基于PSZT的RAINBOW型驱动器研究

基于反铁电陶瓷 (PSZT)化学还原制备的 RAINBOW驱动器是一种具有内部应力偏移 ,兼有还原层和氧化层 ,驱动位移较大的新型驱动器。实验发现 :反铁电陶瓷较易还原 ,理想还原条件为 :870℃保温 2～ 3h;与普通反铁电驱动器相比 ,RAINBOW驱动器能在强度较低的电场作用下发生铁电相变 ,并得到很大的轴向位移 (约 190μm) ;加载方式对 RAINBOW的驱动性能具有决定性的影响     

The primordial Helium-4 abundance determination: systematic effects

By extrapolating to O/H = N/H = 0 the empirical correlations Y–O/H and Y–N/H defined by a relatively large sample of 45 Blue Compact Dwarfs (BCDs), we have obtained a primordial ⁴Helium mass fraction Y _p=0.2443±0.0015 with dY/dZ=2.4±1.0. This result is in excellent agreement with the average Y _p=0.2452±0.0015 determined in the two most metal-deficient BCDs known, I Zw 18 (Z /50) and SBS 0335–052 (Z /41), where the correction for He production is smallest. The quoted error (1) of 1% is statistical and does not include systematic effects. We examine various systematic effects including collisional excitation of hydrogen lines, ionization structure and temperature fluctuation effects, and underlying stellar Hei absorption, and conclude that combining all systematic effects, our Y _p may be underestimated by 2–4%. Taken at face value, our Y _p implies a baryon-to-photon number ratio =(4.7^+1.0 _–0.8)×10^–10 and a baryon mass fraction _b h ² ₁₀₀=0.017±0.005 (2), consistent with the values obtained from deuterium and Cosmic Microwave Background measurements. Correcting Y _p upward by 2–4% would make the agreement even better.     

TDE—85/芳香族胺固化体系动力学研究

测试了TDE—85/芳香族胺体系在不同升温速率下的DTA曲线,通过Ozawa方程、Kissinger方程计算各体系的活化能,利用Crane方程计算各体系的反应级数。结果表明,DTA曲线均呈单峰,两种计算活化能的方法近似,TDE—85中两种环氧基反应活性近似,各体系反应级数均接近于1级反应。     

搅拌对熔铸—原位反应TiB2／Al和TiC／Al复合材料微观组织的影响

研究、开发了一种熔铸－ 原位反应颗粒增强铝基复合材料制备技术,探讨了搅拌工艺对３ｖｏｌ％ ＴｉＢ２ 和３ｖｏｌ％ ＴｉＣ颗粒增强铝基复合材料微观组织的影响。结果表明,采用圆盘状叶片的搅拌装置对获得颗粒均匀分布、组织致密的铝基复合材料十分有利。     

反应烧结碳化硅陶瓷航天器燃烧室的研制

采用反应烧结碳化硅陶瓷制备形状较复杂且尺寸精度要求高的某航天器燃烧室。研制结果表明：用反应烧结碳化硅陶瓷制备某航天器燃烧室是合适的,其强度随Ｓｉ含量的变化而有较大变化,在本文试验条件下,制件的最佳Ｓｉ含量为１０．５％ ;该方法适于制备使用温度在１５００℃以下尺寸精度要求高的高温结构件。     

金属基复合材料激光诱发反应焊接研究

将激光焊接技术用于碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料的焊接。激光能量诱发复合材料和反应添加物钛之间的相互作用产物形成了复合材料的焊接接头。在一定的焊接条件下该反应产物能够完全阻止有害碳化铝相在焊接区的形成。给出了金属基复合材料激光诱发反应焊的试验结果,并从理论上对激光诱发反应焊接机理进行了探讨。     

高超声速化学非平衡欧拉方程数值模拟

本文给出了求解高超声速化学非平衡无粘流场的数值模拟方法。计算中采用守恒变量型的ＮＮＤ差分格式和全流场捕捉技术;建立了（数学）奇性轴上的控制方程,克服了通常在其上插值方法所引起的扰动,改善了收敛性和计算精度;化学反应模型由五组元五反应组成;温度和压力的计算是非迭代的,有别于国内外惯用的迭代算法;此外,还发展了背风过低压区的处理方法,从而提高了欧拉方程的应用范围,使无粘非平衡绕流的计算攻角达到３０°     

带座舱飞船高超声速再入非平衡流场的数值研究

本文针对带座舱飞船高超声速再入大气层过程中存在的严重气动加热现象 ,利用简单隐式TVD差分格式和激波捕捉法 ,数值求解三维化学非平衡Navier Stokes方程 ,其中化学模型是 7组分 1 5个化学反应的空气化学模型 ,对带座舱飞船再入高度为 70km和速度为6 7km/s的化学非平衡流场进行了数值模拟 ,给出了带座舱飞船再入迎角为 0°,1 0°和 2 0°情况下的壁面热流、表面压力和电子数密度等参数分布     

Helium-3: Status and Prospects

We report on our continuing efforts to determine 3He abundances in H II regions and planetary nebulae. Our detections of 3He in some PNe show that some stars produce large amounts of 3He. However the H II region abundances show no evidence for this production. From our sample of > 40 H II regions, the subsample which should yield the most reliable abundances has 3He/H abundances which scatter between 1-2 × 10-5. There is no trend with either galactocentric distance or metallicity. Even if we do not understand the underlying mechanisms, we see empirically that stars neither produce nor destroy 3He in a major way. We thus suggest that the level of the "3He Plateau" (3He/H = 1.5 _-0.5 ^+1.0 × 10^-5) is a reasonable estimate for the primordial 3He.