美国空军装备全寿命保障工作分析与思考

装备保障是装备有效发挥战斗力的基础，研究如何开展全寿命周期的保障工作具有重要的现实意义。本文系统梳理了美军装备全寿命周期保障工作，区分论证、研制、服役和退役四个阶段，分析了各阶段的工作内容和特点，并结合我军装备保障现状和存在的问题，从装备全寿命周期角度，提出了相应的对策建议，为推动和促进我军装备全寿命保障工作提供了理论支持。     

Land use and cover change (LUCC) impacts on Earth’s eco-environments: Research progress and prospects

Land use and cover change (LUCC) is one of the key variables dominating land–atmosphere interactions and strongly affects the Earth’s eco-environments by altering surface properties. Numerous studies have been carried out to assess the impact of LUCC. However, the Earth is a large, open and complex system characterized by complex interactions between its eco-environments and drivers. This study aimed to summarize previous studies of the impact of LUCC on the Earth’s eco-environments and discuss the progress and limitations in suggesting future directions. Previous studies have confirmed that LUCC has a wide range of impacts on the Earth’s eco-environments, which are represented by the alternation of climate (temperature, precipitation, wind, and humidity), hydrology (soil moisture, runoff, and evapotranspiration), ecology and environmental (air, water, and soil) pollution. Physically, the impacts were mainly attributed to the disturbance of the surface radiation budget and matter conservation caused by LUCC. Although great achievements have been made, several challenges remain because of the unavoidable uncertainties in data sources and methodologies and the complexity of eco-environmental evolution. Therefore, data assimilation, physical-based investigations, contribution isolation, and full-process analysis are required to overcome these challenges in future research. The results of this study helped to capture the impact of LUCC and its physical mechanisms, which provide useful clues for future research and support the relative land use management for sustainable development.     

多空间机器人协同工作空间的数值求解方法

针对未来在轨服务过程中，可能遇到单个空间机器人难以独立胜任的应用场景，需要多个空间机器人协同操作，但目前针对多空间机器人协同工作空间的研究很少。考虑到解析法计算工作空间难度很大，提出了一种基于蒙特卡洛法的一般协同工作空间数值求解方法。再进一步针对空间机器人协同的特殊性，提出了广义协同工作空间的概念，并给出了数值求解方法。仿真结果表明，基座姿态约束会引起协同工作空间的缩小，同时广义协同工作空间的范围明显大于一般协同工作空间。所得结论可以为空间机器人任务设计与规划提供参考。     

一种超视距组网无人机载通信系统设计

针对超视距集群作业需求，提出将Ka频段高通量卫星技术与TD-LTE协议区域组网技术相结合，构建一种“1+N”架构的无人机载测控通信系统。通过方案介绍，阐述了卫星、组网、载荷等模块的设计思路、方案选型及实物设计结果，明确核心单元特点。详细论述了异构网络通信、平滑低延时传输、信源加密等关键技术，并完成链路余量计算、带宽时延测试及飞行试验。试验结果表明：系统任意终端间双向通信稳定可靠，方案设计合理可行。相比于卫星、组网单模通信方式，系统在长航距集群测控、任务协同、临场机动及应用资费等方面具有明显优势，为后续构建空天一体化多平台支撑通信系统，提供工程实践参考。