基于独立性的民用飞机研制保证等级分配方法分析

介绍了为民用飞机/系统功能和软硬件分配研制保证等级的基本原则和降级原则,确定了实施研制保证过程严格度的方法,分析了功能独立性和项目研制独立性对研制保证等级分配的影响,给出了基于独立性的研制保证等级分配方法。举例说明了该方法的实施步骤和有效性。     

Thermal-structural analysis of regenerativelycooled thrust chamber wall in reusable LOX/Methane rocket engines

To predict the thermal and structural responses of the thrust chamber wall under cyclic work,a 3-D fluid-structural coupling computational methodology is developed.The thermal and mechanical loads are determined by a validated 3-D finite volume fluid-thermal coupling computational method.With the specified loads,the nonlinear thermal-structural finite element analysis is applied to obtaining the 3-D thermal and structural responses.The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model calibrated by experimental data is adopted to predict the cyclic plastic behavior of the inner wall.The methodology is further applied to the thrust chamber of LOX/Methane rocket engines.The results show that both the maximum temperature at hot run phase and the maximum circumferential residual strain of the inner wall appear at the convergent part of the chamber.Struc tural analysis for multiple work cycles reveals that the failure of the inner wall may be controlled by the low-cycle fatigue when the Chaboche model parameter γ3 =0,and the damage caused by the thermal-mechanical ratcheting of the inner wall cannot be ignored when γ3 ＞ 0.The results of sen sitivity analysis indicate that mechanical loads have a strong influence on the strains in the inner wall.     

突片作用下气膜冷却效率的试验研究

为了研究突片对气膜冷却的影响规律, 设计了3种不同堵塞比的等边三角形突片, 并对其对气膜冷却特性的影响规律进行了实验研究.研究结果表明, 与无突片的气膜冷却相比, 突片的存在提高了气膜冷却效果;冷却效率随吹风比的增加而增大, 且沿气流方向冷却效率存在一极大值;当吹风比M<1.5时, 冷却效率随吹风比的增加而增大;当M>1.5时, 冷却效率随吹风比的增加而减小.      

基于伴随非等温射流理论的缝槽气膜冷却模型

在伴随非等温射流基础上发展了一种适用于缝槽气膜冷却绝热温比预估的数学模型.通过合理假设推导出二维壁面射流混合层核心温度分布规律,将其作为气膜绝热壁温,并考虑缝槽几何特征参数和气膜吹风比对冷却效率的影响,得到绝热温比计算公式.用试验数据对该预估模型进行拟合分析,得到了与试验数据拟合精度在±8%以内的半经验预估模型,证明该模型的可行性和应用潜力,并需要更多的试验数据对其进行验证和改进.      

Operating characteristics of a high radius pre-swirl cooling system

An experimental investigation into pre-swirl effectiveness and receiver hole discharge coefficient characteristics for a high radius injection pre-swirl cooling systems was carried out on a physically representative experimental rig with a 450 mm diameter rotor.The receiver holes and pre-swirl nozzle were located at a radius of 181 mm and 180 mm respectively.The experimental work was mainly conducted at 5 000～12 000 r/min,4 bar absolute pressure and 1.132 kg/s air supply.The maximum air supply temperature was 190 ℃.Pressure and temperature distributions in the pre-swirl system were examined with an emphasis on the velocity effectiveness of the pre-swirl system as a whole and on the discharge coefficients of the rotating 'receiver holes' in the rotor.The results showed that the velocity effectiveness increased with increasing swirl ratio resulting in reduced blade cooling flow temperature.Different seal flow configurations caused very different effectiveness at different speeds,but outflow through the inner and outer seals always gave the highest effectiveness compared other configurations.Increasing the seal flow rate reduced the effectiveness.For the coefficient of discharge,except for the low speed range,it increased with increase in swirl ratio for most speeds.      

基于电阻法的工艺液位传感器测量系统及其校准装置的研制

介绍了一种基于电阻法的工艺液位传感器测量系统的设计与实现,该传感器测量系统包括利用液位传感器、点式液位传感器、耗尽关机液位传感器与剩余液位传感器及对应的变送器。设计了相应的半自动校准系统对传感器的精度进行标定,分析了测量结果的不确定度。经过测试,所有传感器各项指标均满足设计要求。该传感器的研制解决了现有容积计量及液压试验系统不能对贮箱各不同部位进行容积和高度监测的问题。     

多孔层板换热特性实验研究

本实验选取了一种典型结构的多孔层板作为研究对象 ,进行了换热特性实验研究。研究了改变冷热气流吹风比对该型层板冷却效果的影响。另外 ,对该型多孔层板的冷却效果沿中轴线顺气流方向的变化规律也作了深入的研究。并给出了层板局部 N ux 和冷却效果 E关于局部 Rex 及冷热气流吹风比 M的数学拟合表达式。     

气膜冷却叶片上扩散型冷却孔对紊流流场的影响

带有护散型冷却孔的气膜冷却叶版是新开发的结构，用于具有很市初始温度（1700℃）的氢气燃气轮机，名古屋工业大学流体机械实验室在日本首次对该结构的流场进行了研究。用垂直型和X型的热线测量了流场，获得了主流方向平均速度，紊流强度和雷诺剪应力，在沿下游方向和展向方向的平面里分别整理了实验数据，证实了扩散冷却孔对改善燃气轮机膜冷却紊流流场的效果。     

侧壁有出流孔的通道流场实验研究

用五孔探针对侧壁开有出流孔的通道流场进行了详细测量，着重研究出流孔上、下游截面内的流动规律,分析了错排孔对通道流场的影响。实验发现出流孔上游各截面内的流动沿流向呈加速趋势，其下游截面的流速先急剧减缓，然后逐渐加速直至下一出流。距孔最近的上游截面内气流明显向孔偏转，由于惯性作用，孔下游各截面内的二次流仍很显著。     

气、液组合膜流对壁面冷却效果的理论及试验研究

本文针对液膜及气膜组合流动的特点,提出了组合薄膜流动的“四层式流场物理模型”.根据所做简化、假设,对液膜区流场结构及冷却效果进行了理论计算,并通过分析方法,对其紧接的气膜段流动及冷却效果进行了理论预估.试验的结果表明:液膜段的理论计算与试验数据基本相符.并从试验中发现了液膜蒸干后气膜段冷却的一些特点.这对研究液体冷却时液膜及气膜组合流动的冷却效果提出了可行的途径.