总收缩比对RBCC进气道影响数值研究

为研究火箭基组合循环发动机（Rocket Based Combined Cycle,RBCC）进气道隔离段内激波串传播规律,利用数值模拟研究分析了在高、低反压作用下总收缩比变化对激波串驻留位置及流动分离区范围的影响,并进一步开展了总收缩比对进气道气动性能影响的仿真研究。研究结果表明：在承受额定反压作用下,进气道总收缩比存在临界值,在临界值下提高总收缩比能显著增强进气道抗反压能力,并影响激波串驻留位置。在临界值上提高总收缩比对进气道抗反压能力无明显作用,进气道流动状态不受总收缩比变化的影响。此外,提高总收缩比能显著提高被捕获冲压空气流所承受的压缩程度,但会承受额外的空气流量损失和气动阻力。     

基于层次分析法-熵权组合法的航天器材料应用验证综合评价研究

为解决航天领域优选材料的难题,针对航天器用材料服役环境特点及材料自身性质,分别从材料性能、工艺、服役环境和安全四个方面构建了航天器材料应用验证评价的技术指标,通过层次分析法（AHP）和熵权法建立航天器材料应用验证量化评分模型,并以两批次航天器用涂覆材料为例,通过AHP-熵权组合赋权,将主观和客观方法相结合,确定了涂覆材料的综合权重,最后利用模糊综合评价的方法对两批次航天器涂覆材料的性能进行了评分比较,实现了材料综合性能的量化打分。     

S781白漆在空间辐照环境下物性变化分析

文章研究S781白漆分别在紫外、质子和紫外+质子+电子综合辐照环境下太阳吸收率(αs)的退化情况,并利用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对样品表面的成分和形貌进行了分析。结果表明:S781白漆的αs受紫外辐照影响较小,但是在质子和综合辐照条件下退化明显。紫外辐照会对S781的硅树脂粘合剂产生裂解作用,质子辐照下样品表面会有污染形成,电子辐照会对深层的硅树脂性质产生影响。     

对称恒定电流激励动态应变测量技术的分析与应用研究

对称恒定电流激励技术是使用一对匹配的恒定电流源激励只有一个工作应变片的应变测量方法。这项技术提供了非常强的抑制静电噪声拾波干扰的能力,应用于只要求使用2线连接的动态应变测量或应变型传感器这种无抗干扰连接的方式。文章介绍了这种新型动态应变测量技术的特点,并与传统的使用惠斯顿电桥和单端恒定电流源激励的技术进行了比较。此技术还可以提供检测传感器健康状态和连接电缆状态的方法。     

超精密直线度测量技术

介绍了一种结构简单,但性能稳定、精度高的电感传感器.并介绍了操作方便、置信度高、可用于短工件测量的直线度空间域的组合测量方法.利用它们进行超精密直线度测量,具有良好的效果.     

美国高超声速涡轮基组合循环发动机的进展及分析

旨在为未来空天动力技术研究和产品研制提供参考与借鉴。综述了美国高超声速涡轮基组合循环(TBCC)发动机的进展,重点对与涡轮发动机有关的预研计划进行详细描述,如国家空天飞机(NASP)计划、高速推进评估(Hi SPA)计划、猎鹰组合循环发动机试验(Fa CET)计划等。总结与归纳了TBCC发动机的研究发展的特点:TBCC发动机一直是高超声速飞行器研究的关键技术;目前涡轮发动机的首选是现有涡轮发动机改进,未来可能选择正在预研的高速涡轮发动机或自适应发动机;冲压发动机和模态转换技术已经取得明显进展,但还需长期深入验证。     

基础简谐激励试验的结构动力学仿真研究

将基础简谐激励试验中少数测点的测量数据结合有限元模型进行结构动力学仿真,可以节省试验时间与费用,方便快速地实现对结构的监控。本文的仿真研究基于动态矩阵变换技术,将少数测量点的测量动响应时间历程数据快速傅立叶变换后在频域下应用矩阵变换计算得到有限元模型缩聚自由度动响应,通过对缩聚自由度动响应数据逆快速傅立叶变换以及缩聚转换矩阵反变换,得到了有限元模型全部自由度动响应时间历程。本文以某工程结构为例进行了仿真,仿真结果与试验结果具有较好的拟合性,验证了本文仿真技术的可行有效性。     

Performance assessment of real-time multi-GNSS integrated PPP with uncombined and ionospheric-free combined observables

