Modified micro-mechanics based multiscale model for progressive failure prediction of 2D twill woven composites

To consider fiber random distribution at the microscale for the multiscale model based on the micro-mechanics failure (MMF) theory, clustering method is used for the extraction of amplification factors. As the clustering method is a kind of unsupervised machine learning method, the elements with similar mechanical behavior under external loading can be included in a cluster automatically at the microscale. With this modification, the fiber random distribution model can be used for multiscale damage analysis in the framework of MMF theory. To validate the modified multiscale analysis method, progressive damage analysis of a kind of 2D twill woven composites is conducted based on different microscale models. The stress values for microscale models with fiber hexagonal and random distribution patterns are compared first. Much higher stress concentration is generated in the fiber random distribution model due to the smaller inter-fiber distance especially under longitudinal shear loading. The obtained cluster distribution results exhibit the characters of the stress distribution in the two microscale models. Thereafter, tensile and compressive responses of the 2D twill woven composite are predicted with the modified multiscale analysis method and accuracy of the method is verified through comparison with published experimental results. From the simulation results, it can be found that the matrix damage initiation from the model based on the fiber random distribution model is premature compared with that from the model based on the fiber hexagonal distribution model. Besides, under tensile loading, the damage all initiates from the fill tows and propagates to the wrap tows. However, under compressive loading, the matrix damage initiates from the wrap tows in the model based on the fiber random distribution model.     

氦气涡轮转子系统整体数值仿真研究

针对氦气涡轮转子系统中各构件复杂的非线性接触关系及结构强度问题,采用Pro/E建模软件对氦气轮机转子系统进行了3维实体造型,并利用ANSYS软件进行了数值仿真强度分析。真实模拟了涡轮转子在4种工况下的应力分布以及变形趋势。结果表明:除接触应力和开孔处应力较大外,在转子轴系整体强度计算中,各级轮盘盘心处应力较大。根据各工况下的计算结果比较分析得出,离心力对盘心处的应力影响最大,对温度场的影响次之。     

适用于软体冲击动位移测量的磁敏检测系统

介绍了一种适用于诸如飞行器鸟撞实验的软体冲击动位移检测系统，提出了用霍尔磁敏器件为位移传感元件，新型线性补偿电路为中间处理环节的高频动位移非接触式测量方法。这一测试系统被用于某型号飞行嚣雷达罩的鸟撞实验位移测量中，效果十分理想。     

折叠式群伞充气接触的膜索非线性有限元算法

降落伞由折叠到打开的充气过程和多束降落伞捆绑在一起充气的过程都伴随着一个高度非线性的柔性结构接触问题,因此模拟降落伞群伞流固耦合问题必须首先解决降落伞群伞非线性结构接触的数值模拟问题。对于降落伞这类柔性瞬变非线性织物结构,数值模拟织物系统的接触现象以及预测接触结果对降落伞工作状况的影响对于降落伞群伞设计具有很重要的指导意义。基于三维降落伞膜索非线性有限元编程模拟技术设计了一种针对单伞和群伞非线性动力系统的接触搜索算法,推导设计了针对接触随机性的接触切线刚度矩阵计算方法。针对降落伞群伞非线性有限元计算的庞大数值计算量,设计编写了一种基于消息传递接口(MPI)通信协议的膜索结构并行接触模拟FORTRAN程序,测试了该数值模拟程序的并行计算效率。针对高度折叠的C-9降落伞群伞充气问题,使用PC-Cluster计算机群进行了数值仿真模拟,验证了该接触非线性有限元程序的计算效果,预测了C-9降落伞群伞的接触过程,并分析接触现象对降落伞群伞充气工作的影响。     

弧齿锥齿轮印痕稳定性优化设计与试验

为了改善弧齿锥齿轮印痕的稳定性,提出了印痕敏感性系数的优化设计方法.首先,参数化齿面印痕,并分析等效错位量对印痕参数的影响;定义了印痕参数相对于错位量的敏感性系数,建立基于印痕面积和印痕水平位置的敏感性系数之和最小的数学模型,优化小轮机床调整参数,获得具有稳定印痕的齿面.算例的仿真结果表明:在一定的错位量范围内,优化后齿面印痕的敏感性系数之和减小了,改善了印痕的敏感性;印痕发展试验验证了齿面印痕在实际工况下的稳定性.      

