功能梯度材料热传导的多尺度边界元分析

功能梯度材料是物理性能连续变化的非均匀复合材料,其结构特点消除了材料内部严重的热应力界面,在航空、航天及核反应堆等工程领域具有广阔的应用前景。针对功能梯度材料的稳态热传导问题,给出一种基于边界元模型的统计多尺度分析方法,并针对典型问题进行数值模拟。首先,在功能梯度材料微结构随机分布且体积分数随着位置变化的表征基础上,建立等效热传导系数的多尺度边界元分析模型;然后,给出统计意义下的数值计算方法;最后,研究颗粒随机分布功能梯度材料的热传导性能,并通过与实验结果对比对算法进行验证。结果表明:统计多尺度边界元方法对于预测功能梯度材料的热传导性能是有效的。     

循环加载下复合推进剂的能量耗散

在空空导弹的挂载飞行阶段,弹体高频振动导致的固体推进剂温升极大地损害了固体火箭发动机的性能。为深入探究固体推进剂的能量耗散及其影响因素,针对某复合推进剂进行了不同应变幅值下的多频率疲劳测试,并利用非接触式红外辐射装置同步采集了循环加载下推进剂试件的表面温度,讨论了频率、应变幅值两个因素对复合推进剂能量耗散的影响。结果发现,复合推进剂由于自身的黏滞性,在外部激励下产生了剧烈的疲劳生热行为,其能量耗散密度随着加载幅值和频率的增大而提高,能量耗散带来的试件表面温度呈现出先增大后稳定的规律。根据能量耗散和温度场方程,建立了复合推进剂疲劳过程中的温升计算模型,利用有限元仿真对不同加载条件下推进剂的滞后温升进行了较好的预测。     

超声速流动中功能梯度曲壁板的热气动弹性颤振机理

对高超声速环境中功能梯度曲壁板的热气动弹性颤振机理及分岔特性进行了研究。分别采用活塞理论和Eckert参考焓方法模拟气动力以及气动加热效应,在求解板内二维热传导方程以及考虑温升对材料物性影响的基础上,建立了一个气动加热-气动弹性双向耦合的功能梯度曲壁板的热气动弹性颤振模型。采用有限元方法对曲壁板控制方程进行了数值模拟,着重分析了不同拱高下曲壁板的分岔行为,探讨了拱高变化对曲壁板分岔图的影响,发现了曲壁板颤振三种典型的颤振行为,即:热屈曲、混沌以及规则振动。对初始拱高板厚比为1时,曲壁板的两种规则振动行为进行对比发现,随着马赫数的增大,气动加热效应所引起的热内力会使曲壁板的规则振动更加复杂,同时振动的主振型及频率均会发生变化。     

基于ABAQUS的混杂纤维增强复合材料固化变形模拟

针对混杂纤维增强复合材料固化变形问题,以两种纤维增强双马树脂基复合材料为研究对象,建立了一种基于ABAQUS的混杂纤维增强复合材料固化变形预测模型。大尺寸(500 mm×500 mm)平板固化变形实验结果表明,建立的有限元数值模拟计算方法能够较准确的预测混杂纤维增强复合材料固化变形的变形趋势和最大变形量,最大变形量测算误差约为10%~15%。     

空间紫外辐照对高分子材料破坏机理研究综述

高分子材料作为绝缘体和电介质被广泛应用于机电组件、集成电路等各类电子元器件中,其性能的变化将直接影响电子元器件功能的正常实现。空间紫外辐照是造成高分子材料性能退化的重要因素之一。文章介绍了空间紫外辐照的来源及特点,阐述了紫外辐照对高分子材料作用的两种效应,即瞬态效应和累积效应的机理与过程及其对高分子材料性能造成的影响,并提出增强高分子材料耐紫外辐照能力的方法和途径。最后指出需要进一步开展研究工作的方向。     

Reduction of vibration by periodically stitched sandwich panel

This work reveals that the addition of periodically distributed stitches to sandwich structure enables a significant reduction of vibration in stop-band and this new functionality is systematically investigated. Firstly, a finite element model which is capable of taking into consideration the three layers of the sandwich as well as the stitches is developed. The diagram of dispersion is calculated by applying Floquet-Bloch theorem to the boundaries of unit cell. With properly chosen properties of stitches, a stop-band for flexural wave is observed. This stop-band is further confirmed by the forced response of a large stitched sandwich panel under point excitation. The level of vibration in the stop-band is significantly reduced. The influence of the stitch rigidity and density on upper and lower limits of stop-band is also examined, which confirms that stitched sandwich can be tuned to mitigate vibration in a certain frequency band with appropriate stitch properties. These investigations have demonstrated the potential application of stitched sandwich in the area of vibration reduction.     

