证明工件表面的烧伤最直接因素是磨削表面的平均温度,在不同的磨削参数下,表面平均温度超过540℃就形成黄色的微烧伤,随着温度的升高,烧伤程度不断加重.同时,表面烧伤会使马氏体晶格变成细小的退火微晶变质层,烧伤越严重,微晶变质层的厚度越大.     

Rotor 37顶隙泄漏流的演化、影响及机匣处理

在详细研究顶隙泄漏流的结构及其演化的基础上,分析了Rotor 37的失速机理,并对不同深度、宽度和位置的环向沟机匣处理方式进行了比较研究.研究发现:在该研究的顶隙高度下,发生在叶尖尾缘附近的大面积流动分离是造成压气机失速的直接原因.因而布置在叶片中段和尾缘的环向沟有利于提高压气机的喘振裕度.同时还发现,环向沟的深度对于其产生作用并没有明显的影响,而其宽度的影响则较为明显.      

等离子体对大折转角扩压叶栅性能影响的机理

利用熵和耗散函数分析了某大折转角扩压叶栅内的流动及损失特性,探讨了等离子体减小损失的作用机理。结果表明,分离区仅是低能流体聚集区,而非高损失来源区;等离子体影响叶栅流动的机制可归结为,诱导其作用区上游流体加速降压、在其作用区内构造局部顺压力梯度以及增加电极附近的气流速度;等离子体通过减弱流动分离以减小栅内损失,其本质是通过减小吸力面后半部的分离区或低速区以减弱其与主流的剪切强度和减小强剪切作用区,从而减弱该区域内的耗散;等离子作用下吸力面附近气体流速的增加使得尾迹损失减小,而电极表面附近的粘性摩擦损失增加。     

航空发动机燃油系统抗污染综述

通过对航空油料污染途径、方式及污染机理进行分析,指出了油料污染对飞机和发动机造成危害的严重性,提出了航空发动机燃油系统抗污染控制技术和设计技术,探讨了未来航空发动机燃油系统对抗污染能力要求及相应的抗污染设计技术的发展趋势。