机动再入体的带落角约束扩展比例导引律设计

传统的各种制导律都是以获得最小脱靶量为最终目标,没有考虑到导弹击中目标时刻的末端落角.为了保证非自旋再入体完成精确打击目标的任务,针对非自旋再入体垂直打击目标的制导问题,设计了一种带落角约束的扩展比例导引律.仿真研究表明,所设计的末制导律能够保证非自旋再入体命中目标时的脱靶量和末端落角都能满足要求,可以为开展近空间非自旋再入体制导问题的研究提供测试平台.     

高职《GPS测量技术》课程标准改革研究

《GPS测量技术》课程作为工程测量技术专业的一门专业技能课,是该专业必须掌握的核心技能之一。在明确国家职业标准的前提下,深入探讨该课程的教学过程,制定切实可行的课程标准。针对学生必须掌握的操作技能,组织开展项目教学,确保学生达到GPS技术的能力标准。     

工学结合模式下《公差配合与机械测量》教学探讨

主要从工学结合模式下对高职公差课程的改革进行了探讨。通过优化教学内容,加强实践操作,改革教学方法,提高了学生对课程的学习兴趣及对所学知识的运用能力,取得满意的教学效果。     

一种利用PCA的导弹轨迹重建方法

非同时刻成像将大幅恶化立体视觉方法对导弹的轨迹点重建精度和射向估计精度,针对这一问题,该文提出了应用主成分分析(PCA)重建导弹轨迹并且估计导弹射向的方法。论文在同步轨道双星观测条件下推导了将PCA方法应用到导弹轨迹重建及射向估计的原理,论证了目标三维轨迹最小方差投影直线在像面上的投影即为目标成像轨迹的最小方差投影直线,给出了通过求取目标成像轨迹的最小方差投影直线重建导弹发射面和轨迹点的算法。仿真实验表明了该方法可以有效地进行弹道轨迹的三维重建及射向估计,与现有方法相比,PCA方法重建精度更高,相机定标误差在一定范围内时,射向估计误差更小。     

探月返回器跳跃式再入过载抑制算法研究

针对小升阻比探月返回器大航程、跳跃式再入的特点,采用了新的过载约束条件,并在此基础上对过载抑制问题进行了描述。然后对跳跃式再入过程中影响开普勒段航程的因素进行了分析,将气动升力在地球矢径方向的分量等效为万有引力的小扰动力,推导得出了与预测校正制导律相结合的过载抑制算法。最后通过仿真校验了该算法在不影响返回器着陆精度的前提下有效实现了过载抑制,各种偏差情况下的蒙特卡洛仿真也体现了该算法的实用性及鲁棒性。     

三维高超声速飞行器再入轨迹快速优化

高超声速再入轨迹优化问题是一类复杂的最优控制问题。采用高斯伪谱法(GPM)将再入轨迹优化问题转化为非线性规划问题(NLP),对NLP进行归一化处理后,采用SNOPT软件包求解。根据协态变量映射规则计算出协态变量,得出哈密尔顿函数沿最优控制的变化过程。算例中,GPM耗时约7 s即可生成一条严格满足各种约束的三维最优再入轨迹,耗时远少于相关文献,并且优化精度高,满足一阶最优性必要条件。     

Surface temperature estimation in Singhbhum Shear Zone of India using Landsat-7 ETM+ thermal infrared data

Land surface temperature (LST) is an important factor in global change studies, heat balance and as control for climate change. A comparative study of LST over parts of the Singhbhum Shear Zone in India was undertaken using various emissivity and temperature retrieval algorithms applied on visible and near infrared (VNIR), and thermal infrared (TIR) bands of high resolution Landsat-7 ETM+ imagery. LST results obtained from satellite data of October 26, 2001 and November 2, 2001 through various algorithms were validated with ground measurements collected during satellite overpass. In addition, LST products of MODIS and ASTER were compared with Landsat-7 ETM+ and ground truth data to explore the possibility of using multi-sensor approach in LST monitoring. An image-based dark object subtraction (DOS3) algorithm, which is yet to be tested for LST retrieval, was applied on VNIR bands to obtain atmospheric corrected surface reflectance images. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was estimated from VNIR reflectance image. Various surface emissivity retrieval algorithms based on NDVI and vegetation proportion were applied to ascertain emissivities of the various land cover categories in the study area in the spectral range of 10.4–12.5 μm. A minimum emissivity value of about 0.95 was observed over the reflective rock body with a maximum of about 0.99 over dense forest. A strong correlation was established between Landsat ETM+ reflectance band 3 and emissivity. Single channel based algorithms were adopted for surface radiance and brightness temperature. Finally, emissivity correction was applied on ‘brightness temperature’ to obtain LST. Estimated LST values obtained from various algorithms were compared with field ground measurements for different land cover categories. LST values obtained after using Valor’s emissivity and single channel equations were best correlated with ground truth temperature. Minimum LST is observed over dense forest as about 26 °C and maximum LST is observed over rock body of about 38 °C. The estimated LST showed that rock bodies, bare soils and built-up areas exhibit higher surface temperatures, while water bodies, agricultural croplands and dense vegetations have lower surface temperatures during the daytime. The accuracy of the estimated LST was within ±2 °C. LST comparison of ASTER and MODIS with Landsat has a maximum difference of 2 °C. Strong correlation was found between LST and spectral radiance of band 6 of Landsat-7 ETM+. Result corroborates the fact that surface temperatures over land use/land cover types are greatly influenced by the amount of vegetation present.     

高职《自动控制原理与系统》课程教学改革探索

通过对《自动控制原理与系统》课程教学改革,采用项目教学方式,融合技能操作在课程教学中,做到教、学、做一体化,初步探索该门课的课程标准。     

高焓流动重要基础问题研究进展

本文报道了我们在爆轰驱动高焓激波风洞中开展的测试工作的进展.试验气流有两种典型的状态.分别对应流动速度5km/s与4km/s.这里主要说明在气动热、气动力、红外辐射、电离特性、化学组分等物理量测量方法上,我们所做的努力以及所得到部分典型的结果.     

轨道轰炸飞行器过渡段轨道设计与制导

针对轨道轰炸飞行器(OBV)的过渡段轨道设计与制导技术进行了讨论.在初始点位置、再入点位置和再入角固定的前提下,根据冲量假设和二体理论设计了固定时间转移轨道,其实质在于制动点位置和制动速度的确定.为了消除设计偏差,提出了一种基于虚拟再入点补偿的有限推力制导方案,并简要分析了关机点参数的选取原则.对于耗尽关机的动力系统,通过运用能量管理技术实现了多余燃料的耗散.仿真结果验证了上述方法的有效性.