Visualization Experiments of a Specific Fuel Flow Through Quartz-glass Tubes Under both Sub- and Supercritical Conditions

The present work is a visualization study of a typical kerosene (RP-3) flowing through vertical and horizontal quartz-glass tubes under both suband supercritical conditions by a high speed camera. The experiments are accomplished at temperatures of 300-730 K under pressures from 0.107-5 MPa. Six distinctive two-phase flow patterns are observed in upward flow and the critical point of RP-3 is identified as critical pressure pc=2.33 MPa and critical temperature Tc=645.04 K and it is found that when the fluid pressure exceeds 2.33 MPa the flow can be considered as a single phase flow. The critical opalescence phenomenon of RP-3 is observed when the temperature is between 643.16 K and 648.61 K and the pressure is between 2.308 MPa and 2.366 MPa. The region filled by the critical opalescence in the upward flow is clearly larger than that in the downward flow due to the interaction between the buoyancy force and fluid inertia. Morecover, obvious layered flow phenomenon is observed in horizontal flow under supercritical pressures due to the differences of gravity and density.     

装配偏置误差对正交面齿轮传动接触特性的影响

 分析装配误差对正交面齿轮传动的影响是开展面齿轮传动工程应用的重要基础理论之一。为了分析装配偏置误差对正交面齿轮传动接触特性的影响,建立了考虑装配偏置误差影响的点接触正交面齿轮传动坐标系;推导了正交面齿轮齿廓和过渡曲面方程以及考虑装配偏置误差影响的接触点方程,分析了装配偏置误差对传动中正交面齿轮上接触点位置的影响;根据曲面上任意点处主方向和主曲率的求解方法,分析了装配偏置误差对接触点处主曲率的影响;利用布希涅斯克问题的解法,推导了传动中正交面齿轮上接触点处接触特性方程,分析了装配偏置误差对正交面齿轮上接触点处接触特性的影响。     

基于弹流润滑理论的深沟球轴承动态虚拟仿真

润滑油膜对轴承的胶合、擦伤和接触疲劳有重要影响.而以往对轴承的仿真均忽略了润滑油膜的存在,误差较大.首先在刚性套圈假设的前提下,基于Hertz接触理论,运用拟动力学法建立球轴承在径向、轴向载荷作用下的力学模型,以Newton-Raphson法为主要计算工具对模型进行求解,获得轴承在联合载荷作用下的接触载荷和变形,并求取了各个滚珠与内、外圈之间的接触刚度.基于弹性流体动力润滑(EHL)理论考虑润滑油膜对轴承动态特性的影响,求取滚动轴承油膜刚度.提出等效综合刚度的概念并求其值,在此基础上运用ADAMS软件对轴承进行准确的动力学仿真.      

周向弹簧力分布对圆周密封装置密封性能的影响

为了研究周向弹簧力分布形式对密封装置密封性能的影响,针对周向弹簧建立力学模型,分析周向弹簧力不均匀分布形式产生的原因,并对其不均匀分布的临界范围进行预测分析,建立泄漏预测模型对密封结构的密封性能进行研究。首先对密封装置主要结构进行受力分析,研究周向弹簧不均匀加载对密封结构变形的影响,再结合ANSYS软件对圆周密封装置主要部件进行结构-热耦合仿真计算,进而通过仿真分析验证理论分析的合理性。仿真结果表明：不均匀周向弹簧力产生的附加力矩使得密封环翘曲变形,主密封面径向接触间隙最大位置出现在密封环的接头区域;相比弹簧力分布均匀条件,当弹簧力分布形式的不均匀程度处于临界范围内时,接触间隙增加了24.52%,气体泄漏量增加了7.99%;当弹簧力分布形式的不均匀程度处于临界范围外时,接触间隙值呈倍数增加,气体泄漏量增加一个数量级。综上,周向弹簧力不均匀分布导致主密封面接触间隙值增加、密封结构气体泄漏量增加、密封装置密封性能下降。周向弹簧力的不均匀分布对密封装置的密封性能有较为严重的影响,在实际工程应用中应尽可能保证周向弹簧的不均匀分布程度处于临界范围内,避免由于弹簧卡滞使得密封结构密封性能下降。     

接触面积和流向涡对波瓣混合器引射比的影响

通过对波瓣混合器的数值计算,研究了接触面积和流向涡对波瓣混合器引射比的影响.计算结果表明:主次流的接触面积越大,波瓣混合器的引射性能就越好,引射比随波瓣周长比的增加而线性递增.同时,流向涡的强度越大,波瓣混合器的引射比也越大,引射比随量纲一流向涡强度的增加而先快后慢增加,两者之间是指数的关系.当波瓣张角未导致气流分离时,主喷管出口的流向涡角动能随波瓣张角的增加而先慢后快增加,两者之间是抛物线的关系.而且,波瓣张角的增大不仅可以增加流向涡的涡量,还可以扩大流向涡的分布区域.