Charge exchange interactions on near-Earth proton radiation for orbit perturbation of high area-to-mass ratio objects

This novel concept expels neutral gas in the presence of geomagnetically-trapped protons in near-Earth orbit. The expelled neutral gas acts to induce charge exchange collisions with the geomagnetically-trapped protons and induce drag on objects which pass through it. The charge exchange collisions between the neutral gas and the geomagnetically-trapped protons create neutrals with similar kinetic energy that are not confined by the geomagnetic field. The charge exchange neutrals are able to collide with orbital objects and perturb their orbits. The delta-v applied by the charge exchange neutral flux is greatest on high area-to-mass objects. Numerical simulation shows charge exchange neutral impacts produce a delta-v on objects on the order of 3.8 x 10⁻¹¹ m/s at a distance of 1 km from the center of the expelled gas in a 1,000 km orbit. The impulse imparted by charge exchange neutral impacts is at least six orders of magnitude smaller than that provided by the induced drag caused by gas expulsion. The localized drag increase can force a majority of small objects into the orbit of the expelled gas cloud, even if that orbit is retrograde to the initial orbit of the objects. This new technique can be applied to the remediation of space debris.     

质子交换膜燃料电池驱动直流电机转速性能的动态仿真模型

燃料电池具有能量转化效率高、低噪声、低排放、稳定可靠等优点,被认为是继蒸汽机和内燃机之后的第三代动力系统.燃料电池已经成为无人机、轻型飞机的主动力,并用于大型客机的辅助动力装置.本文设计了应用质子交换膜燃料电池直接驱动直流电机和螺旋桨的方案,并利用Matlab/Simulink构建了仿真模型,模拟燃料电池的动态输出特性以及电动机的转速特性.该模型可以为燃料电池飞行器的研发提供参考数据.     

One-up on L1: Can X-rays provide longer advanced warning of solar wind flux enhancements than upstream monitors?

Observations of strong solar wind proton flux correlations with ROSAT X-ray rates along with high spectral resolution Chandra observations of X-rays from the dark Moon show that soft X-ray emission mirrors the behavior of the solar wind. In this paper, based on an analysis of an X-ray event observed by XMM-Newton resulting from charge exchange of high charge state solar wind ions and contemporaneous neutral solar wind data, we argue that X-ray observations may be able to provide reliable advance warning, perhaps by as much as half a day, of dramatic increases in solar wind flux at Earth. Like neutral atom imaging, this provides the capability to monitor the solar wind remotely rather than in situ.     

异质网上互操作—从数据交换到程序交换

对分布式计算和软件集成中的互操作性问题进行了讨论，叙述了遵循特定的标准解决互操作性的办法，比较几种常见的互操作标准，包括ＳＴＥＰ／ＳＤＡＩ，ＣＯＲＢＡ和Ｊａｖａ，描述了Ｊａｖａ语言出现后程序交换的新特点，并对互操作标准的现状作了评述。     

平行坐标可视化技术在固体火箭发动机优化设计中的应用

由于笛卡尔坐标系的制约,多变量分析及显示成为复杂固体火箭发动机设计优化的难点之一。将平行坐标可视化技术应用于固体火箭发动机设计优化过程,以高压强固体火箭发动机总体参数优化为例,针对不同优化阶段提出不同赋色原则,说明其在发动机设计优化辅助建模、优化过程监控和优化结果鲁棒性分析中的应用。研究结果表明,平行坐标可视化技术在处理固体火箭发动机设计优化多变量分析及显示问题上具有简单、直观等独特优势,易于工程应用。     

肋片参数对辐射器散热性能的影响研究

采用蒙特卡罗法计算等截面圆管直肋式辐射器的肋片和外管壁相互间的辐射换热,数值模拟了第一类换热边界条件下散热器的散热过程。分析了辐射器的肋片数、肋片高度、肋片厚度及管壁温度对肋片散热性能的影响。结果发现,在肋片质量一定的条件下肋片数及肋片高度均存在一优值,在该值附近肋片的散热效率最高,且该值受管壁温度的影响,温度越高该值越小;在肋片外形不变的条件下,增加肋片的厚度来提高辐射器的散热性能并不是经济的途径;肋片的散热效率随管壁温度的升高而减小,壁温较高时安装肋片的必要性降低。     

Visual Prolog的DDE机制研究

对Visual Prolog的DDE机制进行了研究.首先介绍了动态数据交换技术及其工作原理,简明概括了Visual Prolog的功能、特点以及在专家系统、规划和其它AI相关问题求解方面的优势,其次阐述了Visual Prolog的DDE机制,列出了Visual Prolog中18个DDE谓词和13个DDE事件,分别介绍了作为客户机时,一个典型的请求从其他应用程序输入数据的Visual Prolog程序的关键步骤和作为服务器时,一个典型的响应其他应用程序请求数据的Visual Prolog程序的关键步骤.最后给出了一个Visual Prolog DDE机制应用的实例.     

超精密偶件测量仪的误差运动综合数学模型

把超精密测量机床误差元素分为几何运动误差和热变形、接触变形等非刚体效应误差,利用齐次坐标变换方法结合测头与工件之间联结链的封闭特性,给出了超精密偶件测量仪几何和热误差以及探头和工件接触变形误差的综合数学模型.     

应用单张像片解析法实现测绘图像实时定位

 针对某大地测绘系统,根据空中探测器实际位置和姿态确定测绘图像的 6个外方位元素,结合摄像机的 3个内方位元素和选中点在图像上的位置,应用单张像片解析法,可以求得图像上任意点的地面坐标,最后经过变换给出该点的经纬度,解决了测绘图像实时定位问题。     

A new method of single celestial-body sun positioning based on theory of mechanisms

Considering defects of current single celestial-body positioning methods such as discon-tinuity and long period, a new sun positioning algorithm is herein put forward. Instead of tradi-tional astronomical spherical trigonometry and celestial coordinate system, the proposed new positioning algorithm is built by theory of mechanisms. Based on previously derived solar vector equations (from a C1R2P2 series mechanism), a further global positioning method is developed by inverse kinematics. The longitude and latitude coordinates expressed by Greenwich mean time (GMT) and solar vector in local coordinate system are formulated. Meanwhile, elimination method of multiple solutions, errors of longitude and latitude calculation are given. In addition, this algo-rithm has been integrated successfully into a mobile phone application to visualize sun positioning process. Results of theoretical verification and smart phone’s test demonstrate the validity of pre-sented coordinate’s expressions. Precision is shown as equivalent to current works and is acceptable to civil aviation requirement. This new method solves long-period problem in sun sight running fix-ing and improves applicability of sun positioning. Its methodology can inspire development of new sun positioning device. It would be more applicable to be combined with inertial navigation systems for overcoming discontinuity of celestial navigation systems and accumulative errors of inertial nav-igation systems.