单OSV服务多卫星的转移轨道优化研究

利用混合法解决了有限推力作用下单OSV服务多卫星的转移轨道优化问题.首先从OSV携带燃料的角度出发,初步筛选出在其服务范围内的服务对象,基于双脉冲交会假设,确定了服务序列以及时间节点;其次针对每一段转移轨道,利用Pontryagin极小值原理推导出最优控制律,设定开-关-开的发动机工作方式,将初始协态变量和开关机时间进行参数化处理,采用遗传算法对非线性规划问题进行求解;最后对整条轨道进行拼接优化.仿真结果表明,混合法对协态变量初值猜测敏感性小,降低了搜索最优转移轨道的难度,且控制轨线光滑.     

A lunar cargo mission design strategy using variable low thrust

A design technique for a near optimal, Earth–Moon transfer trajectory using continuous variable low thrust is proposed. For the Earth–Moon transfer trajectory, analytical and numerical methods are combined to formulate the trajectory optimization problem. The basic concept of the proposed technique is to utilize analytically optimized solutions when the spacecraft is flying near a central body where the transfer trajectories are nearly circular shaped, and to use a numerical optimization method to match the spacecraft’s states to establish a final near optimal trajectory. The plasma thruster is considered as the main propulsion system which is currently being developed for crewed/cargo missions for interplanetary flight. The gravitational effects of the 3rd body and geopotential effects are included during the trajectory optimization process. With the proposed design technique, Earth–Moon transfer trajectory is successfully designed with the plasma thruster having a thrust direction sequence of “fixed-varied-fixed” and a thrust acceleration sequence of “constant-variable-constant”. As this strategy has the characteristics of a lesser computational load, little sensitivity to initial conditions, and obtaining solutions quickly, this method can be utilized in the initial scoping studies for mission design and analysis. Additionally, derived near optimal trajectory solution can be used as for initial trajectory solution for further detailed optimization problem. The demonstrated results will give various insights into future lunar cargo trajectories using plasma thrusters with continuous variable low thrust, establishing approximate costs as well as trajectory characteristics.     

过失速下俯敏捷性及纵向控制效能需求研究

结合飞行安全和作战效能需求,对过失速战斗机的大迎角/过失速迎角下俯敏捷性指标及纵向控制效能需求进行了研究.为了满足飞行品质和过失速敏捷性指标要求,采用非线性动态逆方法设计了某推力矢量飞机快回路和慢回路飞行控制律.在此基础上,根据过失速下俯敏捷性和滚转敏捷性指标要求,对所需的最小俯仰推力矢量偏角进行了计算分析,所得结果对先进战斗机的设计有一定的参考价值.     

Sailing at the brink – The no-limits of near-/now-term-technology solar sails and SEP spacecraft in (multiple) NEO rendezvous

Near-Earth object (NEO) in-situ exploration can provide invaluable information for science, possible future deflection actions and resource utilisation. This is only possible with space missions which approach the asteroid from its vicinity, i.e. rendezvous. This paper explores the use of solar sailing as means of propulsion for NEO rendezvous missions. Given the current state of sail technology, we search for multiple rendezvous missions of up to ten years and characteristic acceleration of up to 0.10 mm/s². Using a tree-search technique and subsequent trajectory optimisation, we find numerous options of up to three NEO encounters in the launch window 2019–2027. In addition, we explore steerable and throttleable low-thrust (e.g. solar-electric) rendezvous to a particular group of NEOs, the Taurid swarm. We show that an acceleration of 0.23 mm/s² would suffice for a rendezvous in approximately 2000 days, while shorter transfers are available as the acceleration increases. Finally, we show low-thrust options (0.3 mm/s²) to the fictitious asteroid 2019 PDC, as part of an asteroid deflection exercise.     

High performance two degrees of freedom attitude control for solar sails

The purpose of this paper is to present a high performance solar sail attitude controller which uses ballast masses moving inside the sail’s booms as actuators and to demonstrate its ability of performing time efficient reorientation maneuvers. The proposed controller consists of a combination of a feedforward and a feedback controller, which takes advantage of the feedforward’s fast response and the feedback’s ability of responding to unpredicted disturbances. The feedforward controller considers the attitude dynamics of the sailcraft as well as the disturbance torque due to the center of pressure offset to the center of mass of the sailcraft. Additional disturbance torques, like those coming from the environment or from asymmetry of the spacecraft structure, are then handled by the feedback controller. Simulation performance results are finally compared against results available in the literature.     

降低CC50汽轮机推力瓦运行温度研究

针对4#机组汽轮机出现正推力瓦运行金属温度偏高的状况,在深入调查4#机组汽轮机现状的基础上,通过与现有标准相比较,确定目标为正推力瓦运行金属温度≤95℃;在具体分析其影响因素的基础上,确定了5个主要影响因素,并针对其采取了相应措施,改造结果表明确实使4#机组汽轮机组正推力瓦运行金属温度低于95℃,达到了预期目标,为汽轮机的改造提供了技术指导。     

极坐标系连续常值推力机动分析

连续常值推力是空间飞行常用的轨道机动方式，在空间交会与星际航行使命中具有重要的应用价值。其中，小推力适合于地球轨道航天器交会机动，而切向或周向推力以及较大的正径向推力可用于脱离地球引力场的逃逸飞行，执行星际交会使命。应用常推力作用下的极坐标系质心运动方程，对机动推力的量值没有限制；在航天器交会应用中，对相对距离也无要求。这种方法可直接获得向径与速度等轨道参数随时间或极角（绕地心的转动角）的变化，便于分析轨道转移与逃逸运动，有助于飞行使命与运动轨迹的设计。特别是，若机动转移的初轨为圆轨道，在推力较小、飞行时间不长的情况下，应用无量纲形式运动方程，可获得具有工程应用价值的近似解。文章给出一些有关的结果与应用案例。     

矢量推力飞行控制不确定性系统中鲁棒控制器的设计

采用加权灵敏度函数环路成形的H∞准则,给出了矢量推力喷管飞行控制系统的一种鲁棒控制器设计方法。飞行条件变化时,该对象模型P不稳定,且模型存在动态不确定性,P~(-1)含虚轴极点。在摄动的模型上进行了鲁棒性能的仿真验证。     

H—5飞机灵活推力起飞探讨

根据目前训练飞行不挂炸弹,起飞质量较轻,冬季飞行发动机推力较大这一特点,通过理论分析及计算,得出了正常起飞质量下起飞所需转速随大气温度的关系,并通过反复试飞证明这一结论是正确的,且对使用小转速起飞的优点作了分析。     

塞式喷管主喷管角度特性

首先建立了塞式喷管角度特性的研究模型，并运用简化的塞锥设计方法设计塞锥型面，在此基础上，通过连续改变主喷管倾角来研究主喷管倾角对塞式喷管的推力性能的影响，并确定在给定设计条件下的主喷管最佳倾角，还分析研究了底部高度，内膨胀比，总膨胀比，总压和飞行高度与主喷管最佳倾角的关系以及变化规律，针对特定的塞式喷管实验发动机，进行了初步的变角度实验，并与计算结果进行比较和分析。