多级环境下轴流压气机反方法改型设计

基于全三维黏性流场求解,对多级轴流压气机叶片反方法改型设计技术进行了研究。介绍了所采用的数值求解方法,之后阐述了压气机叶片反方法设计的基本原理和流程。为验证方法的有效性,对某型高压压气机后四级初始设计结果进行了数值模拟和反方法改型设计,基于对数值结果的分析提出了多级环境下叶片表面载荷分布调整的具体方法。反方法改型设计结果表明,通过合理调整多个叶片表面载荷分布,提升了四级压气机整体气动性能。设计点绝热效率基本保持不变,压比提高6.57%。      

Influence of coupled boundary layer suction and bowed blade on flow field and performance of a diffusion cascade

Based on the investigation of mid-span local boundary layer suction and positive bowed cascade, a coupled local tailored boundary layer suction and positive bowed blade method is developed to improve the performance of a highly loaded diffusion cascade with less suction slot. The effectiveness of the coupled method under different inlet boundary layers is also investigated.Results show that mid-span local boundary layer suction can effectively remove trailing edge separation, but deteriorate the flow fields near the endwall. The positive bowed cascade is beneficial for reducing open corner separation, but is detrimental to mid-span flow fields. The coupled method can further improve the performance and flow field of the cascade. The mid-span trailing edge separation and open corner separation are eliminated. Compared with linear cascade with suction, the coupled method reduces overall loss of the cascade by 31.4% at most. The mid-span loss of the cascade decreases as the suction coefficient increases, but increases as bow angle increases. The endwall loss increases as the suction coefficient increases. By contrast, the endwall loss decreases significantly as the bow angle increases. The endwall loss of coupled controlled cascade is higher than that of bowed cascade with the same bow angle because of the spanwise inverse ‘‘C" shaped static pressure distribution. Under different inlet boundary layer conditions, the coupled method can also improve the cascade effectively.     

非均匀栅距对压气机叶片非定常气动力的影响

研究了轴流压气机叶片采用非均匀栅距对叶片非定常力影响的问题,利用高分辨率格式求解准三维雷诺平均N-S方程。非定常流场计算采用了双时间步法与LU-SGS隐式解法耦合的方法。研究了带进口导叶的单级三排叶栅非定常流动,其中动叶栅距不变,而导叶和静叶采用非均匀栅距。对不同结构的计算分析表明,在导叶和静叶采用一定的非均匀栅距组合型式后,在保证压气机级的性能变化不大的同时,动叶表面所受非定常气动力的状况得到改善,这将有助于提高动叶片的疲劳寿命。     

孔隙射流对高负荷压气机叶栅气动性能影响的实验研究(英文)

对应用射流孔的高负荷压气机直叶栅进行了实验研究,着重研究了孔隙射流对削弱尾缘附近流动分离和损失的效果。实验包括八种叶栅方案,采用五孔探针测量出口速度和压力分布。同时给出吸力面墨迹流动显示和端壁静压分布。结果表明,孔隙射流对端壁静压的影响很小,叶栅中部损失明显降低,最佳开孔位置位于25%叶高处,相对损失最大降低5.5%。     

低雷诺数下跨声速压气机转子失速工况时流动失稳触发过程研究

采用非定常数值方法模拟了低雷诺数条件下NASA Rotor 37跨声速压气机转子内部流动失稳机制.结果表明,随着压气机失速工况的推进,附面层径向涡不断扩大和增强,由附面层径向涡引发的叶顶附面层分离阻塞区不断向叶片前缘移动,直至与叶顶压力面前缘附近由激波和间隙泄漏流诱发的阻塞区相结合,使叶顶通道来流完全被阻塞,最终触发压气机流动失稳.      

加温加压压气机试车台在发动机研制中的作用

航空发动机关键部件试验研究是航空发动机研制工作中的重要一环.本文简要概括了航空发动机三大部件之一的压气机部件在研制中须开展的试验研究工作,介绍了国内外压气机部件试验研究现状,分析了加温加压压气机试验器在压气机部件研制中的地位和作用,最后介绍了中国燃气涡轮研究院加温加压压气机试验器建设的设想.     

轴流压气机对周向总压畸变非定常响应的数值模拟

基于给定的进气周向总压畸变谱,应用非定常三维时间精确数值计算的方法,研究了NWPU-1轴流压气机转子对周向总压畸变的响应,初步揭示了其在进气周向总压畸变条件下的失速机理.结果表明,在84%设计转速,进气周向总压畸变使转子性能明显下降,其失速点流量增加了4.1%,效率下降了0.5%.进气周向总压畸变引起侧流,导致叶片负荷的变化,部分叶片的负荷过重,叶顶间隙泄漏涡几乎堵塞了整个通道,某些叶片的前缘出现溢流,最终导致压气机转子失速.      

变轴向间隙下压气机近失速工况时弯曲静叶改善流场的实验研究(英文)

The outlet flow fields of a low-speed repeating-stage compressor with bowed stator stages are measured with five-hole probe under the near stall condition when the rotor/stator axial gap varies. The performances of the straight stator stages are investigated and compared to those of the bowed stator stages. The results show that using bowed stator stages could alleviate the flow separation at both upper and low corners of the suction surface and the endwalls, and decrease the losses along the flow passage as well as the outlet flow angle. As the rotor/stator axial gap decreases, although the diffusion capacity of the compressor increases obviously, the outlet flow field in the straight stator stages deteriorates quickly. By contrast, little changes occur in the bowed stator stages, indicating that as the rotor/stator axial gap decreases, improved performance is achieved in the bowed stator stages.     

某小型高速离心叶轮的优化设计

针对某小型高速离心压气机叶轮的叶片厚度和子午流道线形进行改形,并利用商用软件Fine/Turbo对改形后的叶轮进行全三维数值计算.计算结果表明:经过优化的叶轮在设计点绝热效率提高2.4%,并且具有较高的稳定裕度.另外,将径流式叶轮改叶轮为斜流式可以减少叶轮出口区域的气流分离,但以降低其扩压能力为代价.      

动叶弯和掠对压气机效率非定常波动的影响

对一单级跨声压气机设计工况下采用了3种弯、掠动叶后的非定常流场分别进行了数值模拟,分析了动叶弯、掠对级效率非定常波动的影响.研究结果表明:非定常计算条件下,动叶弯、掠后的压气机效率仍然获得大幅提高,并且效率的波动幅值同原型压气机相比明显降低,同时动叶改型前后的效率和压比的非定常波动曲线的相位发生了偏差;弯、掠动叶降低了压气机顶部和根部的分离损失,也使根部和顶部的效率波动显著降低.