环路热管内工质流动特性的研究

由于环路热管（LHP）具有高传热性能、远距离传输热量、优良的控温特性和管路的可任意弯曲、安装方便等特点，使LHP在航天热控领域有着广泛的应用前景。文章对LHP内工质的流动压力降进行了分析和计算；对毛细芯所能提供的最大蒸发传热能力进行了预测，并结合实验研究综合分析了毛细芯结构对LHP性能的影响。     

计算涡扇发动机风车起动特性的辨识模型

针对高空风车条件下涡扇发动机起动性能估算问题, 提出了运用约简遗传规划算法进行模型结构自动选择的思路, 对基于约简遗传规划的风车起动模型进行了研究.以某型涡扇发动机为例, 运用该算法对给定条件下该型发动机的风车起动过程进行了建模仿真, 得到了起动过程的估算结果.将估算结果与试验数据对比, 验证了方法的正确性、可行性.      

New constitutive relation for eddy viscosity models

A new turbulent constitutive relation was directly derived from Boussinesq's hypothesis and mixing length theory, and then implemented in the standard k-ε model. The performance of this constitutive relation was validated in zero pressure gradient flat-plate boundary layer flow, fully-developed turbulent channel flow and separated flow in a plane asymmetric diffuser. The investigation demonstrated that, this new constitutive relation gave very accurate results in the former two basic cases and provided significant improvement in prediction of separated and reattachment points in the plane asymmetric diffuser. Separation and reattachment points at x/H=7.5 and 29 were calculated accurately in comparison to experimental results, and the static pressure coefficient of 0.82 was very close to large eddy simulation calculation. These results are very encouraging but further verification and extensive application of the new constitutive relation to other two-equation eddy viscosity model are needed.      

基于极值理论的平尾结冰飞行风险评估

提出了结合极值理论与Copula模型来量化评估平尾结冰条件下飞行风险概率的方法。通过建立人-机-环复杂系统模型,对平尾在进近与着陆过程中的结冰情形进行仿真,采用蒙特卡罗法提取平尾结冰极值参数,验证了所提取极值参数符合一维广义极值（GEV）分布,根据飞行风险的定义和相关安全性准则,建立了平尾结冰飞行风险发生的判定条件,计算得出一维极值飞行风险概率;在此基础上选取Copula模型来描述二维极值参数的相关性,对多种Copula模型的未知参数进行辨识,通过拟合优度检验对精度进行验证,得出Joe Copula模型对二维极值分布的描述最为准确,运用Joe Copula模型计算出二维极值飞行风险概率,有效解决了一维极值具有的局限性。所提方法对飞行安全评估等理论有一定参考价值,能为平尾结冰飞行事故的预防提供分析和检验依据。     

双涵道S形弯管气动性能的数值研究

环型双涵道S形弯管是涡轮风扇发动机中连接风扇和高压压气机的重要部件。采用有限容积法对双涵道S形弯管在不同进气条件下的流场进行了数值研究。计算过程中使用两种不同的湍流模型：标准k-ε模型和雷诺应力模型。通过对比可以发现两种湍流模型的计算结果有着明显的差别,尤其是在存在较强剪切应力的区域。此外,还对不同的进气条件（环形管流和均匀来流）对S弯管流场的影响进行了分析。可以看出,不同进气条件中附面层速度剖面的不同能够影响S弯管中轴向速度的分布与发展。     

飞机座舱热力特性的数值模拟研究

确定飞机座舱热力特性是座舱结构和环境控制系统设计的重要内容,采用数值方法研究座舱内空气微环境参数随座舱结构参数、空调系统供气参数的变化规律,并与实验研究进行了对比。     

Evaluation method for helicopter maritime search and rescue response plan with uncertainty

Helicopter plays an increasingly significant role in Maritime Search and Rescue (MSAR), and it will perform MSAR mission based on response plans when an accident occurs. Thus the rationality of response plan determines the success of MSAR mission to a large extent. However, with the impact of many uncertainty factors, it is difficult to evaluate response plans comprehensively before performing them. Aiming at these problems, an evaluation framework of helicopter MSAR response plan named UMAD is proposed in this paper, which reveals the influence mechanism of uncertainty factors based on Multi-Agent method and analyzes the mission flow based on Discrete Event System (DEVS) method. Furthermore, the evaluation criterion and indicators of response plan are extracted from the aspects of safety and effectiveness. Meanwhile, the Monte Carlo method is adapted to calculate the probability distribution and robustness of response plan comprehensive result. Finally, in order to illustrate the validity of this method, it is discussed and verified by an application example of evaluating multiple response plans to the same MSAR scenario. The results show that this method can analyze the influence of uncertainty more systematically and optimize response plans more comprehensively.     

基于信息融合技术的无人机风速测量方法

随着无人机技术的发展,无人机风速测量技术成为了无人机的一个重要应用领域。为了提高无人机风速测量的精度,文中将信息融合技术应用于无人机风速测量中,数据层分别通过平均法和改进的 Kaiman 滤波对空速和航向角进行信息融合,以提高参数测量的精度,决策层通过加权平均法对速度矢量三角形法,空速归零法,以及航位推算法计算得到的结果进行融合,并通过实际飞行测量对文中方法进行验证。结果表明,基于信息融合技术的风速测量方法,可以与探测精度高的气球法相当,且探测区域广、探测成本低。     

面向舰载机使用维护的典型人机安全综合评估流程

为合理规划维修任务、确定维修作业量和优化维修保障程序,针对典型舰载机使用维护场景,提出一种综合化的人机安全综合评估流程。分析工作负荷、人机界面、,维修差错等人机安全主要影响对象,建立各影响因素的评估流程,将评估流程要素化后进行分类整合,构建人机安全综合评估模型。基于模型系统工程方法分析舰载飞机维护场景,根据舰载机特定运行场景,采用故障树分析方法,确定影响人机安全的具体行为或故障模式。     

Design and application of an Electric Tail Rotor Drive Control (ETRDC) for helicopters with performance tests

With the development of electric helicopters’ motor technology and the widespread use of electric drive rotors, more aircraft use electric rotors to provide thrust and directional control. For a helicopter tail rotor, the wake of the main rotor influences the tail rotor’s inflow and wake. In the procedure of controlling, crosswind will also cause changes to the tail disk load. This paper describes requirements and design principles of an electric motor drive and variable pitch tail rotor system. A particular spoke-type architecture of the motor is designed, and the performance of blades is analyzed by the CFD method. The demand for simplicity of moving parts and strict constraints on the weight of a helicopter makes the design of electrical and mechanical components challenging. Different solutions have been investigated to propose an effective alternative to the mechanical actuation system. A test platform is constructed which can collect the dynamic response of the thrust control. The enhancement of the response speed due to an individual motor speed control and variable-pitch system is validated.