二维可压湍流边界层改进的积分方法

采用含高阶项的边界层动量积分方程,同时对常规边界层卷吸方程及延迟方程进行相应的高阶影响修正,得到改进的边界层积分方程组。应用此方程组对多种高亚音速及跨音速翼型边界层流动作了计算,并与一阶Ｇｒｅｅｎ方法计算结果及实验结果作了比较。结果表明,在边界层积分方程中保留法向压力梯度项及雷诺法向应力项,明显改进了翼面边界层接近分离区域处参数的计算精度。     

Mo-Ti梯度功能材料的显微组织特征研究

应用电子探针(EPMA)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)对共沉降法制备的Mo—Ti梯度功能材料的化学成分分布、显微组织和断口形貌进行了研究。结果表明，试验材料整体致密，化学元素分布、显微组织和断口形貌具有梯度变化特征。富Mo区颗粒以机械混合的形式存在；以Mo为主要组分的Mo—Ti梯度层，也是以机械混合为主；以Ti为主要组分的Mo—Ti梯度层，主要以多边形β相存在；富钛区钛主要以球形α相存在。富Mo区为沿晶脆性断裂，富Ti区为典型的穿晶解理断裂，Mo—Ti梯度层以穿晶解理断裂为主，还表现出延性断裂特征。     

激光超高温度梯度快速凝固条件下Cu-Mn合金的组织演化规律

利用CWCO2激光器对Cu-26.6wt%Mn,Cu-27.3wt%Mn和Cu-31.4wt%Mn三种不同成分的合金进行了一系列表面熔凝实验,并对这三种合金的组织形态选择规律进行了研究.实验结果表明,重熔区组织较基体组织大大细化;随着生长速度的增大,Cu-26.6wt%Mn合金的组织由低速胞晶向枝晶、高速胞晶及完全无偏析固溶体转变.在所有凝固速度下Cu-27.3wt%Mn和Cu-31.4wt%Mn合金中没有枝晶组织出现,以全胞晶形式生长.三种合金达到绝对稳定的临界速度分别为113.3,212.6和260.5mm/s,与M-S理论预言的绝对稳定临界速度相吻合.     

Falkner-Skan流空间演化的二次稳定性研究

依据Floquet理论建立三维亚谐扰动的控制方程，研究Falkner-Skan流的二次稳定性问题。采用高精度的谱方法进行数值模拟，结合边界层特性有效地配置边界条件，引入不同类型压力梯度，研究在压力梯度下的二维有限振幅的Tollmien-Schlichting（TS）波对三维亚谐扰动的产生、发展和演化的作用和影响。结果表明，顺压梯度的存在可以减缓二次不稳定的发生和演化，而逆压梯度却加速了二次不稳定性。     

Combustion modeling in a model combustor

The flow-field of a propane-air diffusion flame combustor with interior and exterior conjugate heat transfers was numerically studied.Results obtained from four combustion models,combined with the re-normalization group(RNG) k-ε turbulence model,discrete ordinates radiation model and enhanced wall treatment are presented and discussed.The results are compared with a comprehensive database obtained from a series of experimental measurements.The flow patterns and the recirculation zone length in the combustion chamber are accurately predicted,and the mean axial velocities are in fairly good agreement with the experimental data,particularly at downstream sections for all four combustion models.The mean temperature profiles are captured fairly well by the eddy dissipation(EDS),probability density function(PDF),and laminar flamelet combustion models.However,the EDS-finite-rate combustion model fails to provide an acceptable temperature field.In general,the flamelet model illustrates little superiority over the PDF model,and to some extent the PDF model shows better performance than the EDS model.      

矩形通道中亚尺度肋片的流动换热数值分析

对装有不同结构亚尺度肋片矩形通道的流动和换热进行了数值模拟,获得了通道流场、温度场分布以及平均努塞尔数的基本特征,对各种肋片通道的换热特性进行了对比分析.计算结果表明:亚尺度肋片距主肋片根部越近越有利于散热;在远离热面区域,亚尺度肋片的比表面积越大传热效果越好.当扩展表面积相同时,亚尺度肋片的长宽比越大换热效果越好;计算结果及分析揭示了控制肋片最优几何形状的统一原则——广义温度梯度均匀化原则,并依照此原则确定了可以强化换热的较优的肋片结构.计算分析表明广义温度梯度均匀化原则可以控制对流换热过程的传热强化.      

