氯盐对碱激发矿渣净浆强度影响试验

通过对掺加氯化钠(NaCl)、氯化钙(CaCl₂)的碱激发矿渣(KC)净浆的无侧限抗压强度试验,研究两种氯盐对KC净浆强度的影响规律,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、热重分析(TG-DTG)、液相离子测定、水化程度测定等测试手段,分析两种氯盐对KC净浆强度的作用机理.结果表明,随着NaCl掺量增加,KC净浆抗压强度提高;随着CaCl₂掺量增加,KC净浆抗压强度基本不变.掺加NaCl与CaCl₂的KC净浆中均生成含氯水化物水化氯铝酸钙(Fs,Friedel's salt),但Fs的生成对KC净浆强度无影响作用.掺加NaCl的KC净浆中氢氧化钠(NaOH)的生成是导致其强度增强的主要原因,混合物中NaOH的存在提高了KC净浆的液相碱度,促进矿渣水化的进一步发生,进而生成更多的水化硅酸钙(CSH)使KC净浆强度得到提高.      

太阳帆板驱动机构微振动建模及摩擦补偿研究

从太阳帆板驱动机构（SADA）微振动产生机理出发,考虑电机谐波力矩和导电环摩擦力矩对电机输出力矩的影响,建立以永磁同步电机（PMSM）为驱动源的闭环SADA模型及其与挠性负载耦合的动力学方程.通过拟合电机低速运行时导电环摩擦力矩随转速的变化曲线,利用非线性最小二乘法辨识摩擦模型静态参数,并在电机闭环反馈调节机制中引入摩擦补偿环节.通过对比和分析摩擦补偿前后电机控制量以及帆板转速输出的变化,仿真结果表明摩擦补偿在一定程度上消除了摩擦对SADA低速运行性能的影响,为降低SADA对超静卫星平台和高性能载荷的影响以及展开对其微振动优化和抑制提供依据.     

An improved procedure for manufacture of 3D tubes with springback concerned in flexible bending process

Three dimensional (3D) tubes, which possess the characteristics of space saving, lightweight and high strength, are widely used in many high-end industries such as aviation, aerospace, automobile and shipbuilding. However, when manufacturing a 3D tube in flexible bending process, springback is a big obstacle for improving the forming quality. In this paper, a new comprehensive strategy for springback control of 3D tubes is proposed. The strategy can be described as follows: (1) define the desired shape and manufacture shape; (2) optimize the manufacture shape using two tooling design methods (e.g. DA (displacement adjustment) method and B&T (bending and twisting) method presented in this paper); (3) make a discretization of the manufacture shape to acquire the optimized forming parameters. Additionally, experiment is implemented to validate the effectiveness of the new strategy. Results show that forming parameters acquired by the new strategy are partially effective. The new strategy also demonstrates that, during 3D tubes forming, the deviation caused by over-bent elements can be counteracted by the deficient-bent elements. This principle is helpful to reduce the difficulty of parameter determination in future.     

一种新型空间对接抓捕机构的设计与分析

文章设计一种新型抓捕机构,不仅具有结构简单、末端速度可控等优点,而且可减小两卫星抓捕过程中产生的碰撞力。基于抓捕机构的工作原理,使用CATIA软件建立了三维模型,并运用ADAMS仿真软件进行仿真分析,得到其运动规律和动力学曲线;使用ABAQUS有限元软件对抓捕机构中的软轴进行受力分析。仿真与有限元分析结果表明:与美国ASDS-Ⅱ相比,该机构的角度容差更大,更容易实现对卫星的捕获。     

基于EASY5的液发系统建模与仿真可行性研究

为在方案设计和系统性能估算阶段,对液体火箭发动机进行方便快捷的系统研究,基于MSC.EASY5仿真平台,采用模块化建模思想,建立了液体火箭发动机系统工作过程主要组件的仿真模型,通过Fortran/C等自编程序与EASY5链接,进一步扩展了模型元件范围,并扩充了流体种类,使其适用于液体火箭发动机的研究,并根据发动机循环方式,搭建液体火箭发动机系统模型。为验证模型的正确性,针对RD-170发动机系统建立系统模型,并进行稳态点仿真计算,仿真结果与已有资料相符合,且仿真快速便捷,仿真结果精度高。以上结果表明,本文建模与仿真方法具有较强的实用性。     