For precise position services, the real-time precise point positioning (PPP) is a promising technology. The real-time PPP performance is expected to be improved by multi-system combination. The performance of real-time multi-system PPP needs to be periodically investigated, with the increasing number of available satellites and the continuously improved quality of real-time precise products of satellite clocks and orbits. In this study, a comprehensive performance assessment is conducted for the four-system integrated real-time PPP (FSIRT-PPP) with GPS, BDS, Galileo and GLONASS in both static and kinematic modes. The datasets from 118 stations spanning approximately a month are used for analysis, and the real-time stream CLK93 is employed. The superior performance of FSIRT-PPP is validated by comparing with the results of GPS/BDS, GPS/Galileo, GPS/GLONASS, GPS-only, BDS-only, Galileo-only and GLONASS-only cases. The FSIRT-PPP using ionospheric-free (IF) combined observables can achieve a convergence time of 10.9, 4.8 and 11.8 min and a positioning accuracy of 0.4, 0.5 and 0.7 cm in the static mode in the east, north and up directions, respectively, while the derived statistic is 15.4, 7.0 and 16.4 min, and 1.6, 1.2 and 3.4 cm in the kinematic mode in the three directions, respectively. Moreover, we also compare the position solutions of real-time PPP adopting IF combined and uncombined (UC) observables, and prove the mathematical equivalence between the two PPP models in the converged stage, provided that there are no external ionospheric corrections or constraints given to the estimated ionospheric delays in the UC model. The difference between the fully converged positioning accuracy of IF-based and UC-based real-time PPP is marginal, but the UC-based real-time PPP has longer convergence time due to the influence of the significant unmodeled time-varying errors in the real-time precise products as well as the different parameterization between them. For completeness, the real-time kinematic PPP results in harsh environments and the post-processed PPP results are also presented.     

基于成本考虑的天地往返技术途径分析

采用能量分析方法,对天地往返成本的影响因素进行了分析。重点对入轨方式、发射方法和动力系统等因素进行了分析。提出了未来天地往返运输技术的研究设想。     

Tightly combined GPS/Galileo RTK for short and long baselines: Model and performance analysis

To ensure the compatibility and interoperability with modernized GPS, Galileo satellites are capable of broadcasting navigation signals on carrier phase frequencies that overlap with GPS, i.e., GPS/Galileo L1-E1/L5-E5a. Moreover, the GPS/Galileo L2-E5b signals have different frequencies with wavelength differences smaller than 4.2?mm. Such overlapping and narrowly spaced signals between GPS and Galileo bring the opportunity to use the tightly combined double-differenced (DD) model for precise real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning, resulting in improved performance of ambiguity resolution and positioning with respect to the classical standard or loosely combined DD model. In this paper, we focus on the model and performance assessment of tightly combined GPS/Galileo L1-E1/L2-E5b/L5-E5a RTK for short and long baselines. We first investigate the tightly combined GPS/Galileo DD observational model for both short and long baselines with simultaneously considering the GPS/Galileo overlapping and non-overlapping frequencies. Particularly, we introduce a reparameterization approach to solve the rank deficiency that caused by the correlation between the DISB parameters and the DD ionospheric parameters for both overlapping and non-overlapping frequencies. Then we present performance assessment for the tightly combined GPS/Galileo RTK model with real-time estimation of the differential inter-system bias (DISB) parameters for short and long baselines in terms of ratio value, ambiguity dilution of precision (ADOP), ambiguity conditional number, decorrelation number, search count, empirical success rate, time-to-first-fix (TTFF), and positioning accuracy. Results from both static and kinematic experiments demonstrated that compared to the loosely combined model, the tightly combined model can deliver improved performance of ambiguity resolution and precise positioning with different satellite visibility. For the car-driven short baseline experiment with 10° elevation cut-off angle, the tightly combined model can not only significantly increase the ratio value by approximately 27.5% (from 16.0 to 20.4), but also reduce the ambiguity ADOP, the conditional number, and the search count in LAMBDA by approximately 22.2% (from 0.027 to 0.021 cycles), 14.9% (from 199.2 to 169.6), and 25.4% (from 150.1 to 112.0), respectively. Comparable decorrelation number, empirical success rate, and positioning accuracy are also obtained. For the car-driven long baseline experiment, it is also observed that the ambiguity resolution performance in terms of the ratio value, the decorrelation number, the condition number, and the search count are significantly improved by approximately 18.5% (from 2.7 to 3.2), 22.0% (from 0.186 to 0.227), 55.9% (from 937.6 to 413.7), and 10.3% (from 43.8 to 39.3), respectively. Moreover, comparable ADOP, empirical success rate, and positioning accuracy are obtained as well. Additionally, the TTFF can be reduced (from 54.1 to 51.8 epochs with 10° elevation cut-off angle) as well from the results of static experiments.