涡轮叶栅叶尖间隙流实验研究(英文)

This article describes the effects of some factors on the tip clearance flow in axial linear turbine cascades. The measurements of the total pressure loss coefficient are made at the cascade outlets by using a five-hole probe at exit Mach numbers of 0.10, 0.14 and 0.19. At each exit Mach number, experiments are performed at the tip clearance heights of 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% and 3.0% of the blade height. The effects of the non-uniform tip clearance height of each blade in the pitchwise direction are also studied. The results show that at a given tip clearance height, generally, total pressure loss rises with exit Mach numbers proportionally. At a fixed exit Mach number, the total pressure loss augments nearly proportionally as the tip clearance height increases. The increased tip clearance heights in the tip regions of two adjacent blades are to be blame for the larger clearance loss of the center blade. Compared to the effects of the tip clearance height, the effects of the exit Mach number and the pitchwise variation of the tip clearance height on the cascade total pressure loss are so less significant to be omitted.     

用大失配功率座法测量稳幅环路的等效源反射系数

介绍一种测量信号源反射系数的新方法—采用大失配功率座和不同长度空气线连用,用最小二乘法求解的方法。该方法可以在整个同轴传输线频段10 MHz～26.5 GHz扫频测量,与传统的滑动短路器加测量线的方法比较,这种方法十分方便、快捷。由于采用最小二乘法求解出信号源反射系数,克服了功率和空气线损耗测量不准带来的问题,因此测量小量值的信号源反射系数也较准确。     

Estimation of ballistic coefficients of space debris using the ratios between different objects

This paper proposes a new method to estimate the ballistic coefficient (BC) of low earth orbit space debris.The data sources are the historical two-line elements (TLEs).Since the secular variation of semi-major axes is mainly caused by the drag perturbation for space objects with perigee altitude below 600 km,the ballistic coefficients are estimated based on variation of the mean semi-major axes derived from the TLEs.However,the approximate parameters used in the calcu lation have error,especially when the upper atmosphere densities are difficult to obtain and always estimated by empirical model.The proportional errors of the approximate parameters are cancelled out in the form of ratios,greatly mitigating the effects of model error.This method has been also been validated for space objects with perigee altitude higher than 600 km.The relative errors of esti mated BC values from the new method are significantly smaller than those from the direct estimation methods used in numerical experiments.The estimated BC values are used for the prediction of the semi-major axes,and good performance is obtained.This process is also a feasible method for prediction over a long period of time without an orbital propagator model.     

A hazard analysis via an improved timed colored petri net with time–space coupling safety constraint

Petri nets are graphical and mathematical tools that are applicable to many systems for modeling, simulation, and analysis. With the emergence of the concept of partitioning in time and space domains proposed in avionics application standard software interface(ARINC 653), it has become difficult to analyze time–space coupling hazards resulting from resource partitioning using classical or advanced Petri nets. In this paper, we propose a time–space coupling safety constraint and an improved timed colored Petri net with imposed time–space coupling safety constraints(TCCP-NET) to fill this requirement gap. Time–space coupling hazard analysis is conducted in three steps: specification modeling, simulation execution, and results analysis. A TCCP-NET is employed to model and analyze integrated modular avionics(IMA), a real-time, safety-critical system. The analysis results are used to verify whether there exist time–space coupling hazards at runtime. The method we propose demonstrates superior modeling of safety-critical real-time systems as it can specify resource allocations in both time and space domains. TCCP-NETs can effectively detect underlying time–space coupling hazards.     

物体有限变形下的非平衡热力学分析

本文采用不可逆过程热力学的观点,将流体、弹-粘塑性物体的一般本构关系,在形式上统一地用非平衡热力学流和非平衡热力学力间的唯象关系表出。在一些特殊情况下对唯象关系进行了讨论,得到一些大家熟知的重要关系式。还就在非平衡热力学条件下的硬化系数矩障h_(αβ)和Drucker假设进行了分析,证明以形h_(αβ)相关联的硬化方程和晶体塑性本构关系,一般不能满足不可逆过程热力学对其式的限制。     

液体工质激光推进冲量耦合系数实验测试

在成功研制液体工质注入系统的基础上,以脉冲式CO2激光器为光源,将雾化水滴用作工质,进行了激光推进性能实验测试研究。实验发现水工质激光推进冲量耦合系数较大气吸气模式获得了较为明显的提高,达到了50×10-5N.s.J-1左右。与国内外相关实验结果进行了对比分析,讨论了提高液体工质激光推进性能参数的方法。     

耦合的气动伺服弹性系统鲁棒稳定裕度估算

根据多输入－多输出控制系统理论，对飞行器耦合的气动伺服弹性系统进行了稳定裕度估算，耦合是在飞行器的横滚与偏航之间产生的，以闭环系统回差矩阵的奇异值理论作为估算方法的基础，应用鲁棒稳定性的充分条件，以某飞行器为例进行估算，得出飞行器在给定速度下保持稳定性的抵抗系统摄动的范围。     

进气旋流对推力喷管性影响的研究

介绍了模拟近代大涵道比发动机排气状况的旋流模型,和在喷管落压比1.2到6.5范围内,进气旋流对轴对称喷管,矩形收-扩喷管,楔形二元喷管,和单边膨胀斜板形喷管等性能和射流流态影响等的一些实验结果。实验数据指出:进气旋流可使喷管出口射流柱中的旋涡加强,射流与外界气流间的混合区扩大,中心核心流区缩小,但它对轴对称喷管出口流态的影响很小。进气旋流同时对喷管推力系数和流量系数均起不利影响,增大进气旋流角度会使喷管推力系数和流量都下降,特别是当旋流角超过某一“临界”值后二者降低很急剧,并且二元喷管降低的程度比轴对称喷管更严重,因之在具体应用情况中,保留多大发动机的旋流,要针对具体情况综合考虑各种因素来选定。     

声激励下绕二维薄翼非定常位势流的理论分析

本文根据无粘流体的非定常热流理论，推导出声源在亚声速不可压缩流场中对机翼产生的非定常流体动力的精确解，讨论了典型翼段上单极子声源的位置对声致气动载荷的影响，并通过对声－涡耦合的分析，解释了限于弱扰动的声激励消除颤振的机理，为有源声控制技术应用于流致振动和涡流的控制提供了理论基础。     

测定飞行推力和极曲线新方法

根据飞机在纵向运动时沿风轴方向的运动方程,重新定义飞机的推力和阻力,提出了一种新的测定飞行推力和阻力的方法,并将此法用于某型飞机的风洞与飞行试验极曲线相关性研究,取得了好的结果.