Multiscale modeling of mechanical behavior and failure mechanism of 3D angle-interlock woven aluminum composites subjected to warp/weft directional tension loading

The mechanical behavior and progressive damage mechanism of novel aluminum matrix composites reinforced with 3D angle-interlock woven carbon fibers were investigated using a multiscale modeling approach. The mechanical properties and failure of yarns were evaluated using a microscale model under different loading scenarios. On this basis, a mesoscale model was developed to analyze the tensile behavior and failure mechanism of the composites. The interfacial decohesion, matrix damage, and failure of fibers and yarns were incorporated into the microscopic and mesoscopic models. The stress–strain curves and fracture modes from simulation show good agreement with the experimental curves and fracture morphology. Local interface and matrix damage initiate first under warp directional tension. Thereafter, interfacial failure, weft yarn cracking, and matrix failure occur successively. Axial fracture of warp yarn, which displays a quasi-ductile fracture characteristic, dominates the ultimate composites failure. Under weft directional tension, interfacial failure and warp yarn rupture occur at the early and middle stages. Matrix failure and weft yarn fracture emerge simultaneously at the final stage, leading to the cata-strophic failure of composites. The weft directional strength and fracture strain are lower than the warp directional ones because of the lower weft density and the more serious brittle fracture of weft yarns.     

双余度电静液作动器力均衡控制

随着多电飞机技术的发展,电静液作动器(EHA)被更多地用于机载作动系统。双余度电静液作动器(DREHA)更易于实现余度控制,推进EHA在飞机上的应用。本文给出了一种新型DREHA的结构组成,并对其工作原理和固有的力纷争现象进行了分析。理想情况下,通过流量补偿进行修正,力纷争会消失。由于实际系统的参数不可能与仿真模型完全一致,通过人为引入两通道参数误差,复现实际的力纷争。针对上述力纷争现象,基于两通道左右腔压差提出了差值力补偿力均衡控制策略和交叉耦合力均衡控制策略,以减小力纷争。MATLAB和AMESim联合仿真结果表明,本文所设计的力均衡控制器能大大减小力纷争峰值,同时提高系统的响应速度。     

一种腿臂融合四足机器人设计与分析

设计了一种腿臂融合的四足机器人,其具有腿臂功能复用的分支,不仅可以实现行走,还可以进行操作。对该机器人的行走模式和操作模式进行了研究,首先,建立了机器人单腿运动学模型,推导出机身整体的逆运动学;其次,对腿臂功能复用分支的5自由度操作臂模型进行了运动学分析,提出了欠自由度操作臂保证末端位置和末端姿态2种情况下的逆运动学最优求解方法,并分别给出了位置或姿态偏差;然后,建立了支撑面、支撑腿、本体、操作臂所组成的串并混联机构的运动学模型,利用本体位移补偿操作臂末端位置偏差,从而实现操作臂末端精确操作;最后,对机器人本体、操作臂以及串并混联机构的工作空间进行了仿真,并利用实验验证了该机器人腿行走和臂操作的功能。     

基于共形几何代数的空间并联机构位置正解

将共形几何代数(CGA)引入空间并联机构位置正解中,提出了一种空间3-RPS并联机构位置正解新算法。以任意一条支链轴线与静平台平面的夹角为待求变量,基于点的CGA表达方法建立了该支链与动平台连接的铰接点关于待求变量的数学表达式;通过2次构造2个空间球和1个平面的外积,分别获得动平台其余2个铰接点的点对;利用距离公式,只需简单的平方运算可直接推导出该问题关于待求变量的一元16次输入输出方程,进而获得了该机构的全部16组解析解,无增无漏。该方法没有繁琐的坐标变换和矩阵计算,以及复杂的多元高次非线性方程组消元求解。通过数字实例计算表明,求解过程较清晰地揭示出机构运动的几何特点,几何直观性好。