民用飞机复合材料C型框分析方法研究

以层压板理论为基础,提出一种复合材料C型框结构的工程分析方法,并通过试验给出了C型框结构设计许用值。通过工程分析结果与试验结果的对比,说明此工程分析方法可用于指导C型框结构设计。     

Prediction of horizontal gas–solid flows under different gravitational fields

In this paper the performance of horizontal pneumatic conveying under different gravity environments is evaluated. An Euler–Lagrange approach validated versus ground experiments is employed to predict the relevant particle variables such as particle mass flux, mean conveying and fluctuating velocities in terrestrial, lunar and micro-gravity conditions. Gravity reduced computations predict a reduction in the global particle–wall collision frequency. Also, in the case of low wall roughness and small particle mass loading, reduction of gravity acceleration implies an increase of particle–wall collision frequency with the upper wall of the channel affecting greatly the particle mass flux profile. In the case of high wall roughness and/or high particle-to-fluid mass loading (i.e., around 1.0) particle conveying characteristics are similar in the three gravity conditions evaluated. This is due to the fact that both, wall roughness and inter-particle collisions reduce gravitational settling. However, the influence of gravity on the additional pressure loss along the channel due to the conveying of the particles is much reduced.     

星光折射连续修正方法及制导规划

针对星光折射模型本身固有的缺点，对星光折射连续修正方法进行了研究，该方法首先探索折射星的分布规律，而后采用Unscented卡尔曼滤波算法+多星连续观测的方案实现定位。同时，对可用星与选星要素和基于突防规划的星光制导弹道设计两方面进行了研究，在星光制导制约机理研究的基础上，提出了惯性/星光制导规划方法，该方法包括导航星的优选策略、导航星优选技术和星点位置的精确计算3步。最后，介绍了星光制导系统的系统组成和功能原理。     

Precise coseismic displacements from the GPS variometric approach using different precise products: Application to the 2008 MW 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake

The Global Positioning System (GPS) variometric approach has emerged as an attractive alternative to traditional well-developed positioning techniques including relative positioning and precise point positioning. Previous studies have demonstrated the capability of the variometric approach to retrieve coseismic displacements at centimeter-level precision, in a real-time manner using only readily available broadcast ephemeris. This study presents the first results comparing the performance of the variometric approach by using a variety of precise satellite orbit and clock products. Totally six kinds of products are included in our evaluation, namely the broadcast, IGS (International GNSS Service) ultra-rapid (predicted), ultra-rapid (observed), rapid, final (30-s clock) and CODE (Center for Orbit Determination in Europe) final (5-s clock) products. Static and dynamic experiments are conducted using 1-Hz GPS data covering a relatively large area in China during the 2008 Wenchuan M_W 7.9 earthquake. After removing the linear trend, the displacements using broadcast, ultra-rapid (predicted), ultra-rapid (observed) and rapid products reach nearly equivalent precisions at centimeter level. By using final and CODE final products, the precision of displacements can be significantly improved from 1.9–2.0 cm to 0.4–0.7 cm horizontally, and from 6.0–6.2 cm to 1.0–1.7 cm vertically for the dynamic experiments. The displacements using the CODE final products achieve the best precision, improved by more than 40% compared to those using the IGS final products. With the availability of IGS high-rate real-time precise products, this approach is promising to capture coseismic displacements more precisely in real time, which is crucial for earthquake and tsunami early warning.     

Spatial modeling of flood probability using geo-environmental variables and machine learning models,case study: Tajan watershed,Iran

The main objective of this study was to produce flood susceptibility maps for Tajan watershed, Sari, Iran using three machine learning (ML) models including Self-Organization Map (SOM), Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN), and Multi-layers Perceptron (MLP). To reach such a goal, different physical-geographical factors (criteria) were integrated and mapped. 212 flood inventory map was randomly divided into training and testing datasets, where 148 flood locations (70%) were used for training and the remaining 64 locations (30%) were employed for testing. Model validation was performed using several statistical indices and the area under the curve (AUC). The results of the correlation matrix showed, three factors slope (0.277), distance from river (0.263), and altitude (0.223) were the most important factors affecting flood. The accuracy evaluation of the flood susceptibility maps through the AUC method and K-index shows that in the validation phase RBFNN (AUC = 0.90) outperform the MLP (AUC = 0.839) and SOM (AUC = 0.882) models. The highest percentage flood susceptibility of the area in MLP, SOM and RBFNN models is related to moderate (28.7%), very low (40%) and low (37%), respectively. Also, the validation results of the models using the Relative Flood Density (RFD) approach showed that very high class had the highest RFD value.     