气动力矩和重力梯度矩实现微小卫星三轴姿态控制

提出运用低轨道两个主要环境力矩 (重力梯度矩和气动力矩 )实现微小卫星三轴姿态被动控制方案。重力梯度矩提供俯仰和滚转恢复力矩 ,气动力矩提供偏航和俯仰恢复力矩 ;通过姿态稳定性分析和姿控过程动态仿真 ,结果表明此卫星具有结构简单、姿态稳定精度高的优点。     

A method for automatic detection and characterization of plasma bubbles using GPS and BDS data

Detecting and characterizing Total Electron Content (TEC) depletion is important for studying the ionospheric threat due to the Equatorial Plasma Bubble (EPB) when applying the Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS) at low latitudes. This paper develops a robust method to automatically identify TEC depletion and derive its parameters. The rolling barrel algorithm is used to automatically identify the TEC depletion candidate and its parameters. Then, the depletion candidates are screened by several improved techniques to distinguish actual depletions from other phenomena such as Traveling Ionospheric Disturbance (TID) or abnormal data. Next, based on the depletion signals from three triangular receivers, the method derives EPB parameters such as velocity, width and gradient. The time lag and front velocity are calculated based on cross-correlation using TEC depletions and the geometrical distribution of three triangular receivers. The width and gradient of slope are then determined by using TEC depletion from a single receiver. By comparison, both the station-pair method and proposed method depend on the assumption that the EPB morphology is frozen during the short time when the plasma bubble moves between the receivers. However, our method relaxes the restriction that the baseline length should be shorter than the width of slope required by the station-pair. This relaxation is favorable for studying small-scale slope of depletions using stations of a longer baseline. In addition, the accuracy of the width and gradient is free of impact from hardware biases and small-scale disturbance, as it is based only on the relative TEC variation. The method is demonstrated by processing Global Positioning System (GPS) and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) data on 15 August, 2018, in a solar minimum cycle.     

FMCW体制毫米波SAR实时信号处理方法研究

与脉冲体制合成孔径雷达(SAR)相比,调频连续波(FMCW)体制SAR具有体积小、重量轻、分辨率高、功耗低和低截获等一系列优点,目前小型或微小型SAR普遍采用FMCW工作体制。FMCW SAR在整个脉冲重复周期内都发射信号,其信号占空比达到了100%,为了减小数字接收机采样带宽,降低数据率,FMCW体制毫米波SAR一般采取解线频调接收的方式,但其数据量依然很大,而且机载平台受到气流的影响,运动误差很大,需要迭代估计与补偿,给实时处理模块带来了很大压力。为了提高整个机载FMCW SAR系统的信号实时处理性能,需要在算法层面进行改进。提出了一种两次子孔径误差估计和全孔径误差拼接补偿的FMCW SAR实时成像算法,使用相位梯度自聚焦(PGA)算法和图像偏置(MD)算法级联提取子孔径误差;然后进行子孔径误差拼接成全孔径误差补偿原数据,两维脉冲压缩后完成图像聚焦,提高了FMCW体制毫米波SAR成像算法的效率;最后使用机载Ka波段FMCW SAR实测数据,验证了该算法的有效性。     

Children's Use of Slope to Guide Navigation: Sex Differences Relate to Spontaneous Slope Perception

Recent findings show that human adults can use slope to guide spatial search, although men significantly outperform women. To examine the sex difference more closely, we tested school-age children in a similar paradigm. Over four trials, children (n = 110) were disoriented and asked to locate a hidden target when the floor of a square enclosure was flat (control condition), sloped (slope condition), or sloped with a “ball drop demonstration,” intended to make the slope more salient (ball drop condition). In the presence of the slope cue, children performed above chance, although boys significantly outperformed girls. Boys were also more likely to notice the slope, and spontaneous slope perception was key to using the slope cue.