冷却孔非均匀排布波纹板隔热屏冷却特性仿真

为了更加合理地分配冷却气体流量，提高纵向波纹板隔热屏结构的气膜冷却效率，提出了非均匀孔排布局波纹板隔热 屏结构，即保持开孔率不变，构建了上游波纹结构气膜孔排布密集、下游波纹结构气膜孔排布稀疏的非均匀结构。在发动机真实 工况下，采用数值仿真的方法研究了非均匀孔排方式对沿程冷却气体流量分配特性和气膜冷却特性的影响规律，揭示了振幅比变 化对波纹板隔热屏冷却效果的影响规律。结果表明：前密后疏型非均匀孔排布局可以改变冷却气体在隔热屏不同位置处的出流 量，从而显著提高隔热屏的气膜冷却效率。在气膜孔孔参数以及开孔率不变时，增大隔热屏上游孔排密度既可以提高隔热屏上游 的冷却效果，又不会明显降低隔热屏下游的冷却效果，使隔热屏整体面平均气膜冷却效率有所提高，相比于均匀孔排结构，前密后 疏孔排布局最高可使隔热屏面平均气膜冷却效率提高12.66%；在相同工况下，当振幅比从0.035增大至0.075时，隔热屏的面平均 气膜冷却效率显著提高，最高可使其面平均气膜冷却效率提高16.32%。     

发散冷却与冲击/发散冷却的冷却效率对比

为了得到最佳的冷却结构,在相同冷却气量下对发散孔单层壁与冲击/发散孔双层壁冷却结构的冷却效率进行了试验研究.试验保证相同的发散孔排布规律、热侧与冷侧进气温度、冷却气量、热气量以及热冷侧之间的空气压降,使用红外热像仪对发散孔壁的热侧壁面温度进行测量以得到冷却效率,并对两种结构的冷却效率进行对比分析.试验结果表明:在相同冷却开孔面积、相同冷热气条件下,冲击/发散孔双层壁的冷却效率要比发散孔单层壁大约高30%,这归因于冲击/发散冷却方式存在更高的换热强化能力.      

Delayed outburst of H 1743–322 in 2003 and relation with its other outbursts

The Galactic transient black hole candidate H 1743–322 exhibited a long duration outburst in 2003 after more than two and a half decades of inactivity. The 2003 event was extensively studied in multi-wavelength bands by many groups. The striking feature is that the total energy released is extremely high as compared to that in tens of outbursts which followed. In this paper, we look at this event and study both the spectral and temporal properties of the source using two component advective flow (TCAF) paradigm. We extract accretion flow parameters for each observation from spectral properties of the decay phase and determine the mass of the black hole. We computed the energy released during all the known outbursts since 2003 and showed that on an average, the energy release in an outburst is proportional to the duration of the quiescent state just prior to it, with the exception of the 2004 outburst. A constant rate of supply of matter from the companion cannot explain the energy release in 2004 outburst. However, if the energy release of 2003 is incomplete and the leftover is released in 2004, then the companion’s rate of matter supply can be constant since 1977 till date. We believe that erratic behaviour of viscosity at the accumulation radius $X_p$ of matter as well as location the $X_p$ itself, rather than the random variation of mass transfer rate from the companion, could be responsible for non-uniformity in outburst pattern. We discuss several factors on which the waiting time and duration of the next outburst could depend.     

On the relation of the Forbush decreases detected by ASEC monitors during the 23rd solar activity cycle with ICME parameters

To improve the physical understanding of the Forbush decreases (FD) and to explore the Space Weather drivers, we need to measure as much geospace parameter as possible, including the changing fluxes of secondary cosmic rays. At the Aragats Space Environmental Center (ASEC) are routinely measured the neutral and charged fluxes of secondary cosmic rays. Each of species has different most probable energy of primary “parent” proton/nuclei. Therefore, the energy range of the Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) affected by Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection (ICME) can be effectively estimated using data of the ASEC monitors. We presented relations of the magnitude of FD observed in different secondary particle fluxes to the most probable energy of the primary protons. We investigate the correlations between the magnitude of FD with the size, speed, density and magnetic field of the ICME. We demonstrate that the attenuation of the GCR flux incident on the Earth’s atmosphere due to passing of the ICME is dependent on the speed and size of the ICME and the magnetic field strength.     

精密盲孔珩磨工具设计技巧

介绍了影响盲孔珩磨精度的问题所在,根据平衡力矩原理,设计带有补偿油石磨损差值的珩磨工具,实现了在油石上下超程不相等的条件下,达到了对孔各部位的等量切削。     

1989年8月5日太阳边缘活动区之上的绿日冕线

我们观测了1989年8月5日博尔德编号5629号黑子群上方的、具有激发连续谱和明亮节点的绿日冕光谱线。根据连续谱强度估算其电子密度为3×10~9—10~(11)cm~(-3)。半宽达1.2A。不考虑湍流速度求得电子的运动温度为4—5×10~6K。沿视线方向辐射较强区域的大小是0.5×10~9cm。     

Effect of dilution holes on the performance of a triple swirler combustor

A triple swirler combustor is considered to be a promising solution for future high temperature rise combustors. The present paper aims to study dilution holes including primary dilution holes and secondary dilution holes on the performance of a triple swirler combustor. Experimental investigations are conducted at different inlet airflow velocities(40–70 m/s) and combustor overall fuel–air ratio with fixed inlet airflow temperature(473 K) and atmospheric pressure. The experimental results show that the ignition is very difficult with specific performance of high ignition fuel–air ratio when the primary dilution holes are located 0.6H(where H is the liner dome height)downstream the dome, while the other four cases have almost the same ignition performance. The position of primary dilution holes has an effect on lean blowout stability and has a large influence on combustion efficiency. The combustion efficiency is the highest when the primary dilution holes are placed 0.9H downstream the dome among the five different locations.For the secondary dilution holes, the pattern factor of Design A is better than that of Design B.     

A spectroscopic measurement of high velocity spray plasma from an M-class flare and coronal mass ejection

The M1.5-class flare and associated coronal mass ejection (CME) of 16 February 2011 was observed with the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer on board the Hinode spacecraft. Spray plasma associated with the CME is found to exhibit a Doppler blue-shift of 850 km s^?1 – one of the largest values reported from spectroscopy of the solar disk and inner corona. The observation is unusual in that the emission line (Fe xii 193.51 Å) is not observed directly, but the Doppler shift is so large that the blue-shifted component appears in a wavelength window at 192.82 Å, intended to observe lines of O v, Fe xi and Ca xvii. The Fe xii 195.12 Å emission line is used as a proxy for the rest component of 193.51 Å. The observation highlights the risks of using narrow wavelength windows for spectrometer observations when observing highly-dynamic solar phenomena. The consequences of large Doppler shifts for ultraviolet solar spectrometers, including the upcoming Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE) mission, are discussed.     

Electrochemical drilling of small holes by regulating in real-time the electrolyte flowrate in multiple channels

Electrochemical drilling(ECD) provides an alternative technique for drilling multiple small holes in difficult-to-machine materials in numerous industrial applications such as for aeroengines. The value and fluctuation of electrolyte flowrate can seriously affect the machining stability and hole quality in ECD. In particular, when drilling multiple holes, the distribution and fluctuations of the electrolyte flowrate in each channel could influence the uniformity of the electrolyte flowrate among...