Comparison of aerodynamic characteristics between a novel highly loaded injected blade with curvature induced pressure-recovery concept and one with conventional design

This paper introduces a novel design method of highly loaded compressor blades with air injection.CFD methods were firstly validated with existing data and then used to develop and investigate the new method based on a compressor cascade.A compressor blade is designed with a curvature induced pressure-recovery concept.A rapid drop of the local curvature on the blade suction surface results in a sudden increase in the local pressure,which is referred to as a curvature induced ‘Shock'.An injection slot downstream from the ‘Shock' is used to prevent ‘Shock' induced separation,thus reducing the loss.As a result,the compressor blade achieves high loading with acceptable loss.First,the design concept based on a 2D compressor blade profile is introduced.Then,a 3D cascade model is investigated with uniform air injection along the span.The effects of the incidence are also investigated on emphasis in the current study.The mid-span flow field of the 3D injected cascade shows excellent agreement with the 2D designed flow field.For the highly loaded cascade without injection,the flow separates immediately downstream from the ‘Shock';the initial location of separation shows little change in a large incidence range.Thus air injection with the same injection configuration effectively removes the flow separation downstream from the curvature induced ‘Shock' and reduces the size of the separation zone at different incidences.Near the endwall,the flow within the incoming passage vortex mixes with the injected flow.As a result,the size of the passage vortex reduces significantly downstream from the injection slot.After air injection,the loss coefficient along spanwise reduces significantly and the flow turning angle increases.     

槽式机匣槽宽变化对扩稳效果影响的试验与数值研究

 采用试验与数值手段研究周向凹槽槽宽变化对压气机性能的影响,在一亚声速转子上进行3种不同槽宽的周向槽处理机匣试验。试验结果表明3种不同槽宽的机匣处理都提高压气机的失速裕度,最小槽宽的扩稳效果最好,其他两宽槽次之。数值计算所获得总性能与试验结果符合良好。通过详细地分析凹槽槽宽变化对压气机顶部区域流场结构的影响,揭示了周向槽槽宽对压气机性能影响的流动机理。     

Numerical Investigation of Inlet Distortion on an Axial Flow Compressor Rotor with Circumferential Groove Casing Treatment

On the base of an assumed steady inlet circumferential total pressure distortion, three-dimensional time-dependent numerical simulations are conducted on an axial flow subsonic compressor rotor. The performances and flow fields of a compressor rotor, either casing treated or untreated, are investigated in detail either with or without inlet pressure distortion. Results show that the circumferential groove casing treatment can expand the operating range of the compressor rotor either with or without inlet pressure distortion at the expense of a drop in peak isentropic efficiency. The casing treatment is capable of weakening or even removing the tip leakage vortex effectively either with or without inlet distortion. In clean inlet circumstances, the enhancement and forward movement of tip leakage vortex cause the untreated compressor rotor to stall. By contrast, with circumferential groove casing, the serious flow separation on the suction surface leads to aerodynamic stalling eventually. In the presence of inlet pressure distortion, the blade loading changes from passage to passage as the distorted inflow sector is traversed. Similar to the clean inlet circumstances, with a smooth wall casing, the enhancement and forward movement of tip leakage vortex are still the main factors which lead to the compressor rotor stalling eventually. When the rotor works trader near stall conditions, the blockage resulting from the tip leakage vortex in all the passages is very serious. Especially in several passages, flow-spillage is observed. Compared to the clean inlet circumstances, circumferential groove casing treatment can also eliminate the low energy zone in the outer end wall region effectively.     

基于优化算法的压气机叶片气动设计

将数值最优化方法与叶轮机械正问题流场计算相结合,实现对风扇/压气机叶片积叠线、子午面流道和沿径向弦长分布组合的优化设计,数值最优化采用基于局域网的并行遗传算法.运用该软件对NASArotor67风扇转子进行重新设计,设计目标为设计点压比和流量不变、效率最高以及堵点流量不变.与原风扇转子比较,稳定工作流量范围略增大并且在整个工作流量范围内优化转子压比近于不变、效率提高约0.5个百分点.      

