基于模糊理论的跳跃轨迹多目标优化设计

针对探月返回跳跃轨迹的多目标优化设计问题,提出了一种基于模糊理论的优化设计方法,并对非线性隶属度函数对优化结果的影响进行了研究.首先,将连续的无限维优化问题进行离散化,转化为非线性规划问题;其次,用隶属度函数将各个子目标进行模糊化,将多目标优化问题转化为求模糊判决隶属度函数的最大值问题;最后,求解经过模糊化的非线性规划问题.分析了探月返回跳跃轨迹的特性,表明模糊多目标优化更能体现决策者的偏好.构造了具有不同凹凸性、不同形状的非线性隶属度函数,比较了它们对优化结果的影响,结果表明隶属度函数影响多目标模糊优化结果的首要因素是隶属度函数的凹凸性.     

Anomalous enhancement of electric field derived from ionosonde data before the great Wenchuan earthquake

The seismo-ionospheric coupling is a hot topic of modern scientific research. One of the most reasonable mechanisms is the hypothesis of quasistatic electric field. With a preliminary analytical method, electric field in F2-region before Wenchuan earthquake was derived from the five lower latitude ground-based ionosondes: Lhasa (29.63°N, 91.17°E), Chongqing (29.50°N, 106.40°E), Kunming (25.00°N, 102.70°E), Guangzhou (23.15°N, 113.35°E) and Haikou (23.15°N, 110.35°E). The results show that there was an anomalous enhancement of electric field in F2-region close to the epicenter with maximal amplitude ∼2 mV/m (about 10 times of the background) at 15:00 LT on 9 May, which is in line with the amplitudes of anomalous electric field related to some previous earthquakes observed by satellites.     

Hybrid calibration method for six-component force/torque transducers of wind tunnel balance based on support vector machines

A hybrid calibration approach based on support vector machines (SVM) is proposed to characterize nonlinear cross coupling of multi-dimensional transducer. It is difficult to identify these unknown nonlinearities and crosstalk just with a single conventional calibration approach. In this paper, a hybrid model comprising calibration matrix and SVM model for calibrating linearity and nonlinearity respectively is built up. The calibration matrix is determined by linear artificial neural network (ANN), and the SVM is used to compensate for the nonlinear cross coupling among each dimension. A simulation of the calibration of a multi-dimensional sensor is conducted by the SVM hybrid calibration method, which is then utilized to calibrate a six-component force/torque transducer of wind tunnel balance. From the calibrating results, it can be indicated that the SVM hybrid calibration method has improved the calibration accuracy significantly without increasing data samples, compared with calibration matrix. Moreover, with the calibration matrix, the hybrid model can provide a basis for the design of transducers.     

Aircraft robust multidisciplinary design optimization methodology based on fuzzy preference function

This paper presents a Fuzzy Preference Function-based Robust Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (FPF-RMDO) methodology. This method is an effective approach to multidisciplinary systems, which can be used to designer experiences during the design optimization process by fuzzy preference functions. In this study, two optimizations are done for Predator MQ-1 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV): (A) deterministic optimization and (B) robust optimization. In both problems, minimization of takeoff weight and drag is considered as objective functions, which have been optimized using Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA). In the robust design optimization, cruise altitude and velocity are considered as uncertainties that are modeled by the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) method. Aerodynamics, stability and control, mass properties, performance, and center of gravity are used for multidisciplinary analysis. Robust design optimization results show 46% and 42% robustness improvement for takeoff weight and cruise drag relative to optimal design respectively.     

去中心化时差频差直接定位方法

针对原始利用时差频差的直接定位(DPD)方法存在数据传输量和计算量大的瓶颈,提出了两种去中心化直接定位方法。第1种方法采用去中心化配对方案,只将各观测站截获信号在站间进行一次传输,将数据传输和计算分散到各观测站间并行计算互模糊函数(CAF),构造仅满足满秩条件的互模糊矩阵(CAM)。第2种方法根据推导的任意互模糊函数间关系公式,采用归约方式去中心化的在各观测站并行计算余下互模糊函数,补全互模糊矩阵。两种方法都降低了直接定位数据传输量,提高了计算效率。性能分析和仿真实验表明本文两种方法精度性能优于两步定位方法,在低信噪比时两种方法都可达到比较理想的精度性能,在高信噪比时第2种方法与原始直接定位方法的精度性能相当。     

基于结构模态的机翼带吊舱有限元建模方法

针对无有限元模型的颤振计算建模问题,提出了一种采用结构优化方法建立有限元模型的方法。依据标准算例的结构尺寸和材料特性建立其有限元模型,采用集中质量单元和连接杆模拟外挂吊舱结构,得到了机翼带吊舱的标准模型。计算其结构模态并作为优化目标,建立几何尺寸、质量与标准模型一致。但结构参数不一致的初始模型;然后采用敏度优化算法优化初始模型,得到机翼带吊舱的优化模型。计算结果表明,优化模型与标准模型的颤振速度和频率均较为接近。     

A multi-objective multi-memetic algorithm for network-wide conflict-free 4D flight trajectories planning

Under the demand of strategic air traffic flow management and the concept of trajectory based operations (TBO),the network-wide 4D flight trajectories planning (N4DFTP) problem has been investigated with the purpose of safely and efficiently allocating 4D trajectories (4DTs) (3D position and time) for all the flights in the whole airway network.Considering that the introduction of large-scale 4DTs inevitably increases the problem complexity,an efficient model for strategic level conflict management is developed in this paper.Specifically,a bi-objective N4DFTP problem that aims to minimize both potential conflicts and the trajectory cost is formulated.In consideration of the large-scale,high-complexity,and multi-objective characteristics of the N4DFTP problem,a multi-objective multi-memetic algorithm (MOMMA) that incorporates an evolutionary global search framework together with three problem-specific local search operators is implemented.It is capable of rapidly and effectively allocating 4DTs via rerouting,target time controlling,and flight level changing.Additionally,to balance the ability of exploitation and exploration of the algorithm,a special hybridization scheme is adopted for the integration of local and global search.Empirical studies using real air traffic data in China with different network complexities show that the pro posed MOMMA is effective to solve the N4DFTP problem.The solutions achieved are competitive for elaborate decision support under a TBO environment.     

增强碳/碳球锥切削中的最小热应力优化研究

对将增强碳/碳纤维块体切削成球锥外形的工艺,块体热膨胀系数异性轴指向可以极大地影响球锥热应力大小,存在优化设计的潜力。本文对增强碳/碳不同主轴方向弹性模量比值下的球锥最小热应力优化特性进行了研究,发现以1为界,不同模量对比关系下的优化特征是完全不同的。在本文加热条件下,当异性轴模量小于同性面模量时,优化曲线对温度场变化很敏感,以块体异性轴和球锥横截面成±42.9夹角时热应力最小;当异性轴模量大于同性面模量时,优化曲线随加热时间变化不大,以块体同性面与球锥对称轴平行或成小锐角时热应力最小。一般而言,工艺设计中应避免用模量大的主轴方向指向球锥对称轴方向。     

风险投资中三类经典优化模型等价性分析

风险投资中有三类经典优化模型，分别是风险极小化模型、期望收益极大化模型、风险厌恶模型。这三类模型的等价会为投资组合分析提供更多的方法。文中证明了三类优化模型产生相同的有效前沿，并在此意义下得出这三类优化模型的等价性。另外，引用MSCI世界股价指数数据对三个模型有效前沿的等价性，进行实际算例验证。