碳粉燃料在火箭冲压发动机补燃室内燃烧特性的分析

采用概率密度函数(PDF)及确定轨道模型数值模拟一种环向进气的固体火箭冲压发动机补燃室气固两相流的掺混燃烧,考虑固体颗粒直径大小和补燃室长度对燃烧效率的影响。结果表明:增大固体颗粒直径,燃料的燃烧效率明显减小;增大补燃室长度,燃料的燃烧效率增大。     

突片作用下气膜冷却效率的试验研究

为了研究突片对气膜冷却的影响规律, 设计了3种不同堵塞比的等边三角形突片, 并对其对气膜冷却特性的影响规律进行了实验研究.研究结果表明, 与无突片的气膜冷却相比, 突片的存在提高了气膜冷却效果;冷却效率随吹风比的增加而增大, 且沿气流方向冷却效率存在一极大值;当吹风比M<1.5时, 冷却效率随吹风比的增加而增大;当M>1.5时, 冷却效率随吹风比的增加而减小.      

高陡度光学非球面高效制造的探讨

分析了计算机控制光学表面成形法、计算机控制应力盘抛光、磁流变抛光制造光学非球面元件的几项先进技术,探讨了光学元件的高速、高效加工,提出了高陡度光学非球面的固着磨料研磨加工。     

模型烧蚀对尾迹电子特性影响的计算和实验研究

 基于气动物理研究的需要,针对高焓风洞的来流特点,采用计算和实验相结合的方法研究聚丙烯烧蚀对尾迹电子密度的影响。结果表明：计算结果可以有效模拟实验状态,电子密度的模拟精度有很大提高,误差在一个量级内;聚丙烯烧蚀可以降低尾迹的电子密度,但幅度不大,在2倍左右,其与选择模型材料的催化特性降低幅度相当;对电弧风洞的成功改进和非稀薄流静电探针诊断技术的应用,是尾迹电子密度测试的前提保障。     

层次化的网络设计与实现

随着通信技术和计算机技术的发展,网络结构的选择直接影响着网络的运行效率、可靠性和网络安全.层次化网络设计在网络结构设计中比以往使用的非层次化网络设计有着很多优势,也是网络结构的设计趋势.     

高温铝合金电磁超声检测回波特性及因素分析

针对高温铝合金在线检测条件下,温度对铝合金电磁超声检测回波特性的影响规律尚不明确、高温检测时缺陷定量/定位补偿困难这一难题,以螺旋线圈电磁超声换能器（EMAT）为例,建立了高温铝合金EMAT检测过程的场路耦合有限元模型;研究了温度对EMAT激励/接收换能效率、EMAT激励/接收电路的功率分配特性、超声传播过程中的扩散/介质衰减特性、回波幅值和超声声速等因素的影响规律;研制了耐高温EMAT探头,对20~500℃高温铝合金试样进行了检测实验,并测定了高温铝合金的超声介质衰减系数和超声声速。在仿真和实验相结合的基础上,分析了高温检测时超声回波幅值变化特性及其影响因素。结果表明：对于铝合金这类非铁磁性金属材料,导致高温时超声回波幅值下降的主要原因是超声介质衰减系数随着温度的升高而增大,其次为高温时EMAT激励/接收电路的功率分配特性的改变。在激励EMAT在试样表面形成的洛伦兹力不变的条件下,其所激励的超声波回波幅值具有随着温度的增加而增加的特点,可以有效减缓超声回波幅值下降的趋势。     

基于热电偶反串的温升效率测量不确定度分析

针对轴流压气机气动性能试验中存在的低压比温升效率评估问题,构建了常规测温方法与反串测温方法测量的温升效率不确定度数学分析模型,并采用某单级压气机真实试验数据进行了两种测温方法不确定度的对比分析。结果表明：相比常规测温方法,反串测温方法不仅消除了热电偶冷端环境温度测量引入的不确定度,还大幅降低了进口温度测量引入的不确定度,使温升效率测量不确定度减小幅度在30%以上。     

Effect of protrusion amount on gas ingestion of radial rim seal

In this paper, the effect of different amount of protrusion on various parameters in rotor–stator system was experimentally studied by measuring CO₂ concentration and pressure, in order to obtain the optimal protrusion amount. The parameters of different dimensionless sealing flow were measured under the condition that the annulus Reynolds number was 4.39 × 10⁵ and the rotating Reynolds number was 1.05 × 10⁶. The results show that the change of the amount of protrusions has little effect on the static pressure in the cavity, and the static pressure change near the sealing ring is almost negligible. But the total pressure and sealing efficiency increase first and then decrease with the increase of the amount of protrusion. The variation of power consumption is the same. A complex vortex structure will appear at the high radius region when the protrusion is installed. On the other hand, the protrusion can effectively reduce the minimum sealing flow of the rotor–stator cavity. Furthermore, considering the sealing efficiency and power consumption, the best range of the protrusion amount is about 36. The ratio near this range can optimally balance the alleviation of the gas ingestion and the reduction of the power consumption.     

The Crab pulsar seen with AquEYE at Asiago Cima Ekar observatory

We are developing fast photon-counter instruments to study the rapid variability of astrophysical sources by time tagging photon arrival times with unprecedented accuracy, making use of a Rubidium clock and GPS receiver. The first realization of such optical photon-counters, dubbed AquEYE (the Asiago Quantum Eye), was mounted in 2008 at the 182 cm Copernicus Observatory in Asiago. AquEYE observed the Crab pulsar several times and collected data of extraordinary quality that allowed us to perform accurate optical timing of the Crab pulsar and to study the pulse shape stability on a timescale from days to years with an excellent definition. Our results reinforce the evidence for decadal stability of the inclination angle between the spin and magnetic axis of the Crab pulsar. Future realizations of our instrument will make use of the Galileo Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time signal.     

一种基于提高试卷质量的实证分析

本文在对一定数量期末试卷分析汇总的数据进行分类、整理的基础上,以描述统计的基本方法为基础,分析了内容效度、覆盖率、难度、区分度、成绩分布情况等指标,探讨了试卷分析中反映出的一些教与学双方的问题及其成因,并积极寻求解决之道,提出了相应的提高试卷质量的几点设想与建议.