微细电解射流喷射装置研制与工艺试验

为提高微细电解射流加工效率及加工质量,研制了专用喷射装置,并利用该装置进行了初步工艺试验。结果证明该装置保证了电解液在其腔体中能够得到充分"负极化",且能获得满足加工要求的稳定破碎长度,满足了电解射流加工试验要求。     

弹簧在下肢外骨骼重心调整中的应用

通过对外骨骼在一个步态周期中重心变化的分析,提出髋关节使用螺旋弹簧结构设计来调整重心高度的方法,使负荷重心在行走过程中维持一个水平高度,减少额外的能量消耗。通过外骨骼的受力分析和等升角圆锥螺旋弹簧疏圈理论,提出一种弹簧选取的设计计算方法,计算的结果说明设计的可行性和方法的正确性。     

Research on Rigid-flexible Coupling Dynamics of Flexible Cone-probe Docking Mechanism

In this paper,a new kind of flexible cone composed of the thin-walled plates based on space probe-cone docking mechanism for small-sized spacecraft is presented.The theoretical model of docking impact dynamics,which takes into account the additional stiffness terms,is derived based on Lagrange Analytical Mechanics theory and Hertz contact theory.Finite element method is employed for the discretization of the thin-walled plate.The results show that the traditional dynamic model without considering the additional stiffness terms will be difficult to reach steady state.The method proposed in this paper can correctly predict the dynamic behavior of the system.     

高速运载器燃油热管理系统优化

燃油热管理系统设计随着运载器多电化与机载高能电子设备的发展已经得到高度重视,其中燃油的热承载能力是最关键因素。针对喷气推进式高速运载器,提出了一种大范围、多任务的燃油热管理系统多目标优化配置方法,其以热沉利用率最高和燃油质量代偿损失最小为目标函数,以循环回路的燃油最大质量流量、冷却水携带量和机载热负荷发热量为优化变量,采用改进的遗传算法NSGA-Ⅱ,在不同飞行任务规划下进行双目标优化设计,所获得的目标函数Pareto最优解集,满足预期的燃油热管理系统模式选择原则,且通过分析优化变量与优化目标间的相关性,可以量化燃油热管理系统优化配置准则与可达到的最小燃油质量代偿损失,可应用于支持多热沉重构的机载高效燃油热管理系统。      

尺度自适应方法在跨声速涡轮中的应用研究

高压涡轮流场中存在多尺度的涡系和波系结构,对涡轮部件的气动、传热以及结构强度都有重要的影响。为快速准确把握其流动机理,对Menter发展的尺度自适应CFD方法进行了改进,并将新方法分别应用于圆柱绕流以及VKI LS89跨声速涡轮叶栅等典型流动算例。结果表明改进后的尺度自适应模型具有出色的空间分辨率,模拟结果能与大涡模拟、实验数据基本吻合且计算成本约为文献中大涡模拟的2.5%。     

超声速飞行器鼻锥空间气动热特性数值研究

采用STAR-CCM+软件,用经过验证的湍流模型和方法,模拟空间(0~46km)环境中鼻锥模型在超声速飞行状态下的气动热特性,讨论了地面高焓风洞与空间飞行环境的区别.主要区别表现在如下3个方面:1要达到一定的滞止点温度,地面高焓风洞热环境依赖于超声速气动热与电弧加热的耦合作用;2在相同滞止温度的工况下,地面高焓风洞实验使得整个鼻锥实验件壁面都暴露在高温气流下,而空间飞行气动热主要集中在滞止点附近;3在相同滞止温度的工况下,空间飞行器的滞止区压力远远低于地面风洞实验压力.数值模拟揭示:相同来流马赫数下,随海拔高度增加,真实空间飞行条件下鼻锥滞止压力持续降低,而滞止温度则先下降然后升高;在同一空间高度下,随着来流马赫数增大,滞止温度和压力均呈抛物性增长,同时激波位置逐渐靠近前缘壁面,滞止区激波层变薄,但当来流马赫数高于4之后这种趋势将不再明显.     

Numerical simulation of compression corner flows at Mach number 9

A hypersonic vehicle encounters a wide range of conditions during its complete flight regime. These flight conditions may vary from low to high Mach numbers with varying angles of attack. The near-wall viscous dissipation associated with flows at combined high Mach and Reynolds numbers leads to significant wall heat transfer rates and shear stresses. The shock wave/boundary-layer interaction results in a flow separation region, which commonly augments total pressure losses in the flow and lowers the efficiency of aerodynamic control surfaces such as fins installed on a vehicle. The standard turbulence models, when used to resolve such flows, result in incorrect separation bubble size for large separated flows. Therefore, it results in an inaccurate aerodynamic load, such as the wall pressures, skin friction distribution, and heat transfer rate. In previous studies, the application of the shock-unsteadiness correction to the standard two-equation k-ω turbulence model improved the separation bubble size leading to an accurate pressure prediction and shock definition with the assumption of constant Prandtl number. In the present work, the new shock-unsteadiness modification to the k-ω turbulence model is applied to the hypersonic compression corner flows. This new model with variable Prandtl number is based on the model parameter, which depends upon the local density ratio. The computed wall pressures, heat flux and flow field are compared to the experimental data. A parametric study is carried out by varying compression deflection angles, free stream Reynolds number and wall temperatures to compute the flow field and wall data accurately, particularly in the shock boundary layer interaction region. The new shock-unsteadiness modified k-ω model with variable Prandtl number shows an accurate prediction of initial pressure rise location, pressure distribution in the plateau region and heat flux in comparison to the standard k-ω model.     

2种影响相位干涉仪测向的问题分析

针对相位干涉仪测向工程实现中遇到的通道间连接电缆不等长和通道隔离度不够引起同频干扰的问题,从理论上分析这2种影响因素对测向相位差误差的影响,在工程可实现基础上,推导不等长、通道隔离度与相位误差的数学关系,为相位干涉仪设计和通道误差校正提供理论依据.     

考虑机动系数的标准轨迹再入制导方法

针对再入过程中标准轨迹的实际长度需要通过多次更新或迭代求解的问题,提出了一种基于机动系数的通用再入轨迹设计方法。该方法将机动系数定义为真实轨迹长度与初始纵程之比,将再入过程中的机动性进行了量化,可以快速获得到达指定目标可行的轨迹长度;采用真实轨迹长度作为设计参考阻力加速度剖面的依据,避免了轨迹长度的迭代,简化了再入轨迹的生成流程;轨迹曲率问题采用动态航向偏差走廊的方法,控制终端航向偏差、剩余航程满足设计需求。设计轨迹跟踪控制器进行参考轨迹跟踪,完成再入制导。在机动系数区间内指定机动系数进行了数值仿真。仿真结果表明,所提出的标准轨迹制导方法能够快速生成满足路径及终端约束的标准轨迹,且轨迹跟踪效果良好,有较好的应用潜力。