含腐蚀预损伤铝合金2024-T62的疲劳断裂行为及基于断裂力学的寿命预测

针对2024-T62铝合金薄板系统地开展了腐蚀预损伤对材料疲劳S-N曲线、小裂纹萌生行为、长短疲劳裂纹扩展及物理小裂纹门槛值扩展行为的影响等试验研究.结果表明:腐蚀预损伤对材料疲劳S-N曲线及材料疲劳小裂纹萌生行为有明显的影响,但时材料长短裂纹扩展及物理小裂纹门槛值扩展行为没有明显的影响.通过假定腐蚀预损伤为初始小裂纹...     

Topological Studies of Three-dimensional Flows in a High Pressure Compressor Stator Blade Row without and with Boundary Layer Aspiration

This paper presents a numerical study of the flow topologies of three-dimensional (3D) flows in a high pressure compressor stator blade row without and with boundary layer aspiration on the hub wall. The stator blade is representative of the first stage operating under transonic inlet conditions and the blade design encourages development of highly complex 3D flows. The blade has a small tip clearance. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies show progressive increase of hub corner stall with the increase in incidence. Aspiration is implemented on the hub wall via a slot in the corner between the hub wall and the suction surface. The CFD studies show aspiration to be sensitive to the suction flow rate; lower rate leads to very complex flow structures and increased level of losses whereas higher rate renders aspiration effective for control of hub corner separation. The flow topologies are studied by trace of skin friction lines on the walls. The nature of flow can be explained by the topological rules of closed separation. Furthermore, a deeper analysis is done for a particular case with advanced criterion to test the non-degeneracy of critical points in the flow field.     

压气机线性振荡叶栅气弹试验研究（二）：叶尖间隙的影响

 为了加强对叶轮机三维气动弹性机理的理解,为数值模拟方法提供试验验证数据,开展了压气机线性叶栅气动弹性试验研究。本研究分为2个部分,第1部分研究压气机线性振荡叶栅的气弹稳定性,本文为第2部分,重点辨别叶尖间隙对压气机叶片气弹稳定性的影响。试验结果表明随着叶尖间隙的增加,间隙流对振动叶片有失稳影响,其影响范围几乎遍及整个叶高,这与非定常气动的瞬时径向相互作用的结论是一致的。这种失稳效应与叶片间相位角对叶栅气弹稳定性的影响不耦合。间隙流在叶栅稳定性最差时影响最显著。详细的非定常压力试验结果表明,随着叶尖间隙的增加,叶片表面非定常压力幅值减小区域与间隙流造成的卸载区域相对应。由试验结果可以推断,不考虑叶尖间隙的数值模型可能会给出过稳定的叶片颤振预测。     

基于蛇行变轨的反舰导弹末制导律研究

提出了一种超声速反舰导弹针对海面机动目标的主动蛇行变轨导引设计方案。首先建立了反舰导弹、拦截弹和舰艇在航向平面的运动几何关系模型,然后基于Terminal滑模控制的思想进行了制导律设计,采用约束视线角和视线角速度的方法使反舰导弹在打击舰艇的过程中实现蛇行变轨,以能够规避敌方拦截导弹。仿真结果表明,该制导律具有期望的性能要求。     

Research on the Plane Multiple Cracks Stress Intensity Factors Based on Stochastic Finite Element Method

Taylor stochastic finite element method (SFEM) is applied to analyze the uncertainty of plane multiple cracks stress intensity factors (SIFs) considering the uncertainties of material properties, crack length, and load. The stochastic finite element model of plane multiple cracks are presented. In this model, crack tips are meshed with six-node triangular quarter-point elements; and other area is meshed with six-node triangular elements. The partial derivatives of displacement and stiffness matrix with respect to all the random variables obtained by Taylor SFEM are derived. Meanwhile, the mean and variance expressions of SIF under uncertain factors are also derived. Parallel double-crack illustrative example of using the proposed method is given. The calculation results indicate that the uncertainty of SIF is influenced by the distance of the cracks, the smaller the distance of cracks is, the greater the SIF uncertainty is, and the uncertainties of material elastic modulus, load and crack length markedly affect the uncertainty of SIF; and the Poisson ratio of material has little influence. Among the variables, the elastic modulus has the greatest effect on SIF uncertainty. The next is external load. The crack length has lower effect on SIF uncertainty than both the elastic modulus and external load.     

前体涡非对称分离机理及前缘吹气控制研究

通过设计对称性算法,求解层流Navier-Stokes方程,数值模拟了细长体在低超声速情况下前体背风涡随攻角演化的规律,在此基础上,进一步研究了前缘吹气对前体涡演化和侧向力特性的控制机理.根据数值模拟结果及分析,倾向于支持在层流框架内,前体涡的非对称失稳是一种对流不稳定机制,要想根据需要产生对称或不对称的前体涡,就必须外加持续的扰动.在约16°～48°攻角区间内,前缘吹气可产生规律性较好的侧向力,有可能直接利用前体涡进行横侧向控制.为工程实用化,需提高前缘吹气的激励收益效费比.     

电动无人机动力系统建模与实验

基于叶素修正理论和三维机翼气动系数计算公式,提出了一种分析双叶定距螺旋桨的新方法.并根据外转子无刷电动机工作原理及其特性,建立起电动无人机动力系统性能特性计算的数学模型.使用该模型分析了17组不同螺旋桨和电动机的零空速实验数据,结果表明:该模型原理正确,精度较高,且具有良好的工程操作性,能够有效提高电动无人机动力参数设计的可信度和精度.      

固体火箭发动机界面脱粘裂纹分析

使用有限元法,在裂纹尖端周围布置有限奇异裂纹单元以模拟裂纹尖端附近的奇异性。针对轴对称发动机头部的界面脱粘裂纹,计算了点火内压作用下,发动机衬层/药柱、壳体/绝热层界面不同深度脱粘裂纹尖端的应力强度因子,指出应力强度因子随裂纹深度的发展规律。结果表明,当裂纹深度较小时,衬层/药柱界面处于闭合状态,应力强度因子几乎不发生变化,随着裂纹深度的增加,裂纹呈张开状态,裂纹尖端的应力强度因子不断增大;壳体/绝热层界面裂纹总是处于张开状态,且应力强度因子随裂纹深度的增加而增大。     

复杂空冷叶片换热特性研究

为了深入了解空冷透平动叶的冷却机理和冷气流动特性,对某重型燃机透平动叶进行了气-热耦合数值模拟。结果表明,叶尖开孔可以促进冷气在蛇形通道中的流动,改善冷却效果;涡流矩阵通道中子通道的宽度与高度比减小会加大涡流矩阵通道中的流动阻力,从而改变冷却的效果,其宽高比与冷气进口条件存在一个最佳组合关系;涡流矩阵通道结构与叶尖之间的间隙会降低冷气的利用率。     

多级协同项目执行中的资源冲突检测与管理

以航空航天型号工程项目为背景,针对多级协同项目中的资源冲突问题,利用基于时间约束网络的冲突检测算法实现了多级协同项目中的资源冲突检测,该算法建立了任务关系的时间约束网络模型,给出了基于模型的线性化、实例化方法和检测判据.针对资源冲突的检测结果表达及冲突信息的管理提出多视图表达方式,建立了基于UML的信息模型.基于研究结果设计开发了项目资源管理原型系统,以某航天项目任务的管理为例进行了验证,表明了研究结果的有效性.