Aerothermodynamic and stability analyses of a deployable re-entry capsule

Recent research projects, in the field of atmospheric re-entry technology, are focused on the design of deployable, umbrella-like Thermal Protection Systems (TPSs). These TPSs are made of flexible high temperature resistant fabrics, folded at launch and deployed in space for de-orbit and re-entry operations. In the present paper two possible sphere–cone configurations for the TPS have been investigated from an aerodynamic point of view. The analyzed configurations are characterized by the same reentry mass and maximum diameter, but have different half-cone angles (45° and 60°). The analyses involve both the evaluation of thermal and aerodynamic loads and the assessment of the capsule longitudinal stability. The aerothermodynamic analysis has been performed for the completely deployed heat shield in transitional and continuum regimes, while the longitudinal stability has been analyzed in free molecular, transitional and continuum regimes, also taking into consideration the heat shield deployment sequence at high altitudes.     

某型飞机纵向平衡速度的调整

通过对影响飞机纵向平衡速度的结构特性和气动原理的分析,指出了飞机纵向平衡速度调整中存在的问题,给出了不同飞机有效调整纵向平衡速度的方法。     

航天测控装备跟踪质量考核标准分析

针对航天测控装备在役考核标准缺乏的问题，分析了航天测控（Space tracking telemetry and control，TTC）标准的现状，梳理了可用于在役考核的现有航天装备相关标准。提出了航天测控装备考核跟踪质量稳定性的参考标准，分析了标准对在役考核要求的适用性，并对跟踪质量稳定性考核科目进行了修正扩展。实际工程算例表明考核效果合理有效，跟踪质量稳定性考核标准可为在役考核标准制定提供借鉴参考。     

New design simulation for a high-altitude dual-balloon system to extend lifetime and improve floating performance

This paper presents a comprehensive simulation for a high-altitude dual-balloon system which consists of zero- and super-pressure balloons. Preliminary calculations were established to describe the basic concept of the new integrated system. A mathematical model was investigated to simulate the ascending and floating processes which considered the atmospheric conditions and thermodynamic variations. Based on the simulation, results showed that the floating altitude stability between daytime and nighttime was improved. This integrated system supports higher floating altitude levels than those of ordinary balloons and extends the lifetime of floating balloon systems. Moreover, results demonstrated that the integrated system was lighter than ordinary balloons, saving useful weight for effective payload. Furthermore, exploiting the advantages of both kinds of balloons while avoiding the difficulties was a significant goal in the current design to promote the floating performance of high-altitude balloons technology.     

飞机稳定尾旋的改出规律研究

研究稳定尾旋的改出方法，即寻求一种操纵规律，可以使飞机从一种稳定状态（稳定尾旋）跳到另一处非失速稳定状态。从系统的全局稳定性观点出发，构造了李雅普诺夫函数，根据输入操纵第一时刻该函数增长速度最大条件，保证尾旋改出过程中飞机振荡状态的频率接近其固有频率，从而救是飞机稳定尾旋的改出规律－－振荡型改了操纵规律。本文静放求解飞机运动的六自由度的方法计算出尾旋改出的时间历程，验证了用简单的三舵面回中难改出稳     

A Structured Mesh Euler and Interactive Boundary Layer Method for Wing/Body Configurations

To compute transonic flows over a complex 3D aircraft configuration, a viscous/inviscid interaction method is developed by coupling an integral boundary-layer solver with an Eluer solver in a ＂semi-inverse＂ manner. For the turbulent boundary-layer, an integral method using Green＇s lag equation is coupled with the outer inviscid flow. A blowing velocity approach is used to simulate the displacement effects of the boundary layer. To predict the aerodynamic drag, it is developed a numerical technique called far-field method that is based on the momentum theorem, in which the total drag is divided into three component drags, i.e. viscous, induced and wave-formed. Consequently, it can provide more physical insight into the drag sources than the often-used surface integral technique. The drag decomposition can be achieved with help of the second law of thermodynamics, which implies that entropy increases and total pressure decreases only across shock wave along a streamline of an inviscid non-isentropic flow. This method has been applied to the DLR-F4 wing/body configuration showing results in good agreement with the wind tunnel data.     

增升状态下的全机位流数值模拟

研究了势流理论下的全机增升装置复杂外形气动力数值计算方法,该方法以低阶面元法为基础,具有计算量小、速度快的优点.复杂流动的粘性效应主要通过附面层粘性修正技术加以体现.采用该方法对某增升装置翼身组合体外形压力分布特性进行计算,并和风洞实验数据相比较,验证了方法的正确性和实用性.在此基础上对某型飞机真实复杂外形的压力分布特性进行了计算,为复杂外形飞行器增升装置的初步设计、方案选型与评估提供了非常理想的工程技术手段.     

单向阀三维动态流场稳定性仿真研究

对单向阀自激振动机理进行研究,采用线性分析方法提出了单向阀的临界稳定曲线。应用泵阀仿真软件PumpLinx的动网格技术,开展了单向阀三维动态流场仿真分析,数值研究了不同工作压力、不同质量流量条件下的单向阀动态稳定特性。结果表明:在某一工作压力条件下,小流量时单向阀工作不稳定,会形成周期性的阀门颤振,随着质量流量增大,单向阀动态稳定性增强;当质量流量足够大时,单向阀工作稳定,单向阀保持稳定开度工作;质量流量一定时,工作压力降低,单向阀动态稳定性增强。单向阀三维动态流场仿真结果与线性稳定性结论相一致,从三维动态流场角度验证了单向阀自激振动机理及线性稳定性分析方法的有效性。     

典型再入返回器气动特性对比与改进研究

返回器气动特性研究对宇宙飞船的研制起着先导和制约作用。文章对Apollo、CEV和类Soyuz这3种典型的轴对称钝头体再入返回器气动布局进行了气动特性的对比分析,发现与Apollo、CEV相比,类Soyuz外形的升阻比偏小,无法满足以第二宇宙速度载人空间再入返回的要求。在此基础上研究了几何参数（包括倒锥角和球冠半径）变化对类Soyuz外形返回器气动性能的影响规律,从中得到类Soyuz外形的改进方向,提出了一种以类Soyuz外形为基础的改进设计外形,并对该外形的升阻特性、稳定性和配平特性等相关气动特性进行了分析。研究表明通过对几何外形参数的调整优化来提高类Soyuz外形的升阻比,从而达到以第二宇宙速度再入返回的升阻比要求,这样的技术途径是可行的。     

MPPT不调节母线电源系统稳定性分析

提出了一种MPPT不调节母线电源系统拓扑结构,介绍了其控制策略。分别建立了两域控制模式下太阳电池阵源端与负载端稳态分析的等效电路模型,基于小信号等效分析及状态空间方程特征根求解方法,对系统稳定性进行分析,归纳了提高此类电源系统稳定性设计的方法,此研究结果可为MPPT控制技术在未来空间电源系统中应用提供设计参考。