Heading south with a north-up map: A choice processing analysis of map alignment effects

This study employed an information accumulation model of choice reaction times to investigate alignment effects in mental representations of maps. University students studied a map from a single orientation (with north at the top). In a subsequent two-choice reaction time task, the students’ spatial knowledge of the map was assessed employing spatial left/right judgments, which were made from imagined perspectives that were either north-aligned or south-aligned. Data showed a standard alignment effect, favoring north- over south-aligned trials. To examine the locus of this effect, data were fit using the Linear Ballistic Accumulator (LBA) model of speeded decisions (Brown & Heathcote, 2008). Of interest were three model parameters: drift rate, the speed at which evidence accumulates toward a response; response threshold, the amount of evidence demanded from the decision maker before selecting a response; and non-decision time, the time consumed by pre- and postdecisional processes. The best-fitting model suggested that non-decision time accounted for the alignment effect. The difference in non-decision time between north and south-aligned judgments suggests a mental alignment stage on south-aligned trials, accounting for the longer reaction times for judgements misaligned with the presented north orientation of the map.     

量子计算及其在空气动力学中的应用前景综述

量子计算是最重要的后摩尔计算技术之一，拥有经典计算机无可比拟的超强计算能力，未来能够对各行业应用产生颠覆性的影响。针对量子计算给空气动力学带来的机遇和挑战，详细综述了量子计算机、量子算法、量子底层软件栈等方面的研究进展。结合空气动力学领域常用的基础方法，在综述量子计算线性方程组求解、插值操作、数值积分、优化搜索等最新进展的基础上，结合典型量子算法深入分析了量子计算在空气动力学领域的应用前景，并指出了需要重点关注的研究方向。     

悬停及小速度前飞状态下旋翼对机身及平尾气动特性的影响

介绍了一副研究型旋翼 Ｚ９ 机身组合模型在 Ｃ Ａ Ｒ Ｄ Ｃ８ｍ ×６ｍ 低速风洞的试验概况,给出了悬停及小速度前飞时旋翼对机身气动特性的影响,着重讨论了水平尾翼对机身纵向气动特性的贡献。机身横截面上的不对称压力分布测量结果,揭示了旋翼在机身表面诱导的附加横侧向气动载荷的机理。     

FVTD在电磁散射问题中的应用

针对以往时域电磁散射数值方法网格剖分等缺点,将基于计算流体力学(CFD)的时域有限体积法(FVTD)中成熟的贴体网格剖分技术引入到对电磁散射的计算.首先阐述了该算法的基本原理、公式,然后分析了算法解题思路、特点,最后以几种二维物体雷达散射截面计算为例,分析、研究了FVTD在电磁散射中的应用,结果表明,FVTD是一种高效准确的时域方法,对解决电磁散射问题有一定的理论和应用价值.     

超声速进气道快速CFD数值模拟计算方案(英文)

根据进气道内部流动特征,并结合现有工程设计经验和试验结论,提出从进气道喉道段出口截面截断,简化取其超声速扩压段和喉道段与其外部流场统一构造出具有单一性态超声速流动的流场计算域,既缩减了CFD数值模拟的计算规模,又提高数值计算的收敛性。经实例计算分析表明,解算速度和效率大大提高,单个计算工况仅需时不到20 m in即可快速完成求解,并可基于数值计算模型提取出进气道捕获流量和最大总压恢复系数等全部主要性能参数,特别适合于在超声速进气道方案设计阶段用来快速进行性能评估和方案选型,有利于提高设计效率,缩短研制开发周期。     

基于动态非结构重叠网格法的直升机前飞非定常流场数值模拟研究

 发展了非结构重叠网格技术,提出适合于直升机旋翼运动的动态非结构重叠网格算法,该算法使得在采用非结构重叠网格模拟直升机流场时实现程序自动处理网格,不需任何人工干预。流动控制方程采用非定常可压缩Euler方程,空间离散采用Jameson有限体积法,时间推进采用双时间步长法,为加速收敛,在双时间步长内循环迭代中采用预处理技术。为验证本发展的预处理解算器以及动态非结构重叠网格的算法的可信性和有效性,开展一系列的数值实验,模拟了不同速度范围的NACA0012翼型绕流,Caradonna旋翼悬停和前飞流场以及Robin直升机机身-旋翼组合的前飞非定常流场,结果表明采用本文算法得到的结果是可信的,网格处理是自动高效的,可以应用于直升机全机流场模拟,为直升机设计提供可信指导数据。     

预测座舱盖自由抛放运动轨迹方法的研究

系统地阐述了模拟气动力作用下物体运动过程的两类方法,即非定常数值模拟和气动系数法,并给出气动系数法中气动系数的三种获取手段。模拟对称座舱盖自由抛放过程的算例表明由于采用气动系数的不同,气动系数法会得到不同的计算结果,其中利用非定常气动系数得到的计算结果与非定常模拟预测值最为吻合。     

箔条云跨流域整体气动特性计算研究

研究随机动力学理论与统计散布取样技术,提出对飞行器抛撤"海量"箔条及形成箔条云有限分组随机统计模拟方法;采用所建立空气动力学理论与计算技术,提出可有效模拟稀薄流到连续流不同高度、马赫数、攻角与侧滑角及极高长细比箔条气动特性计算方法;研制飞行力学数值方法,计算确定任意时刻箔条个体团空间位置、速度;应用所发展随机动力学加权技术及概率统计分布原理,进行箔条云整体性能分析,建立箔条云跨流域飞行整体运动性能与覆盖范围统计模拟方法.对飞行器抛撒"海量"箔条形成箔条云跨流域飞行气动特性计算分析,模拟仿真结果与实验测试相吻合,证实所建立箔条及箔条云跨流域整体气动特性计算分析方法的工程实用与可靠性.     

Ejection Separation Characteristic Analysis of Parachute Container Cover from Return Capsule for Lunar Exploration

The parachute container cover ejection separation is the first and foremost motion for the return capsule recovery system, which is related to the success of a recovery system. Adopting the computational fluid dynamics （CFD） simulation and flight dynamics coupling method, the parachute container cover ejection separation is simu lated. The rationality of the ejection separation speed and dynamic characteristics of the separation process is ana- lyzed. Meanwhile, the influences of angle of attack, Mach number and ejection separation speed on the parachute container cover ejection are also investigated. Results show that the ejection separation speed design is reasonable. It has a certain design margin for parachute container cover to escape from the wake region, and to pull out the drag parachute completely. The results may provide a theoretical basis for recovery system engineering design of the lunar exploration project.     

基于熵产最小曲线型散热器参数优化设计及数值模拟

基于参数化设计和模拟方法,采用VB开发了放射状散热器参数化设计模拟软件,可自动生成高质量的六面体网格和进行数值计算.利用该软件快速对风扇散热器组件的结构参数进行性能分析和讨论,加深了对风扇散热器组件各主要参数在散热器整体性能中影响程度的认识.采用并行计算流体力学方法,基于组合优化策略以熵产最小为目标函数对多参数结构风扇散热器组件进行优化,曲线型散热器优化结果比初步设计方案的性能提高了7％.