基于三坐标测量机的复杂曲面的重构设计与实现

阐述了基于三坐标测量机的复杂曲面反求设计思路,分析了采用等距扫描获取曲面数据的方法。同时对多种情况下的数据处理技术进行了简要总结,并深入剖析了NURBS曲面造型方案。     

含沟槽轴对称杆疲劳寿命的损伤力学闭合解

 首先建立了工程中常见的含环形沟槽轴对称杆的一个损伤力学守恒积分。利用此积分的守恒性与小范围损伤的条件,证明了在应力集中点有损伤时之应变比能等于无损伤时之应变比能。然后根据以损伤驱动力表示的损伤演化方程,通过分离变量积分获得疲劳裂纹形成寿命的闭合解。根据以上分析与结论,利用一种应力集中系数为K-T1试件的实验中值S-N曲线及相应数据确定了一种材料的疲劳演化参数,从而推出同样材料的其他应力集中系数为K-T2试件的中值S-N曲线。该项研究的应用可以大大地节约疲劳试验的机时与费用。     

轮廓度约束下近净成形叶片余量优化方法

针对近净成形的叶片在自适应精加工中余量不均这一问题,提出了考虑叶型截面线轮廓度公差约束的余量优化方法。在设计基准与加工基准配准的条件下,改变工件做刚性位移的余量优化思路,建立一种新的叶身优化模型,避免优化后叶片检测处的截面线超出轮廓度公差,提升叶片余量优化阶段寻找到目标加工曲面的能力。最后以某压气机叶片为例进行验证,此方法不仅能够保证叶身加工余量,还能同时满足型面检测处的轮廓度公差,为近净成形的叶片在自适应加工中提供一种新的余量优化方法。     

GEO星弹双基SAR多普勒分辨率特性分析

通过对地球同步轨道（GEO）卫星运动特点的分析，阐明其对多普勒分辨率的影响。传统的双基合成孔径雷达（SAR）多普勒分辨率表达式由于不考虑雷达平台加速度矢量带来的影响，并不适用于GEO星弹双基SAR系统。根据收发平台的双曲线轨迹对目标的回波多普勒特性影响，首先利用梯度方法推导了GEO星弹双基SAR系统的多普勒分辨率表达式；随后详细地分析了GEO卫星与导弹的空间几何关系及多普勒参数，特别是加速度矢量对多普勒分辨率的影响。仿真结果验证了所推导多普勒分辨率表达式的有效性，其有助于双基SAR理论系统完整性的提高，为后续系统设计及应用实践提供理论支撑。     

Space debris observations with the Slovak AGO70 telescope: Astrometry and light curves

The Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics of Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia (FMPI) operates its own 0.7-m Newtonian telescope (AGO70) dedicated to the space surveillance tracking and research, with an emphasis on space debris. The observation planning focuses on objects on geosynchronous (GEO), eccentric (GTO and Molniya) and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) orbits. To verify the system’s capabilities, we conducted an observation campaign in 2017, 2018 and 2019 focused on astrometric and photometric measurements. In last two years we have built up a light curve catalogue of space debris which is now freely available for the scientific community. We report periodic signals extracted from more than 285 light curves of 226 individual objects. We constructed phase diagrams for 153 light curves for which we obtained apparent amplitudes.     

Optimal trajectory planning of free-floating space manipulator using differential evolution algorithm

The existence of the path dependent dynamic singularities limits the volume of available workspace of free-floating space robot and induces enormous joint velocities when such singularities are met. In order to overcome this demerit, this paper presents an optimal joint trajectory planning method using forward kinematics equations of free-floating space robot, while joint motion laws are delineated with application of the concept of reaction null-space. Bézier curve, in conjunction with the null-space column vectors, are applied to describe the joint trajectories. Considering the forward kinematics equations of the free-floating space robot, the trajectory planning issue is consequently transferred to an optimization issue while the control points to construct the Bézier curve are the design variables. A constrained differential evolution (DE) scheme with premature handling strategy is implemented to find the optimal solution of the design variables while specific objectives and imposed constraints are satisfied. Differ from traditional methods, we synthesize null-space and specialized curve to provide a novel viewpoint for trajectory planning of free-floating space robot. Simulation results are presented for trajectory planning of 7 degree-of-freedom (DOF) kinematically redundant manipulator mounted on a free-floating spacecraft and demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.     

拟合任意空间曲面的B3样条方法及其实现

在计算机辅助几何设计中,曲线,曲面拟合多彩多项式作为基函数,本文通过几种曲线,曲面生成算法分析,提出了一种Ｂ３样条的拟合方法。它具有Ｂ样条的主要优点,且通过所有型值点,这一方法适用于自由曲线,曲面的设计。本文还结合拱坝体形设计实例说明了用此方法进行造型设计的方法。     

在25℃和-40℃环境下的三种航空材料的裂纹扩展品质研究

 为了探讨室温和低温环境下的航空金属材料的裂纹扩展特性,进行了-40℃和25℃两种温度环境下的LY12CZ,LC4CS和30CrMnSiNi2A 3种材料的a-N和da/dN△K曲线的对比试验研究。从试验结果比较得出,这3种材料在-40℃的a-N曲线和da/dN△K曲线全部高于25℃下的a-N曲线和da/dN△K曲线,说明这3种材料在-40℃环境下的裂纹扩展速率要比在25℃（常温）下的裂纹扩展速率要低,即同样材料在同一载荷谱作用下,低温环境下的裂纹扩展寿命要高于常温环境下的裂纹扩展寿命。     

两相流环缝塞式喷管设计方法

 在常滞后两相流假设下,提出改进的Angelino理想型面法和改进的“二次曲线+三次曲线”造型法设计两相流环缝塞式喷管;计算了这两种改进方法设计的塞式喷管性能。算例表明:在两相流条件下与未考虑两相流效应的气相理想方法设计的型面相比,改进的Angelino法设计的型面长度缩短近33%,推力增大约1%;改进的“二次曲线+三次曲线”造型法设计的型面长度减小近6%,性能提高约4%。     

Analysis Approach to Durability Based on Material Initial Fatigue Quality and S-N Curve

Based on probabilistic fracture mechanics approach, a new concept of material initial fatigue quality (MIFQ) is developed. Then, the relation between S-N curve and crack propagation curve is studied. From the study, a new durability analysis method is presented. In this method, S-N curve is used to determine crack growth rate under constant amplitude loading and evaluate the effects of different factors on durability and then the structural durability is analyzed. The tests and analyses indicate that this method has lower dependence on testing, and higher accuracy, reliability and generality and is convenient for application.