任意迎角二维平板的超声速和高超声速俯仰振动导数

应用频率的摄动法,本文得到了任意迎角二维平板机翼的超声速和高超声速俯仰振动导数。该导数是由包括直到缩减频率的五阶项所组成的。数值结果表明高阶项的贡献在较低马赫数或大迎角情况下是很重要的。作为平均迎角趋于零的特殊情况,本文的数值结果与超声速线化的位流理论是一致的,在高超声速情况与活塞理论一致。     

Enhancing the efectiveness of film cooling

Advanced gas turbine stages are designed to operate at increasingly higher inlet temperatures to increase thermal efficiency and specific power output.To maintain durability and reasonable life,film cooling is needed in addition to internal cooling,especially for the first stage.Film cooling lowers material temperature by forced convection inside film-cooling holes and by forming a layer of coolant about component surfaces to insulate them from the hot gases.Unfortunately,each cooling jet forms a pair of counter-rotating vortices that entrains hot gas and causes the film-cooling jet to lift off from the surface that it is intended to protect.This paper gives an overview of efforts to enhance the effectiveness of film-cooling.This paper also describes two new design concepts.One design concept seeks to minimize the entrainment of hot gases underneath of film-cooling jets by using flow-aligned blockers.The other design concept shifts the interaction between the approaching hot gas and the cooling jet to occur further above the surface by using an upstream ramp.For both design concepts,computational fluid dynamics results are presented to examine their usefulness in enhancing film-cooling effectiveness.      

跨声速涡轮叶栅三维流场的数值模拟

以具有试验测量数据的一个高压涡轮动叶中截面平面叶栅和一个高压涡轮导向器环形叶栅为对象,采用计算流体动力学(CFD)软件CFX-TASCflow,对两个涡轮叶栅的跨声速三维粘性流场进行了数值计算,验证了CFX-TASCflow软件在航空燃气涡轮设计计算中的可靠性,并对所研究的跨声速涡轮叶栅粘性流场进行了分析.      

Convergence Analysis of the Numerical Solution for Cathode Design of Aero-engine Blades in Electrochemical Machining

As a main difficult problem encountered in electrochemical machining （ECM）, the cathode design is tackled, at present, with various numerical analysis methods such as finite difference, finite element and boundary element methods. Among them, the finite element method presents more flexibility to deal with the irregularly shaped workpieces. However, it is very difficult to ensure the convergence of finite element numerical approach. This paper proposes an accurate model and a finite element numerical approach of cathode design based on the potential distribution in inter-electrode gap. In order to ensure the convergence of finite element numerical approach and increase the accuracy in cathode design, the cathode shape should be iterated to eliminate the design errors in computational process. Several experiments are conducted to verify the machining accuracy of the designed cathode. The experimental results have proven perfect convergence and good computing accuracy of the proposed finite element numerical approach by the high surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the machined blades.     

格子玻尔兹曼和气体动理学通量算法及其应用进展

采用守恒律方程求解流体流动问题时,单元界面通量的计算尤为关键,该过程也被称为通量重构。由于离散控制方程的物理量定义在解点上,如何利用解点上的值来计算单元界面的通量,是计算流体力学最为关心的问题之一。针对该问题的研究已发展了各式各样的计算格式,例如完全基于数学重构的差分近似、基于部分物理重构的黎曼通量求解器以及近年发展起来的基于完全物理重构的气体动理学格式、格子Boltzmann通量算法和气体动理学通量算法。本文首先对几种典型的通量重构算法进展进行回顾和分析;然后着重介绍格子玻尔兹曼通量算法和气体动理学通量算法的研究进展及其相关应用;最后就该类算法存在的挑战和可能的研究方向进行展望。     

NAPA软件的并行化研究和效率分析

基于区域分裂思想,以M P I(M essage pass ing in terface)为消息传递库,实现了三维全粘性湍流计算软件NAPA的并行化。对NACA 0012翼型、微型飞行器、高超声速进气道等流场进行了计算和分析,比较了并行和串行软件的计算结果,结果完全一致,并对比了NACA 0012翼型流场的计算结果和实验值,表明NAPA软件的改进是成功的。随后对各个算例的并行效率和加速比进行了对比分析,分析了通信比例、负载平衡度以及通信模式等影响并行效率的几个重要因素。最后使用In te l cluster too ls和V tune工具对NAPA程序进行了算法和代码效率优化,发现了原代码中耗时长的几个子程序并进行了改进,通过对高超声速进气道算例的测试,计算效率提高了55.33%。     

星载DBF接收天线误差校正算法

 提出了一种改进的基于子空间的星载数字波束形成（DBF）接收天线的误差校正方法。根据阵列互耦效应主要取决于阵元间的几何距离这一特点,利用阵元空间排布的对称性简化了天线的互耦模型,将天线的互耦效应及射频(RF)通道失配统一为通道间的幅相不一致。通过在基带注入特定的阵内相位差降低了子空间算法的计算复杂度。在建立7单元正六边形平面阵仿真模型的基础上,分析不同信噪比(SNR)环境下校正算法的性能,经比较得出可以通过提高发射信号功率改善误差估计的精度,验证了算法的有效性。仿真分析结果表明该算法在卫星通信系统中有一定的工程应用价值。     

Numerical simulation of helicopter maneuverability in aerobatics research

A method for calculating available overloads and for subsequent evaluation of helicopter maneuverability is proposed taking into account specific operational conditions.     

柔性扑翼非定常涡格法气动计算的改进与实现

旨在快速、准确地模拟微型扑翼飞行器(Flapping-wing MAV)周边流场,根据柔性扑翼的扑动特点,提出了微型飞行器(MAV)气动力计算的一种改进非定常涡格法(UVLM)模型,该模型中充分考虑机翼的瞬时柔性变形、诱导阻力、尾迹涡环畸变以及黏性耗散等因素对气动力的影响;给出了该模型的一个可视化实现,并通过实例验证了该模型的可行性和有效性。算法仿真表明,采用该模型可使平均升力和平均推力计算精度分别提高20%和70%左右。为了提高运算效率,还研究了剔除尾涡对UVLM性能的影响,计算结果显示,剔除距翼面适当距离处的尾涡后,可在保证算法计算精度基本不下降的前提下使运行时间减少2/3,这表明改进的UVLM可作为MAV的一种快速气动力估算工具,在MAV的优化中存在显见的应用价值。     

槽壁试验段低超声速流场特性数值模拟

 在跨声速风洞中通过开槽和抽气可以建立低超声速流场,由于槽壁试验段设计参数多,流场结构复杂,为提高设计准确性,通过数值模拟对槽壁试验段低超声速流场特性进行了研究。首先根据槽壁试验段的一般设计准则进行了气动设计,给出了槽壁尺寸和不同马赫数所对应的抽气量。基于设计结果,通过数值模拟对流场特性进行了研究,计算表明：通过抽气可以建立均匀的低超声速流场,抽气量对试验段马赫数均匀区长度有较大影响;随后对不同气动外形进行了比对,结果表明:抽气口位置、壁板厚度、驻室容积、开闭比及槽壁外形等对试验段的气流质量有影响,开闭比和槽型的影响尤为显著;最后对槽壁的通流特性进行了分析,探讨了槽型对试验段流场影响的成因。