月面无人自主采样返回任务动力下降点确定及验证

动力下降点确定是实施月面软着陆的重要环节，是多系统间复杂迭代的过程，涉及轨道设计、制导律设计、着陆目标的采样区确定、着陆及起飞安全分析。其设计结果直接影响了最终着陆点的位置和着陆过程的着陆安全，也间接影响采样安全和采样工程目标的实现结果。针对嫦娥五号在实施月面软着陆前确定动力下降点的任务需求，提出了通过多次轨道控制与最优标称制导轨迹搜索联合控制策略的动力下降点确定方法。首先，根据月面无人自主采样返回任务设计总结了动力下降点确定原理和约束条件；然后，详细论述了月面无人自主采样返回任务软着陆过程动力下降点确定方法；最后，通过嫦娥五号在着陆前主要的几次轨控实施结果分析了其对动力下降点的影响，同时综合了着陆区地形分析及着陆、起飞安全性分析，对动力下降点进行确定并根据最终在轨飞行结果进行验证。验证结果表明，基于“逐次逼近寻优方法”的月面软着陆环节动力下降点的确定方法有效，可以为后续地外天体软着陆等任务提供参考和借鉴。     

基于一类含极少运动副四支链两转一移三自由度并联机构的五轴混联机器人

首先提出了一类含较少运动副四支链两转一移三自由度（2R1T）并联机构（PMs）2RPU-UPR-RPR和2UPR-RPU-RPR，然后提出了极限约束力螺旋系的概念，分析四支链2R1T并联机构末端的极限约束力螺旋系，对所提出的四支链2R1T并联机构是否同类机构中含运动副最少进行了论证。基于提出的四支链并联机构构造了一种五自由度混联机器人机构，建立了2-RPU-UPR-RPR并联机构的位置反解模型，并将其等效成一个三自由度串联机构RPR，进而对整个混联机器人机构进行了位置正反解分析，建立得到了混联机器人机构位置反解的显式解析表达式，并用加工球面轨迹的算例对所建运动学模型的正确性进行验证。提出的五自由度混联机器人含有极少的运动副，且所有转动自由度均具有连续转轴，能够得到解析的位置模型表达式，很容易实现轨迹规划与运动控制，具有良好的应用前景。     

国外舰载飞机着舰进近适配性评估技术研究

通过对国外舰载飞机在着舰进近下滑中的操纵需求分析,提出舰载飞机着舰进近适配性的评估要求。在评估要求的基础上针对飞机在进近适配性方面相关的特性给出相应的飞行试验方法和分析方法,初步建立舰载飞机着舰进近适配性评估技术和方法。     

On the modular approach of a 3D model of the system magnetosheath–magnetosphere

This article presents some preliminary features of a new self consistent model of the system magnetosheath–magnetosphere, recently developed in the Institute of Mechanics, Sofia, Bulgaria. The flow in the magnetosheath is governed by 3D ideal gas-dynamic equations. The positions and the shapes of the bow shock and the magnetopause are calculated iteratively as a part of the solution. These surfaces are essentially three-dimensional (generally non-axially-symmetric). The self-consistency between the regions is ensured via the boundary conditions. The magnetopause cusp indentations are formed, influencing essentially the magnetosheath flow. Prediction of the position and the shape of the bow shock for different values of the sonic Mach number are derived. Distribution of some flow parameters in the magnetosheath is presented. 3D numerical finite element model, calculating the field due to the magnetopause currents for an arbitrary magnetopause geometry, is used in the magnetosphere. The fields due to the current systems inside the magnetosphere(cross-tail current, ring current, and Birkeland current) are taken from the Tsyganenko empirical model. The magnetopause surface is calculated from the requirement the outside gas-dynamic pressure to be balanced by the magnetic pressure inside. The magnetosphere model can be viewed as an improved version of the empirical model but with more realistic magnetopause form and shielding field. Not a final but a beta version is used in this approach. The final model version as well the model details will be presented elsewhere.     

论建设学习型党组织的必要性与方法途径

建设学习型党组织是党的十七届四中全会提出的重大任务和党建的战略举措。本文阐述了建设学习型党组织的重要性和紧迫性,从六个方面剖析了建设学习型党组织的内涵,并提出了建设学习型党组织的方法和途径。