高超声速化学非平衡欧拉方程数值模拟

本文给出了求解高超声速化学非平衡无粘流场的数值模拟方法。计算中采用守恒变量型的ＮＮＤ差分格式和全流场捕捉技术;建立了（数学）奇性轴上的控制方程,克服了通常在其上插值方法所引起的扰动,改善了收敛性和计算精度;化学反应模型由五组元五反应组成;温度和压力的计算是非迭代的,有别于国内外惯用的迭代算法;此外,还发展了背风过低压区的处理方法,从而提高了欧拉方程的应用范围,使无粘非平衡绕流的计算攻角达到３０°     

带座舱飞船高超声速再入非平衡流场的数值研究

本文针对带座舱飞船高超声速再入大气层过程中存在的严重气动加热现象 ,利用简单隐式TVD差分格式和激波捕捉法 ,数值求解三维化学非平衡Navier Stokes方程 ,其中化学模型是 7组分 1 5个化学反应的空气化学模型 ,对带座舱飞船再入高度为 70km和速度为6 7km/s的化学非平衡流场进行了数值模拟 ,给出了带座舱飞船再入迎角为 0°,1 0°和 2 0°情况下的壁面热流、表面压力和电子数密度等参数分布     

Helium-3: Status and Prospects

We report on our continuing efforts to determine 3He abundances in H II regions and planetary nebulae. Our detections of 3He in some PNe show that some stars produce large amounts of 3He. However the H II region abundances show no evidence for this production. From our sample of > 40 H II regions, the subsample which should yield the most reliable abundances has 3He/H abundances which scatter between 1-2 × 10-5. There is no trend with either galactocentric distance or metallicity. Even if we do not understand the underlying mechanisms, we see empirically that stars neither produce nor destroy 3He in a major way. We thus suggest that the level of the "3He Plateau" (3He/H = 1.5 _-0.5 ^+1.0 × 10^-5) is a reasonable estimate for the primordial 3He.     

气-固耦合设计对斜流叶轮性能影响的数值分析

为了获得在设计工况下性能最佳的叶型,提出一种三维单向气-固耦合迭代设计方法。对三维气动设计得到的热态叶型（记为RT)进行单向气-固耦合计算,获得设计点流场特性和热态叶型变形量。采用基于面积平均的三维插值造型方法,分别获得进行机匣处理和不进行机匣处理的冷态叶轮(分别记为RC和RC-tip)。对冷热态叶轮流场的数值分析结果表明:与热态叶轮相比,冷态叶轮在设计转速下堵塞点流量提高1.93%;冷态叶轮的叶片最小负荷下降约30%;在低转速下,冷态叶轮的性能曲线优于热态叶轮;说明通过该设计流程得到的冷态叶轮在叶片负荷和流通能力等方面实现了优化。      

Improvement in the GERB short wave flux estimations over snow covered surfaces

Because space-borne radiometers do not measure the Earth’s outgoing fluxes directly, angular distribution models (ADMs) are required to relate actual radiance measurement to flux at given solar angle, satellite-viewing geometries, surface, and atmospheric conditions. The conversion of one footprint broad-band radiance into the corresponding flux requires therefore one to first characterize each footprint in terms of surface type and cloud cover properties to properly select the adequate ADM.

A snow (and sea-ice) retrieval technique based on spectral measurements from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) on board Meteosat 8 is presented. It has been developed to improve the scene identification and thus the ADM selection in the near-real time processing of the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) data at the Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium. The improvement in the GERB short wave flux estimations over snow covered scene types resulting from angular conversion using dedicated snow ADMs (e.g., empirical snow ADMs and/or pre-computed theoretical snow ADM) instead of empirical snow-free ADMs is discussed.     

空气动力对薄膜结构动力特性的影响规律

薄膜结构刚度小、自重轻、自振频率低,对外力作用非常敏感,因此在分析其动力特性时应考虑到空气与结构的耦合作用。本文利用附加空气质量、辐射阻尼和气承刚度这一简化气动力模型来考虑空气与振动薄膜结构之间的相互作用。分别推导了附加空气质量、辐射阻尼和气承刚度的计算方法及其相应的变化规律。并进一步采用算例分析对结构在空气中的自由振动和受迫简谐振动进行了系统分析,同时探讨了气动力对薄膜结构动力特性的影响规律。     

高硅条件下锰对奥贝球铁硬度的影响研究

奥贝球墨铸铁能够实现高硬度的同时具有较高的韧性,适合于一定冲击条件下的耐磨零件工作要求,本文针对奥贝球铁高硅成分中锰的作用研究,为该材料的应用提供了实验基础研究。     

FCDU测试系统中SGU模块的研制

阐明了FCDU中扫描信号的加入原理,讨论了利用单片机和数模转换板的相互配合来实现模数2路信号同步发送的硬件、软件实现方法,最后给出研制结果。     

离解反应速率常数中的方位因素

以碰撞理论为基础探讨了结构方位因素对离解反应速率常数的影响,建立了计及方位特征的离解反应模型,计算对比了热平衡假设下空气中几个典型的离解反应的Arrhenius图.结果表明,在所选实例中,除了反应N₂+N和O₂+O外,考虑方位因素后确实能够更好地理论估算出反应速率常数.对上述例外文中做了一定的讨论.