处理机匣/压气机非定常相互作用分析

实验研究了三个不同槽数圆弧斜槽处理机匣对压气机气动性能的影响,实验结果显示,只有当处理槽数确定的处理机匣/压气机非定常相互作用频率锁定在压气机分离绕流流场非定常特征频率附近时,处理机匣才能展示出满意的扩稳能力.实验利用25孔总压耙测量压气机静子出口S3流面总压流场结构,测量结果表明,处理机匣/压气机非定常相互作用不但大幅度改善了压气机分离绕流流场结构,还影响了压气机总压升径向分布.      

具有不同翼刀的压气机叶栅二次流结构分析

给出了具有端壁翼刀、吸力面翼刀和组合翼刀的可控扩散叶型(CDA)压气机叶栅的二次流结构简图.端壁翼刀和吸力面翼刀分别通过阻断端壁横向流动和展向流动来对栅内二次流进行控制,不同程度上可使叶栅总损失得到降低;组合翼刀叶栅兼顾了端壁翼刀、吸力面翼刀叶栅中二次流的特点;最佳组合翼刀并不是最佳端壁翼刀和最佳吸力面翼刀的简单组合,它需要一个更详细的优化过程.不同翼刀在不同程度上改善栅内流动状况的同时,也伴随着端壁翼刀涡、吸力面翼刀涡和类通道涡的形成和发展,这使栅内旋涡结构较常规叶栅更为复杂.      

进气畸变对低速轴流压气机失速特性的影响

利用插板扰流器模拟压气机进口畸变流场,并深入分析了此畸变流场对某单级低速轴流压气机的旋转失速特性的影响.通过对压气机性能瞬时响应、失速扰动信号的发展和失速扰动信号的频谱特性的分析,探讨了进气总压畸变对压气机失速形式、失速强度、失速频率的影响.在畸变区形成的失速扰动将经历形成、发展、衰减甚至消失这一发展过程,只有当阻尼不足以阻止失速扰动的发展和周向传播时,压气机才会进入旋转失速状态,从而影响了压气机失速特性.      

某型发动机压气机第1级整流叶片疲劳试验研究

对某型发动机压气机第1级整流叶片进行了疲劳试验研究.确定了圆柱形榫头叶片的试验装夹方式,进行了2种工艺叶片振动疲劳强度试验的对比,根据对比结果,优化了加工工艺,进行了首批研制检验.对计算和试验结果进行了分析.     

An improved prediction model for corner stall in axial compressors with dihedral effect

Corner stall predictions are important and difficult in axial compressors. However, all of the prediction models have proved to be ineffective for advanced compressor blades, which tend to use the combined sweep and dihedral. As for the prediction parameter DL, although it effectively modeled the effects of the adverse pressure gradient and secondary flow, it failed to predict the corner stall of curved blades because the model failed to consider the intersection of the boundary layer at the corner region. In this paper, the shape factor gradient Ψ of the boundary layer at the corner region was investigated by numerically studying specially shaped expansion pipes under different adverse pressure gradients. The improved prediction parameter DJ was presented based on the model of Ψ and the circumferential pressure gradient ξ. A comparison of the critical range of the prediction parameters DL and DJ was investigated using the NACA65 cascade database, which was established by a numerical method. Then, the stall criterion was validated according to the experimental results of various test facilities with different blade geometries and experimental conditions. The results show that the improved prediction parameter is able to predict the corner separation/stall flows and is in good agreement with the experimental results for axial compressors with three-dimensional designed blades.     

Influence of SPS casing treatment on axial flow compressor subjected to radial pressure distortion

The present work is about the stall margin enhancement ability of a kind of stall precursor-suppressed (SPS) casing treatment when fan/compressor suffers from a radial total pres-sure inlet distortion. Experimental researches are conducted on a low-speed compressor with and without SPS casing treatment under radial distorted inlet flow of different levels as well as uniform inlet flow. The distorted flow fields of different levels are generated by annular distortion flow gen-erators of different heights. The characteristic curves under these conditions are measured and ana-lyzed. The results show that the radial inlet distortion could cause a stall margin loss from 2% to 30% under different distorted levels. The SPS casing treatment could remedy this stall margin loss under small distortion level and only partly make up the stall margin loss caused by distortion in large level without leading to perceptible additional efficiency loss and obvious change of charac-teristic curves. The pre-stall behavior of the compressor is investigated to reveal the mechanism of this stall margin improvement ability of the SPS casing treatment. The results do show that this casing treatment delays the occurrence of rotating stall by weakening the pressure perturbations and suppressing the nonlinear amplification of the stall precursor waves in the compression system.