数字图书馆：现实与问题

文章分析了我国数字图书馆建设的背景和现状,并提出了数字图书馆工作中将要面临的几个急待解决的问题。     

基于连续损伤模型的复合材料波纹梁压溃分析

复合材料的耐撞性受到了广泛重视,而波纹梁因其优异的抗屈曲构型被广泛应用于飞机翼梁和直升机底板等经常发生碰撞的结构中。进行了复合材料波纹梁的屈曲分析,研究了高度对波纹梁破坏模式的影响。建立复合材料波纹梁的连续损伤单波模型,层内基于Hashin判据建立含损伤因子的损伤刚度矩阵,层间根据二次名义应力准则和B-K准则模拟损伤演化,并通过典型复合材料波纹梁压溃试验验证了所建立模型的正确性。基于单波分析模型,通过施加周期性边界条件和反对称边界条件,研究了多波结构的吸能特性。     

液体火箭发动机健康监控技术研究现状

液体火箭发动机健康监控技术是改进和提高运载火箭、航天器可靠性与安全性的核心技术之一,对其进行研究具有重要的学术价值和工程应用价值。液体火箭发动机健康监控技术的研究主要包括液体火箭发动机故障检测与诊断理论方法、液体火箭发动机健康监控系统两方面。该文介绍了基于模型驱动的方法、基于数据驱动的方法和基于人工智能的方法,阐明了液体火箭发动机故障检测与诊断理论方法的研究现状,通过对美国液体火箭发动机典型健康监控系统的介绍,阐明了液体火箭发动机健康监控系统研究的若干进展及现状,并对液体火箭推进系统健康监控技术的演变趋势作了简要评述。     

含滑行时间约束的真空段弹道设计研究

由于动力系统及测控资源的约束,工程中存在着末级两次点火但滑行时间受限的运载火箭真空段弹道设计问题。基于线性引力场的假设,引入含滑行时间约束的切换条件,从而将含固定滑行时长的弹道优化问题转换成对两点边值问题的迭代求解和对运动方程的积分,并通过多个算例仿真验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。同时,研究了迭代过程中滑行段不同弹道预报方法对弹道设计的影响,结果显示较高的预报精度可以获得更优的弹道设计结果。该方法提供了一种新的弹道设计思路,在总体方案论证或初步设计阶段可以替代传统设计方法,以有效提升弹道设计效率,优化火箭方案。     

航天器相对运动建模及周期性相对运动求解

面向航天器编队飞行的需求,对椭圆参考轨道航天器非线性周期相对运动条件进行研究,提出了确定椭圆参考轨道编队航天器非线性周期性相对运动条件的新方法。首先,考虑非线性、椭圆轨道等因素,通过哈密尔顿-雅可比(HJ)方程和正则摄动理论,推导了在任意非线性摄动下相对运动的模型和获得不需消耗任何燃料的周期性相对运动轨道的条件;然后,采用时域配点法,结合改进的列文伯格-马夸尔特(LM)法对周期性相对运动的初值进行求解;最后,设计数值仿真算例,利用上述条件,得到不消耗任何燃料的周期性绕飞轨道,由此验证了本文所提模型和方法的正确性。     

冲压发动机风洞引射器引射性能模拟

蒸汽引射器是冲压发动机试验台用来实现高真空度的重要设备,其工作环境复杂,性能优化较为困难。简化并建立蒸汽引射器的模型,通过Fluent软件对其工作情况进行数值模拟,分析工作状态下引射器内流场变化情况,并利用控制变量法分析引射器中水蒸气含量、工作流体压力、引射流体压力等工况参数对引射器工作能力的影响。通过与试验数据的对比,验证模拟结果的可信度。结果表明:引射流体流量增大时,引射器效率升高;引射流体中水蒸气从0变化到50%时,引射系数由0.45降至0.36。而当工作流体入口压力由1.07 MPa升至1.42 MPa时,引射系数由0.41降低至0.33;引射流体入口压力由12 kPa升至54 kPa时,引射系数由0.12升高至0.43,故在优化设计时应综合2个入口压力的影响。     

工程意义上的高斯脉冲信号不失真采样分析

基于高斯脉冲信号的时频域特征,分析其采样条件。针对高斯脉冲信号这种非周期信号采样的特殊性,指出高斯脉冲信号采样还需满足峰值采样条件,并对不同采样点数下峰值误差能够达到最小值的概率进行建模。理论分析和仿真结果表明,按照所提出的采样条件进行采样,能够保证高斯脉冲信号采样的峰值误差最小,同时所提出的概率模型能够比较准确地估计出在不同采样点数下峰值误差能够达到最小值的概率。     

Fault diagnosis based on measurement reconstruction of HPT exit pressure for turbofan engine

Aero-engine gas path health monitoring plays a critical role in Engine Health Management(EHM). To achieve unbiased estimation, traditional filtering methods have strict requirements on measurement parameters which sometimes cannot be measured in engineering. The most typical one is the High-Pressure Turbine(HPT) exit pressure, which is vital to distinguishing failure modes between different turbines. For the case of an abrupt failure occurring in a single turbine component, a model-based sensor measurement reconstruction method is proposed in this paper. First,to estimate the missing measurements, the forward algorithm and the backward algorithm are developed based on corresponding component models according to the failure hypotheses. Then,a new fault diagnosis logic is designed and the traditional nonlinear filter is improved by adding the measurement estimation module and the health parameter correction module, which uses the reconstructed measurement to complete the health parameters estimation. Simulation results show that the proposed method can well restore the desired measurement and the estimated measurement can be used in the turbofan engine gas path diagnosis. Compared with the diagnosis under the condition of missing sensors, this method can distinguish between different failure modes, quantify the variations of health parameters, and achieve good performance at multiple operating points in the flight envelope.     

空间光学载荷低温部件地面气体保护系统设计

针对空间光学载荷低温部件的特点及其对水汽污染物控制的特殊需求,分析水汽污染物对该类型部件的污染过程及防护方法,制定通过惰性气体正压保护防止水汽污染的技术途径和方案,设计地面无间断气体保护防污染系统,以实现对环境温湿度、保护气体温湿度等环境参数的全过程记录、预警/报警、局部调节等功能。系统测试结果表明,地面气体保护系统能够较好地实现预定设计功能,对该类低温部件的保护具备一定的工程实用价值。     

A fast and automatic full-potential finite volume solver on Cartesian grids for unconventional configurations

To meet the requirements of fast and automatic computation of subsonic and transonic aerodynamics in aircraft conceptual design,a novel finite volume solver for full potential flows on adaptive Cartesian grids is developed in this paper.Cartesian grids with geometric adaptation are firstly generated automatically with boundary cells processed by cell-cutting and cell-merging algo rithms.The nonlinear full potential equation is discretized by a finite volume scheme on these Cartesian grids and iteratively solved in an implicit fashion with a generalized minimum residual (GMRES) algorithm.During computation,solution-based mesh adaptation is also applied so as to capture flow features more accurately.An improved ghost-cell method is proposed to implement the non-penetration wall boundary condition where the velocity-potential of a ghost cell is modified by an analytic method instead.According to the characteristics of the Cartesian grids,the Kutta condition is applied by specially computing the gradients on Kutta-faces without directly assigning the potential jump to cells adjacent wake faces,which can significantly improve the solution con verging speed.The feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method are validated by several typical cases of sub/transonic flows around an ONERA M6 wing,a DLR-F4 wing-body,and an unconventional figuration of a blended wing body (BWB).The validation cases demonstrate a fast convergence with fully automatic grid treatment and computation,and the results suggest its capacity in application for aircraft conceptual design.