Superthermal electron’s effects on lump solitons structures in magnetized auroral plasma

Based on the considerations of the acknowledgements of the numerous space observations by satellites in the auroral plasma, astrophysics plasmas, spacecraft observations, various plasma models have been framed and revealed different interesting features, like electrostatic structures, solitary waves, double layers, supersolitons, etc. Soliton theory is a very efficient and competent way to describe nonlinear features. Using Viking satellite data in the auroral plasma, we have derived lump soliton solutions of the Kadomstev-Petviashvili (KP) equation by employing Hirota bilinear method. Due to its wide range of applications, the study of lump soliton is very attractive and important too. It has been shown that the lump solitons structures as well as in the one-dimensional form of lump soliton are varied with associated parameters in the auroral magnetized plasma. During the analysis of the features of the lump solitons, it is found that the system parameters play a pivotal role on the lump solitons structures.     

微波等离子推力器喷管流动数值模拟

为了准确把握微波等离子推力器喷管流动的机理与特点,采用冻结流和非平衡流两种模型对其进行了对比数值模拟分析。非平衡流模型考虑了流动过程中的分解反应、电离反应和复合反应,化学动力学模型为4组分、4反应的有限速率化学反应模型,采用二阶精度NND格式数值求解耦合化学反应源项的N S方程组。数值模拟的结果揭示了喷管内的流场结构,反映了喷管内的离解电离状况,得到了推力器的推力和比冲。分析表明,数值方法有效,计算结果合理,具有工程应用价值,能为相关研究提供参考。     

飞行器大气再入过程中黑障缓解方法综述

为了方便研究人员更好地掌握黑障的缓解方法及其研究现状,系统地介绍了目前航天领域中用于缓解黑障的多种技术方法.首先,简要介绍了黑障的成因以及研究现状,并阐述了电磁波在等离子体中的传播机理;其次,详细说明了14种黑障缓解方法的基本原理及其优缺点,这些方法包括改变空气动力学形状、引入正交电磁场、驻波检测法、提高入射频率以及太...     

“嫦娥一号”卫星观测近月太阳风离子特征

"嫦娥一号"卫星的太阳风离子探测器(SWIDs)的科学目标是研究太阳风与月球的相互作用以及相应的近月空间等离子体环境。文章利用"嫦娥一号"卫星SWIDs探测器在2007年12月30日的观测数据对近月太阳风等离子体环境,包括向阳侧太阳风离子、"拾起"离子以及在月球尾迹边界处的太阳风离子的特征进行分析,得到以下主要观测结果:1)在慢速太阳风中观测到双峰结构,分别为太阳风中的氢离子和二价氦离子;2)在行星际磁场具有明显昏向(+By)分量期间,在月球向阳侧持续观测到有月表散射或反射后被拾起的太阳风离子;3)与入射的太阳风离子不同,这些拾起的太阳风离子具有明显的角度分布特征;4)在行星际磁场昏向(晨向)期间,太阳风中的氢离子在月球尾迹北半球的边界处呈现减速(加速)特征并进入尾迹;而并未发现氦离子进入尾迹的特征。"嫦娥一号"卫星的这些观测数据对于认识近月空间等离子体环境有着重要的意义。     

Propagation of cylindrical and spherical dust–ion acoustic solitary waves in a relativistic dusty plasma

The properties of cylindrical and spherical dust–ion acoustic solitary waves (DIASW) in an unmagnetized dusty plasma comprising of relativistic ions, Boltzmann electrons, and stationary dusty particles are investigated. Under a suitable coordinate transformation, the cylindrical KdV equation can be solved analytically. The change of the DIASW structure due to the effect of geometry, relativistic streaming factor, ion density and electron temperature is studied by numerical calculation of the cylindrical/spherical Kdv equation. It is noted that with ion pressure the effect of relativistic streaming factor to solitary waves structure is different. Without ion pressure, as the relativistic streaming factor decreases, the amplitude of the solitary wave decreases. However, when the ion pressure is taken into account, the amplitude decreases as the relativistic streaming factor increases and is highly sensitive to relativistic streaming factor. Our results may have relevance in the understanding of astrophysical plasmas.     

