较小功率脉冲YAG激光填丝焊接技术的研究

介绍了利用较小功率脉冲YAG激光做热导焊接的激光填丝焊接技术;并讨论了微型结构件的激光 填丝焊接方法;给出了利用脉冲YAG激光做微型结构件的激光填丝焊接的较佳焊接工艺。     

The structure of the solar cycle maximum phase in the galactic cosmic ray 11-year variation

Two phenomena connected with the maximum phase of the 11-year solar cycle in the galactic cosmic ray intensity – the change in the energy dependence of the intensity variations and the double-peak structure in the intensity modulation time profile – are considered for the last five solar cycles (Nos. 19–23). The distinct 22-year cycle in the magnitude of the so called energy hysteresis is observed.The periods of the solar cycle maximum phase in the galactic cosmic ray intensity, characterized by the specific energy dependence of the intensity, are estimated. It is found that the double-peak structures belonging to the solar cycle maximum phase and those around it are very similar both in the amplitude and in its energy dependence.     

圆锥螺纹塞规测量方法综述

随着现代工业的发展,对圆锥螺纹塞规的加工精度提出了更高的要求,如何提高圆锥螺纹塞规的测量准确度成为必须解决的重要课题.本文以接触式测量和非接触式测量分类方法为例,对比分析了国、内外现有的多种圆锥螺纹塞规基面中径测量方法及研究现状,认为利用CCD作为螺纹几何要素探测器件的视觉检测技术将是未来的发展趋势,随着模式识别、图像处理等相关技术的进步,随着机器视觉技术自身的成熟和发展,视觉检测技术将得到更为广泛的应用.     

Dynamic Analysis of Contact Bounce of Aerospace Relay Based on Finite Difference Method

Contact bounce of relay, which is the main cause of electric abrasion and material erosion, is inevitable. By using the mode expansion form, the dynamic behavior of two different reed systems for aerospace relays is analyzed. The dynamic model uses Euler-Bernoulli beam theory for cantilever beam, in which the driving force (or driving moment) of the electromagnetic system is taken into account, and the contact force between moving contact and stationary contact is simulated by the Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic contact model. Analytical results have been complemented by the finite difference calculation of the nonlinear partial differential equations of reed system. The calculation results indicate that with the driving force (or driving moment) being increased, the closing time of contact is decreased, but the maximum bouncing displacement and bouncing time tend to be decreased first and then increased, which means that there are minimum values of maximum bouncing displacement and bouncing time. The closing time of contact, the maximum bouncing displacement, and bouncing time all tend to be decreasing with the pushrod being approaching the contact. The model can be used as design tool to improve relay performance and reduce contact bounce.     

Effects of Contact Resistance on Heat Transfer Behaviors of Fibrous Insulation

In this article, a numerical model combining conduction and radiation is developed based on two flux approximation to predict the heat transfer behavior of fibrous insulation used in thermal protection systems. Monte Carlo method is utilized to determine the modified radiative properties with experimentally measured transient external temperature as high as 1 000 K. It is found that the estimated radiative properties become time-independent after about t = 3 000 s. By comparing the predicted to the measured results in transient state, the contact resistance exerts significant influences upon the temperature distribution in the specimen. Results show that the averaged absolute deviation is 3.25% when contact resistance is neglected in heat transfer model, while 1.82% with no contact resistance.     

含三维接触问题的机翼下壁板翼肋对接孔结构断裂特性研究

飞机对接孔结构的损伤是飞机和许多工程结构中存在的一种典型损伤形式,它严重影响着结构的完整性和使用安全。因此,研究对接孔结构的断裂特性,具有重要的工程意义和实用价值。主要通过创建三维接触来考虑螺栓与螺栓孔间、垫片与下壁板内壁间的接触问题,应用有限元素法,建立合理的计算模型,计算翼肋对接孔结构在多种开裂模式下的应力强度因子,通过大量的计算分析,总结了机翼翼肋对接孔结构的断裂特性规律。计算结果和结论可作为该类结构损伤容限设计的参考依据。     

基于特征模型的失效航天器消旋控制

失效航天器一般有复杂的运动和较大的角速度,采用机械臂直接抓捕目标容易导致非预期碰撞,如果先采用接触式消旋操作降低目标角速度,会大大降低服务卫星抓捕目标的难度。针对空间翻滚非合作目标的接触式消旋控制存在接触动力学模型不确定性的问题,提出了一种基于特征模型的自适应控制方法。首先通过接触式消旋的物理机理分析,建立消旋系统动力学模型;进一步在动力学特性分析基础上构建描述接触碰撞后目标角速度的特征模型,并确定模型参数范围;然后基于该模型设计黄金分割自适应控制律。仿真结果表明,该方法有效克服了消旋过程中接触碰撞模型存在的不确定性,并且消旋速度快且消旋后的残余角速度小。     

电动伺服舵系统动力学建模及颤振分析

舵机动力学对舵系统颤振有最直接影响,其动力学模型的准确建立是颤振分析的关键。以某电动伺服舵系统为对象,分别建立了电机、减速器及控制回路模型。基于其地面振动试验（GVT）数据特征,考虑了减速器中零部件间隙及滚珠丝杠间接触刚度2类非线性因素。动力学仿真结果复现了试验现象,证明了接触刚度和间隙对该伺服舵系统动力学特征的主导作用。在颤振分析中,对比了接触刚度和常数刚度2种假设下,舵机在不同阶跃角指令下的舵偏角响应。发现常数刚度下舵系统仅存在极限环（LCO）和失稳2个域,临界速度不会随间隙大小而变化;而接触刚度下存在稳定、LCO和失稳3个域,且相同风速下,其临界指令角较常数刚度假设更高,但其临界速度却会随间隙增大而减小,甚至小于常数刚度假设,应引起足够重视。      

新型变截面同心筒发射装置及其热环境气动原理研究

为了更好地改善同心筒导弹垂直发射装置工作时导弹所面临的热环境,分析了影响筒口处燃气温度的因素和出口燃气温度降低过程中的气体动力学原理,并首次从能量守恒的角度分析了以前科研人员在降低出口燃气温度方面所做的研究工作,解释了各种降温方案的原理。还提出了一种变截面同心筒的设计方案,即将同心筒内外筒的间隙设计成收缩-扩张形状（类似于拉瓦尔喷管）,利用此变截面同心筒对气流的加速作用来提高燃气的出流速度,以达到降低高温燃气温度的目的。文中用FLUENT对设计结构进行了二维数值模拟,验证了可行性,显示出此方案可在一定程度上改善导弹工作时的热环境。     

高超声速飞行器前缘缝隙流动数值模拟研究

通过分析高超声速飞行器前缘防热瓦结构,建立了一种开缝前缘的简化模型。针对这一模型的流场通过求解三维可压缩Navier Stokes方程进行了数值模拟。研究了缝隙诱导形成的三维旋涡的空间分布特征和旋涡运动对物面气动加热的影响规律。模型圆弧段缝隙肩部倒圆区因存在较强的三维效应形成“常规”高热流区,而缝隙内主旋涡再附致使侧壁上存在一个“非常规”高热流区;模型平直段展向流动诱导缝隙上方出现较强的旋涡运动,同时流动在缝隙倒圆区形成分离涡并于缝隙侧壁面再附,受这些旋涡运动的影响,缝隙肩部倒圆区转变为局部热流低值区,缝隙侧壁上存在局部热流高值区。