叶片前缘有气膜孔的冲击冷却研究

为了确定涡轮叶片前缘阵列射流冲击到穿孔靶面的传热特性,本文采用六个放大比例的模型,进行了一系列的实验研究。在广泛的实际有兴趣的参数组合范围内,分别对各种模型,获得了压力损失和N_u数与射流雷诺数的关系式。这些组合参数包括:射流雷诺数,叶片前缘曲率半径与孔径的比,射孔间距与孔径的比以及射流冲击间隙与孔径的比。并利用实验数据,分析了各项几何参数的影响。     

液晶热图技术在脉冲风洞中的应用

在短时间脉冲风洞中,对液晶热图实验技术进行了试验。在实验时间为20ms的炮风洞中,获得了清晰的三维高超声速分离流场的热图显示照片。热图照片不仅与油流图谱所显示的特征位置吻合,而且能半定量地显示表面热流的分布。该项技术的研究为国内空气动力学实验研究提供了一项新的方法。     

加热圆管流动热阻力及熵产的数值分析

本文利用数值计算方法,对圆管加热流动的热阻力和熵产进行了综合分析研究。以空气加热圆管为例,通过联立求解流体力学基本方程和熵产方程,获得了热阻力、熵产及其随加热量、管长而变化的关系。数值分析结果表明,加热流动中的热阻力与熵产二者之间存在着对应相关的关系。     

表面温度和热流的一种间接测量技术

固体表面温度和热流的直接测量在某些情况下是很困难的。使用“过去的”和“将来的”测量时间 ,引入稳定矩阵的概念 ,抑制了导热反问题的误差放大作用。通过埋设在固体内部的热电偶的温度测量 ,同时对固体表面的温度和热流进行了有效估算     

燃气轮机燃烧室火焰筒耐温技术的发展与应用

为了理清火焰筒耐温技术的发展脉络,明确未来的发展方向,对火焰筒壁面冷却技术、热障涂层技术与耐高温材料技术进行了综合分析.火焰筒冷却技术是保证火焰筒壁面处于材料允许的安全工作范围内的关键技术,多种冷却技术相结合的复合冷却技术将是今后的重点发展方向,而采用EB-PVD技术进行多层涂履的热障涂层技术将会得到进一步的发展.陶瓷材料由于其特殊的耐高温热氧化能力,将有望成为未来燃烧室火焰筒的主要材料.     

Analysis on capabilities of density-based solvers within OpenFOAM to distinguish aerothermal variables in difusion boundary layer

Open source feld operation and manipulation（OpenFOAM）is one of the most prevalent open source computational fluid dynamics（CFD）software.It is very convenient for researchers to develop their own codes based on the class library toolbox within OpenFOAM.In recent years,several density-based solvers within OpenFOAM for supersonic/hypersonic compressible flow are coming up.Although the capabilities of these solvers to capture shock wave have already been verifed by some researchers,these solvers still need to be validated comprehensively as commercial CFD software.In boundary layer where diffusion is the dominant transportation manner,the convective discrete schemes＇capability to capture aerothermal variables,such as temperature and heat flux,is different from each other due to their own numerical dissipative characteristics and from viewpoint of this capability,these compressible solvers within OpenFOAM can be validated further.In this paper,frstly,the organizational architecture of density-based solvers within OpenFOAM is analyzed.Then,from the viewpoint of the capability to capture aerothermal variables,the numerical results of several typical geometrical felds predicted by these solvers are compared with both the outcome obtained from the commercial software Fastran and the experimental data.During the computing process,the Roe,AUSM＋（Advection Upstream Splitting Method）,and HLLC（Harten-Lax-van Leer-Contact）convective discrete schemes of which the spatial accuracy is 1st and 2nd order are utilized,respectively.The compared results show that the aerothermal variables are in agreement with results generated by Fastran and the experimental data even if the1st order spatial precision is implemented.Overall,the accuracy of these density-based solvers can meet the requirement of engineering and scientifc problems to capture aerothermal variables in diffusion boundary layer.     

单面射流冲击淬火参数对7050铝合金厚板冷却的影响

研究了喷嘴直径(D)、相邻喷嘴距离(L)和喷射压力(P)对驻点区和紊流区换热的影响.结果表明:在高压(500kPa)下,紊流区心部换热效果比驻点区心部强;当喷嘴直径和喷射压力一定,相邻喷嘴距离对厚板冷却有影响,距离越小,相邻涡对互相干扰越大,紊流区冷却强度加大;当L/D=8～14时,从470℃冷至300℃的平均冷却速率...     

上面级发射中高轨道卫星外热流分析

研究发射轨道的外热流是卫星热控制系统设计的基础。针对上面级发射轨道的特点和卫星姿态，推导出上面级滑行段和点火段瞬态及平均外热流计算公式。以北斗三号中轨导航卫星为例，给出了阳光和轨道面夹角随太阳黄经和升交点赤经的变化关系，以及最长阴影时间、滑行段旋转角速度约束条件的分析方法，在此基础上确定了上面级阶段卫星的极端外热流工况并给出了外热流计算结果。     

尾迹对涡轮动叶全表面气膜冷却效率的影响

采用压敏漆（PSP）测量技术研究了尾迹对涡轮动叶气膜冷却效率的影响，测试叶片带有11排圆柱形气膜孔。获得了不同质量流量比和尾迹斯特劳哈尔数（Sr=0，0.12，0.36）条件下全表面气膜冷却效率分布的试验数据，结果表明：随着尾迹Sr数的增加，叶片前缘区域径向平均气膜冷却效率最大降低幅度达36.5%，吸力面径向平均气膜冷却效率最大降低幅度达53.5%，压力面径向平均气膜冷却效率最大降低幅度达24.2%；尾迹对前缘和吸力面气膜冷却效率的影响大于压力面；随着质量流量比增加，尾迹的影响减小；在进行涡轮动叶表面气膜冷却结构设计时，不考虑尾迹效应会增加设计风险。     

The electron formations under the radiation belts at L-shells 1.2–1.9

We continue to analyze the distribution of electron fluxes with energy 30–500 keV under the radiation belts at low and middle latitudes (L = 1.2–1.9) using experimental data obtained onboard ACTIVE satellite. Special attention is given to altitudinal distribution of electron fluxes and detailed analysis of these electron formations. We observe three main regions of electron flux registration that seem to exist constantly under the radiation belts. These regions are: magneto-conjugated to SAA region (in the north hemisphere), local zone of low intense electron flux accumulation to the west of SAA, and extensive region in the north hemisphere to the east. The analysis of experimental data obtained from ACTIVE satellite (orbit height 500–2500 km) shows that electron fluxes are registered in the wide altitude range up to 1100 km. It is shown that these formations have complicated initial structure with two regions of flux maximums: at L = 1.3 and L = 1.6–1.8. We compare particle data with low frequency (LF) data (ARIEL-4 satellite) and high frequency (HF) data (CORONAS-I satellite). Also we discuss the possible mechanisms of the appearance of these formations under the radiation belts.