航空航天复合材料绿色化发展浅析

简述了航空航天复合材料绿色化技术的研究进展,包括复合材料的绿色化设计、绿色材料、绿色制造,以及回收再利用等技术,探讨了复合材料绿色化技术的发展前景。     

Multi-layered plate finite element models with node-dependent kinematics for smart structures with piezoelectric components

This article presents a type of plate Finite Element (FE) models with adaptive mathematical refinement capabilities for modeling laminated smart structures with piezoelectric layers or distributed patches. The p-version shape functions are used in combination with the higher-order Layer-Wise (LW) kinematics adopting hierarchical Legendre polynomials. Node-Dependent Kinematics (NDK) is employed to implement local LW models in the regions with piezoelectric components and simulate the global substrate structure with the Equivalent Single-Layer (ESL) approach. Through the proposed NDK FE models, the electro-mechanical behavior of smart structures can be predicted with high fidelity and numerical efficiency, and various patch configurations can be conveniently modeled through one set of mesh grids. Moreover, the effectiveness and efficiency of the NDK FE approach are assessed through numerical examples and its application is demonstrated.     

Wetting behavior of AgCu-4.5Ti filler reinforced by carbon nanotubes on C/C composite

The effect of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) content on the wettability of AgCu-4.5Ti + x CNTs (wt%) composite filler alloys on C/C composite was investigated. The results show that the added CNTs reacted with element Ti in the filler and produced the dispersed fine in situ synthesized TiC particles, which increased the consumption of element Ti and provided the nucleus for the growth of Ti-Cu compounds simultaneously. The above effects of introducing CNTs, inhibited the formation of Ti-Cu compounds, also changed the distribution of compounds, which dramatically influenced the interfacial microstructure and characteristics of wetting behavior. The increase of CNTs content refined and dispersed coarse Ti-Cu compounds, decreased the initial spreading temperature, and improved the wettability, but high content of CNTs (more than 0.3wt%) decreased the wettability of the filler alloy. The wetting interfacial microstructure of corresponding composite filler alloys were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), which consisted of TiC, TiCu, TiCu₂ and TiCu₄ compound. The typical wetting behavior of AgCu-4.5Ti + 0.3wt% CNTs composite filler on C/C composite was divided into four stages. The effect mechanism of CNTs content on the wetting behavior was proposed.     

Laser joining of CFRTP to titanium alloy via laser surface texturing

Grid pattern was textured on Ti-6Al-4V alloy (TC4) substrate surface by nanosecond laser system. Laser joining of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite (CFRTP) to TC4 joints were performed, and the effect of texture grid depth was investigated. The contact angle of molten CFRTP on textured TC4 surface was measured and the tensile-shear force was tested. The fracture surface and interface morphology were observed. The results indicated that the wettability of molten CFRTP on TC4 surface improved remarkably after laser textured TC4. Shear force of CFRTP/TC4 joints was increased by 156% after laser textured TC4 surface. When the depth of grid was deeper than 100 μm, contact angle increased and incomplete filling of molten CFRTP in grid occurred, the shear force thus decreased gradually. Resin-carbon fibers mixture was adhered on the fracture surface of TC4, and the variation tendency of adhesion ratio was consistent with that of shear force. TC4 matrix was exfoliated from substrate and adhered at the fracture surface of CFRTP, indicating stronger mechanical interlocking occurred at the joining interface after laser textured TC4 surface. Beside mechanical interlocking, compound layer consisted of CTi_0.42V_1.58 carburization phase was also confirmed at interface, suggesting that chemical bonding also occurred at the joining interface.