VASIMR中螺旋波等离子体源设计

螺旋波等离子体具有密度高,可控性强且无电极等优点,被应用于可变比冲磁等离子体火箭(VASIMR,Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket)中.设计了一个螺旋波等离子体源,并给出了其中2个关键部分——磁场线圈和螺旋波天线的设计.对螺旋波等离子体源进行了初步实验,结果表明,电子密度随射频输入功率的增加几乎呈线性上升,估计电子密度的量级在通入工质后完全可达10¹¹ cm^-3.     

Nonlinear electromagnetic perturbations in a degenerate electron–positron plasma

Nonlinear propagation of fast and slow magnetosonic perturbation modes in an ultra-cold, degenerate (extremely dense) electron–positron (EP) plasma (containing non-relativistic, ultra-cold, degenerate electron and positron fluids) has been investigated by the reductive perturbation method. It is shown that due to the property of being equal mass of the plasma species (_me=_mp$m_e=m_p$, where _me$m_e$ and _mp$m_p$ are electron and positron mass, respectively), the degenerate EP plasma system supports the K-dV solitons which are associated with either fast or slow magnetosonic perturbation modes. It is also found that the basic features of the electromagnetic solitary structures, which are found to exist in such a degenerate EP plasma, are significantly modified by the effects of degenerate electron and positron pressures. The applications of the results in an EP plasma medium, which occurs in compact astrophysical objects, particularly in white dwarfs, have been briefly discussed.     

低雷诺数下层流分离的等离子体控制

为有效控制层流分离特性,消除或减弱低雷诺数时小迎角下的升力非线性现象,改善翼型升力特性,并通过翼型的上表面转捩带与油流显示测量对等离子体激励控制机理进行阐述,对厚度为16%椭圆翼型低雷诺数下的气动特性进行了风洞试验研究。在此基础上,在上表面前缘10%弦长处布置激励器,通过压力分布测量观察等离子体激励对层流分离的影响。试验结果表明：当翼型上表面仅发生层流分离时,等离子体激励和转捩带的作用类似,可以有效延迟或者消除后缘层流分离,从而增加升力;当翼型上表面出现层流分离气泡并发生再附现象时,等离子体可以有效减小或者消除层流分离泡的范围,从而减小升力;通过控制层流分离,占空循环等离子体激励可以实现对低雷诺数小迎角下的升力的线性控制。     

用PIV技术研究四角切圆锅炉燃烧器区冷态燃烧流场的湍流积分尺度

四角切圆锅炉内煤粉的燃烧过程对提高锅炉运行效率及NOX减排有着显著的现实意义。通过搭建四角切圆锅炉冷态模型,利用粒子成像测速技（Particle Image Velocimetry）,采用空间相关分析方法,针对燃烧器区四角射流复杂湍流的涡拟序结构,开展基于湍流积分尺度来表征的3个典型水平层面涡尺度分布规律研究。通过对湍流积分尺度和时均速度的相关分析研究,认为冷态燃烧器区湍流涡尺度分布不仅与风口流速相关,同时还与风层位置密切相关,并不与风口流速呈线性变化规律,上一次风层涡尺度分布与其它两个风层的相比存在很大差异,因此湍流积分尺度的研究对煤粉高效洁净燃烧具有一定的理论指导意义。     

亚燃冲压模型燃烧室高空负压试验

为了验证亚燃冲压燃烧室在高空负压条件下稳定工作的能力,设计了带蒸发式值班火焰稳定器与直射式喷油装置的亚燃冲压模型燃烧室,对该模型燃烧室进行了冷态流阻试验、贫油熄火边界试验以及不同截面燃烧效率试验研究。研究结果表明,试验件的冷态流阻系数略大于1,冷态总压恢复系数0.98以上;蒸发式火焰稳定器贫油熄火边界较宽;两截面燃烧效率最低相差6%,最高相差19%,在高空负压条件下,增加燃烧段长度能显著提高燃烧效率。