航空发动机PID控制参数优化的改进遗传算法

提出一种基于参考模型特征指标的P ID控制参数寻优算法。采用遗传算法(GA)优化某型涡扇发动机P ID控制参数,以理想二阶系统作为参考模型,将其与实际闭环系统输出差值平方的时间积分作为系统的适应度函数。设计过程中只需选择二阶系统的自然频率和阻尼比就能准确地实现期望的动态和稳态性能。与传统的基于系统性能指标加权的适应度函数相比,新的适应度函数计算方法避免了加权系数与系统响应形式没有明确对应关系的缺陷。新方法所选参数物理意义明确,算法简单,易于实现。     

无人机折叠机翼展开运动特性研究

采用两种分析方法对某无人机的机翼折叠/展开运动特性进行研究。建立该机构运动的微分方程,用龙格-库塔法进行求解;用M ATLAB非线性优化工具包对扭转弹簧的主要参数进行了优化设计;利用多体动力学分析软件进行机构的运动仿真分析。两种方法得到分析结果与实验吻合很好。     

DSMC方法模拟微尺度流动时的特征参数选取

利用DSM C算法对微尺度平板附面层流动进行了数值模拟研究,分析了算法中3个主要特征参数:采样循环数、单位网格粒子数和子网格数对模拟结果的影响。分析结果表明,当采样循环数增加到一定程度后,计算结果趋于一致,考虑到计算机时,采样数取8左右为宜;单位网格粒子数过多或过少都会使计算机时增加,太少了还会影响计算精度,建议4~5个左右合适;子网格数对运算时间影响很大,分析认为每个网格内的子网格数为4时最为节约计算时间。最后通过微通道内流动计算进一步验证了本文参数选择方法的可行性。     

关于差分一致性函数的一点注记

具有差分一致性的函数在编码中有重要的应用。文中注记中提供了几个平面函数及一些几乎完全非线性函数。并且利用作者发现的一个关于Dickson多项式的有趣等式,找到了一些幂函数的差分一致性的上界。当有限域的特征小于11时,证明了这个上界是最好的。     

Theoretical and experimental investigation on novel 2D maglev servo proportional valve

This paper presents a novel two-dimensional maglev servo proportional cartridge valve (2D maglev valve), where a contactless maglev coupling is introduced between electro-mechanical converter and valve body to realize functions of force transmission, spool position feedback and linear-rotary motion conversion. Such configuration can effectively reduce cost of both valve manufacturing and electro-mechanical converter, while still maintain features of 2D valve such as null pilot leakage, high power-to- weight ratio and excellent anti-pollution capacity. Firstly, the characteristic equation of the valve is derived using linear theory, and the stability criterion is established for parameter determination. The influences of crucial structural parameters such as initial height of overlapping area, width of high-pressure and low-pressure holes, acting radius of magnetic force, pitch angle of maglev coupling, length of sensitive chamber and system pressure on the dynamic response are investigated based on AMESim numerical simulation. The prototype valve is then designed and manufactured and a special test rig is built. The no-load flow characteristic, load flow characteristic, leakage characteristic, amplitude and phase frequency characteristics and step response under different system pressures are measured. The experimental results are in a good agreement with the simulated analysis. As an over-damped system, the prototype valve has excellent working stability, which can reach a no-load flow rate of 105.9 L/min with hysteresis of 3.51%, amplitude bandwidth of 28.7 Hz and phase bandwidth of 42.8 Hz under 21 MPa. The research indicates that the 2D maglev valve can be a potential solution of flow rate control valve for flight control surface system of civil aircraft with high pressure and large flow rate application.     

Characteristics and mechanisms of turboshaft engine axial compressor casing containment

To investigate the containment characteristics and mechanisms of axial compressor blade and casing in turboshaft engine, experimental and simulation research is conducted on Titanium alloy axial compressor blades and stainless steel simulator casings in this paper. Experiments for four thicknesses (from 0.8 mm to 1.4 mm) of casings are presented on high-speed spin tester. Perforation, ricochet with and without failure of the casings are obtained in test results. Three obvious bulges or dishing region are observed, petaling failure occurs in the first bulge or the third deformation region. Parabolic and elongated dimples are observed at the fracture surface. Finite Element (FE) models with calibrated Johnson-Cook material behavior law are built and analyzed by using explicit dynamic software for a better understanding on the containment behavior. Good agreement is obtained between the experimental observations and numerical predictions. The evolution of the impact force, energy absorption, temperature increase and the cracks’ propagation are analyzed. Three force peaks occur in the impact process. Energy analysis reveals that penetration condition of ricochet with failure leads to most internal energy of the casing.     

数值模拟中的边界处理方法研究

为适应于模拟超声速流场中的一些特殊物理现象,研究了不同物理现象对边界处理的要求。针对激波、旋涡和声波等流场中典型的流动现象,采用常用的外推、特征和缓冲三类边界处理方法分别进行数值模拟。计算结果表明超声速流场边界采用外推技术,只适于计算带有激波的边界。特征方法还能适于旋涡运动的计算。声波的计算只能采用缓冲层技术。     

结构/非结构网格中的数值优化计算

非结构网格因其在处理外形方面所具有的特殊优越性而倍受关注.在结构/非结构网格中做了粘性流动的数值优化计算,优化计算包括单目标和双目标气动优化,以及反设计计算,即从初始翼型不断修型而实现给定翼型的外形及压力分布的目标.算例及其结果分析证明了该方法用于翼型的修型和设计计算的有效性.      

超高层建筑表面脉动风压空间相关特性试验研究

通过对某超高层建筑模型同步测压风洞试验,分别从时域和频域对模型各表面典型测点脉动风压水平和竖向空间相关性系数、以及水平和竖向相干函数进行了全面深入分析.与相关参考文献中提出的经典风速相干函数表达式进行了比较,给出了侧风面脉动风压相干函数考虑涡旋脱落影响的新的数学模型,拟合了公式参数,得到的结果可为建立更为精细的气动力模型所参考.     

环形流道流体阻力特性实验研究

针对环形流道下流体阻力特性较圆管阻力特性存在差异,对不同尺寸间隙的环形流道流体阻力特性进行了实验研究.依据圆管流体流动特性原理,推导出摩擦阻力计算公式,采集实验数据、计算实验结果,并对实验结果进行比较、分析.结果表明,环形通道流动特性与流道间隙大小有关,认为间隙为2.5mm是环形通道流动特性的临界点.研究发现,间隙尺寸大于2.5mm时摩擦阻力系数与理论计算相符,流态转捩雷诺数与常规尺寸基本吻合;间隙小于2.5mm为窄环形通道,窄环形流道流体阻力系数随间隙的减小而减小,流道流体流态转捩点明显提前,并且间隙值越小流态转捩雷诺数越小.