复合材料加筋板后屈曲设计技术欧盟研究综述

为了保持竞争力,欧洲的飞机工业要求降低开发和使用成本,短期和长期分别降低20%和50%。为了实现这一目标,欧盟在框架计划下支持了一系列复合材料加筋结构后屈曲技术相关的研究项目。飞机复合材料加筋板具有较强的后屈曲承载能力,在飞机设计中可大幅提高结构的承载效率。本文介绍了欧盟在该领域的发展概况,从项目背景、目标、开展的工作、分析方法以及研究成果等方面阐述了欧盟在第五、第六和第七框架及其他项目下支持的复合材料加筋结构后屈曲设计分析技术相关研究项目,并分析了该领域技术的发展趋势及带来的启示。     

飞行器阵风响应的CFD-6DOF仿真分析

飞行器在大气中飞行,不可避免地受到阵风的影响。阵风所附加的气动载荷引发飞行器飞行状态的改变,过大幅值的阵风影响飞行的性能与安全。针对这种状况,首先采用改进的Lamb-Ossen涡模型,建立尾涡形式的阵风场;然后采用基于CFD技术的非定常N-S方程求解,并在计算网格中引入"网格速度"来模拟阵风,对SWIM(Subsonic Wall Interference Model)尾涡中的定常气动特性进行验证;最后通过CFD-6DOF的耦合,对SWIM俯冲穿越尾涡场的飞行轨迹进行研究。结果表明:计算结果与实验值符合较好;SWIM在尾涡中飞行时出现抖动、下沉、改变飞行状态、剧烈翻转的现象,与实际飞行器进入尾涡中的轨迹特性类似。     

新型飞控驾驶舱操纵机构故障状态建模与分析

某电传民机驾驶舱操纵机构采用超控杆的连接形式,该种机构重量轻、维修性好,但是故障模式具有多样性和复杂性,针对这一问题,研究其驾驶杆操纵机构的原理和物理特性,对其正常模式和单侧驾驶杆卡阻故障模式进行建模,并对各故障模式进行分析和杆力特性品质评估,结果表明:该种操纵机构在故障模式下的杆力特性品质是可以接受的。     

深空机动对运载火箭发射火星探测轨道研究

为解决长征(LM)运载火箭发射火星探测器转移轨道时，因低温入轨级最长允许滑行时间及测控限制，有效发射日期窗口亟需拓展的问题，采用主矢量理论结合序列二次规划算法(SQP)，研究了探测器深空机动(DSM)对优化运载火箭发射火星转移轨道的作用。在发射直接转移火星探测轨道算法基础上，重点研究了包含引力影响球(SOI)内近地及近火飞行段后，采用主矢量获取深空机动最优猜测初值的分析算法，通过直接使用探测器近火点目标轨道参数优化运载火箭发射轨道，研究对比不同优化目标及设计约束下深空机动的分析结果，证实深空机动对降低转移轨道总发射能量需求、拓展发射日期窗口的高效性；该算法已应用于工程设计。     

"连宋"大陆行题写的对联赏析

“连宋”在大陆访问期间，留下了多副对联。这些对联，有的怀古感今，诗情浓郁，意境高远；有的言志抒情，充满哲理，耐人寻味。每一副都堪称精品，令人百读不厌，涵咏兴长，值得细细赏析。     

Going to Alpha Centauri B and setting up a Radio Bridge

How to exploit the Sun as a gravitational lens has been studied extensively during the last 20 years, especially by this author (Refs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7). In essence, a spacecraft dubbed FOCAL (an acronym for “Fast Outgoing Cyclopean Astronomical Lens”) should be launched in the direction of the sky opposite to the area of the sky we wish to see highly magnified both at radio and other frequencies. After FOCAL reached the minimal focal distance of 550 AU from the Sun, highly magnified radio images of celestial objects located on the opposite side of the Sun will automatically be produced. In this paper we apply the FOCAL mission concept to the goal of exploring the neighborhood of the Alpha Centauri B star, where the nearest exoplanet to the Solar system was recently discovered. We suggest that:     

Validation of B0 and B1 in the IRI 2001 model at low solar activity for Ilorin an equatorial station

A new set of data obtained at low solar activity from Ilorin, Nigeria (geog. latitude 8.5°N, geog longitude, 4.6°E, dip 4.1°S) is used to validate the IRI 2001 model at low solar activity. The results show in general a good agreement between model and observed B0 at night but an over estimation during daytime. The overestimation is greatest during the morning period (0600LT–1000LT). The model prediction for B1 is fairly good at night and during the day. A dependence of B0 on solar zenith angle χ is observed during the daytime. A formulation of the form B0 = A[cos(χ)ⁿ] is therefore proposed. Values of the constants n and A were determined for the period of low solar activity for this station.     

Two freedom linear parameter varying μ synthesis control for flight environment testbed

To solve the problem of robust servo performance of Flight Environment Testbed(FET)of Altitude Ground Test Facilities(AGTF) over the whole operational envelope, a two-degree-offreedom μ synthesis method based on Linear Parameter Varying(LPV) schematic is proposed, and meanwhile a new structure frame of μ synthesis control on two degrees of freedom with double integral and weighting functions is presented, which constitutes a core support part of the paper. Aimed at the problem of reference command's rapid change, one freedom feed forward is adopted, while another freedom output feedback is used to meet good servo tracking as well as disturbance and noise rejection; furthermore, to overcome the overshoot problem and acquire dynamic tuning,the integral is introduced in inner loop, and another integral controller is used in outer loop in order to guarantee steady errors; additionally, two performance weighting functions are designed to achieve robust specialty and control energy limit considering the uncertainties in system. As the schedule parameters change over large flight envelope, the stability of closed-loop LPV system is proved using Lyapunov inequalities. The simulation results show that the relative tracking errors of temperature and pressure are less than 0.5% with LPV μ synthesis controller. Meanwhile, compared with non-LPV μ synthesis controller in large uncertainty range, the proposed approach in this research can ensure robust servo performance of FET over the whole operational envelope.     

运载火箭发射场无人值守加注发射技术研究

针对我国火箭在发射场射前操作项目多、保障人员多的问题，分析了国内外火箭发射场无人值守加注发射的现状。结合火箭射前状态，从火箭系统、地面测发控系统和发射场系统等方面提出了无人值守加注发射总体方案，通过火箭状态远程监测及故障处理技术、连接器零秒脱落技术、箭地接口组合连接技术、连接器自动对接技术和火工品自动短路保护与解保技术等关键技术研究，可提高人员和产品的安全性，为后续我国火箭实现无人值守加注发射提供参考。