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21.
Conflict avoidance (CA) plays a crucial role in guaranteeing the airspace safety. The cur- rent approaches, mostly focusing on a short-term situation which eliminates conflicts via local adjust- ment, cannot provide a global solution. Recently, long-term conflict avoidance approaches, which are proposed to provide solutions via strategically planning traffic flow from a global view, have attracted more attentions. With consideration of the situation in China, there are thousands of flights per day and the air route network is large and complex, which makes the long-term problem to be a large-scale combinatorial optimization problem with complex constraints. To minimize the risk of premature convergence being faced by current approaches and obtain higher quality solutions, in this work, we present an effective strategic framework based on a memetic algorithm (MA), which can markedly improve search capability via a combination of population-based global search and local improve- ments made by individuals. In addition, a specially designed local search operator and an adaptive local search frequency strategy are proposed to improve the solution quality. Furthermore, a fast genetic algorithm (GA) is presented as the global optimization method. Empirical studies using real traffic data of the Chinese air route network and daily flight plans show that our approach outper- formed the existing approaches including the GA .based approach and the cooperative coevolution based approach as well as some well-known memetic algorithm based approaches. 相似文献
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Conflict Detection and Resolution(CDR) is the key to ensure aviation safety based on Trajectory Prediction(TP). Uncertainties that affect aircraft motions cause difficulty in an accurate prediction of the trajectory, especially in the context of four-dimensional(4D) Trajectory-Based Operation(4DTBO), which brings the uncertainty of pilot intent. This study draws on the idea of time geography, and turns the research focus of CDR from TP to an analysis of the aircraft reachable space constrained by 4D waypoint constraints. The concepts of space–time reachability of aircraft and space–time potential conflict space are proposed. A novel pre-CDR scheme for multiple aircraft is established. A key advantage of the scheme is that the uncertainty of pilot intent is accounted for via a Space-Time Prism(STP) for aircraft. Conflict detection is performed by verifying whether the STPs of aircraft intersect or not, and conflict resolution is performed by planning a conflict-free space–time trajectory avoiding intersection. Numerical examples are presented to validate the efficiency of the proposed scheme. 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2020,33(9):2420-2433
In this study, a neural adaptive controller is developed for a ground experiment with a spacecraft proximity operation. As the water resistance in the experiment is highly nonlinear and can significantly affect the fidelity of the ground experiment, the water resistance must be estimated accurately and compensated using an active force online. For this problem, a novel control algorithm combined with Chebyshev Neural Networks (CNN) and an Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) is proposed. Specifically, the CNN algorithm is used to estimate the water resistance. The advantage of the CNN estimation is that the coefficients of the approximation can be adaptively changed to minimize the estimation error. Combined with the ADRC algorithm, the total disturbance is compensated in the experiment to improve the fidelity. The dynamic model of the spacecraft proximity maneuver in the experiment is established. The ground experiment of the proximity maneuver that considers an obstacle is provided to verify the efficiency of the proposed controller. The results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the pure ADRC method and can achieve close-to-real-time performance for the spacecraft proximity maneuver. 相似文献
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针对无人机在城市空域环境和密集交通流下的避撞决策问题,提出马尔科夫决策过程(MDP)和蒙特卡洛树搜索(MCTS)算法对该问题进行建模求解。蒙特卡洛树搜索算法在求解过程中为保证实时性而使其搜索深度受限,容易陷入局部最优,导致在含有静态障碍的场景中无法实现避撞的同时保证全局航迹最优。因此结合跳点搜索算法在全局规划上的优势,建立离散路径点引导无人机并改进奖励函数来权衡飞行路线,在进行动态避撞的同时实现对静态障碍的全局避撞。经过多个实验场景仿真,其结果表明改进后的算法均能在不同场景中获得更好的性能表现。特别是在凹形限飞区空域仿真模型中,改进后的算法相对于原始的蒙特卡洛树搜索算法,其冲突概率降低了36%并且飞行时间缩短47.8%。 相似文献
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针对现有机场地面运动扰动恢复方法对计划路径偏离、滑行道关闭等干扰事件的应对能力不足,以及轨迹调整过程缺少量化评价指标优化等问题,提出一种基于混合整数规划的扰动恢复方法。利用优化技术协调受扰动影响的航空器计划轨迹,降低干扰事件对场面运行效率和其他场面调度问题的影响;同时,引入迭代冲突规避策略提高求解效率。基于真实机场布局的实验结果表明,该方法能够在计划路径偏离和滑行道关闭2类干扰事件出现后,快速、有效地调整航空器的计划轨迹,使机场地面运动恢复安全有序状态。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2021,34(5):652-665
There is a strong demand for Planetary Exploration Mobile robots (PEMRs) that have the capability of the traversability, stability, efficiency and high load while tackling the specialized tasks on planet surface. In this paper, an electric parallel wheel-legged hexapod robot which has high-adaption locomotion on the unstructured terrain is presented. Also, the hybrid control framework, which enables robot to stably carry the heavy loads as well as to traverse the uneven terrain by utilizing both legged and wheeled locomotion, is also proposed. Based on this framework, robot controls the multiple DOF leg for performing high-adaption locomotion to negotiate obstacles via Gait Generator (GG). Additionally, by using Whole-Body Control (WBC) of framework, robot has the capability of flexibly accommodating the uneven terrain by Attitude Control (AC) kinematically adjusting the length of legs like an active suspension system, and by Force/torque Balance Control (FBC) equally distributing the Ground Reaction Force (GRF) to maintain a stable body. The simulation and experiment are employed to validate the proposed framework with the physical system in the planetary analog environments. Particularly, to smoothly demonstrate the performance of robot transporting heavy loads, the experiment of carrying 3-person load of about 240 kg is deployed. 相似文献
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利用人工势函数法的卫星电磁编队控制 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
卫星电磁编队是指利用卫星之间相互作用的电磁力进行卫星相对运动控制,对控制律的要求主要是计算量小和能避免碰撞.以目标星对参考星的相对运动矢量作为控制对象,分析了使用电磁力控制卫星编队的可行性,结果是如果编队卫星磁矩能够任意控制,那么卫星相对运动也能完全控制.设计了人工势函数,以相对位置和相对速度矢量作为变量,人工势函数在达到控制目标时为最小值,在碰撞的位置具有局部最大值.设计的控制律能够实时调整控制参数,能够保证电磁线圈控制电流不至于饱和,以及人工势函数导数在控制过程中小于零.仿真表明,所设计的控制律能生成编队构型并避免碰撞,而且具有一定的抗干扰性. 相似文献