Flow Field Investigation in a Trapezoidal Duct with Swirl Flow Induced by Impingement Jets

An enlarged model of trapezoidal duct near the leading-edge in the blade is built up. The effects of impingement jets, swirl flow, cross flow and effusion flow are considered. Experiments are performed to measure flow fields in this confined passage and exit holes on one of its side walls. Cross flow and effusion flow are induced in the channel by the outflow of side exit hole (SEH) and film cooling hole (FCH), which are oriented on one end wall and bottom wall of the passage. Detailed flow structures are measured for two impingement angles of 35° and 45° with 6 combinations of outflow ratios. Results show that the small jets impinge the target wall effectively while the large jets contribute to inducing and impelling a strong counter-clockwise vortex in the upper part of the passage. Cross flow plays a dominate role for the flow structures in the passage and exit holes. It deflects jets, enhances swirl and deteriorates side exit conditions. Impingement angle is another significant factor for the flow characteristics. Its effect reveals more evidently with cross flow. Within the present test conditions, the mass flow rates and outflow positions of FCHs have no distinct effect on the main flow structures.     

聚酰亚胺泡沫吸声性能与理论分析

采用前驱体微球法制备闭孔聚酰亚胺泡沫,并对其吸声性能进行了研究。结果表明,闭孔聚酰亚胺泡沫具有共振吸声特点;对闭孔聚酰亚胺泡沫的吸声系数进行了理论推导,研究了泡沫厚度对泡沫吸声性能的影响,分析了聚酰亚胺泡沫的吸声理论;采用闭孔泡沫与开孔泡沫组合后,泡沫整体吸声性能显著提高。     

Recent progress in flapping wing aerodynamics and aeroelasticity

Micro air vehicles (MAVs) have the potential to revolutionize our sensing and information gathering capabilities in areas such as environmental monitoring and homeland security. Flapping wings with suitable wing kinematics, wing shapes, and flexible structures can enhance lift as well as thrust by exploiting large-scale vortical flow structures under various conditions. However, the scaling invariance of both fluid dynamics and structural dynamics as the size changes is fundamentally difficult. The focus of this review is to assess the recent progress in flapping wing aerodynamics and aeroelasticity. It is realized that a variation of the Reynolds number (wing sizing, flapping frequency, etc.) leads to a change in the leading edge vortex (LEV) and spanwise flow structures, which impacts the aerodynamic force generation. While in classical stationary wing theory, the tip vortices (TiVs) are seen as wasted energy, in flapping flight, they can interact with the LEV to enhance lift without increasing the power requirements. Surrogate modeling techniques can assess the aerodynamic outcomes between two- and three-dimensional wing. The combined effect of the TiVs, the LEV, and jet can improve the aerodynamics of a flapping wing. Regarding aeroelasticity, chordwise flexibility in the forward flight can substantially adjust the projected area normal to the flight trajectory via shape deformation, hence redistributing thrust and lift. Spanwise flexibility in the forward flight creates shape deformation from the wing root to the wing tip resulting in varied phase shift and effective angle of attack distribution along the wing span. Numerous open issues in flapping wing aerodynamics are highlighted.     

基于瞬态尾迹模型的直升机旋翼旋转噪声计算

针对旋翼噪声时域方式求解的特点,本文在能考虑厚度影响的桨叶升力面气动模型的基础上,建立了一个随时间推进的瞬时自由尾迹模型,在该模型中,为提高桨叶载荷计算的准确性,计入了翼型的非定常气动力影响、桨叶的挥舞运动和旋翼的气动力平衡。利用建立的自由尾迹模型,结合Farassat的时域噪声预测理论,构建了一个旋翼旋转噪声预测方法。利用该方法首先计算了模型旋翼在前飞时的载荷和声压时间历程,通过与试验数据的对比,验证了方法的有效性,然后基于本文建立的噪声预测方法,计算了悬停和前飞状态直升机旋翼的厚度噪声、载荷噪声及总旋转噪声的声压时间历程和频谱特性。     

基于动叶污垢沉积的数值模拟

采用三维数值方法研究了污垢沉积对压气机动叶性能的影响.对具有一定典型性的真实压气机动叶NASA Rotor 37进行数值研究,通过与文献中实验数据的对比,校核了商业CFD(computational fluid dynamics)计算代码的可靠性,结果表明计算得到的性能曲线与实验数据有较好的一致性,应用于数值模拟手段是可行的.随后通过增加叶片和端壁的表面粗糙度和厚度来模拟不同的污垢沉积程度对压气机动叶性能的影响,结果表明:增加叶片厚度和表面粗糙度都将引起总压比和等熵效率降低;增加表面粗糙度将导致流量下降,稳定工况范围向小流量方向移动;而增加叶片厚度将使得稳定工况范围明显减小,堵点流量下降较显著,这将导致动叶工作特性恶化程度增大.      

超临界翼型尾缘噪声影响因素研究

使用大涡模拟(LES)和FW-H相结合的方法对超临界翼型尾缘噪声进行了研究。针对超临界翼型后缘的不同设计参数(后缘厚度、后缘角和几何形状)对尾缘噪声的影响,使用ANSYS FLUENT的LES湍流模型计算声源,采用FW-H积分方法求解远场噪声总声压级。首先完成二维非定常流圆柱绕流的流场及其噪声的验证计算,计算结果与实验值符合,证明了求解器设置和网格生成的合理性。然后基于此正确的求解器设置和网格生成,使用LES/FWH对比了典型超临界翼型的不同后缘设计参数对远场总声压级的影响,所得结论对低噪声超临界翼型优化设计有参考意义,同时为进一步的噪声控制优化设计提供了基础。     

涂层厚度对AZ91D镁合金WC涂层性能影响研究

采用JP-5000超音速火焰喷涂技术在AZ91D镁合金表面喷涂WC-10Co4Cr涂层。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计等设备和浸泡腐蚀实验来分析WC涂层的组织结构和性能。结果表明：WC涂层均匀、致密,孔隙较少,涂层与基体结合紧密,无裂纹,无剥离;WC发生分解形成W2C,分解率与火焰作用时间有关;随涂层厚度的增加,涂层的显微硬度有增大的趋势;WC涂层提高了镁合金的耐腐蚀性。     

复合材料布带缠绕智能纠偏控制技术

智能纠偏是复合材料缠绕成型的关键技术之一,其焦点问题是如何实现布带跑偏量的精确检测控制.在分析布带跑偏机理及纠偏可行性的基础上,针对布带跑偏量检测问题,提出了基于线阵电荷耦合(CCD)的布带边缘检测方法,并对其检测原理进行了分析.在此基础上,建立了智能纠偏控制系统的数学模型,分析了系统的稳定性,并采用Fuzzy-PID...     

同轴剪切喷嘴出口壁厚对气-气燃烧性能的影响

以富氢/富氧燃气为推进剂,在单喷嘴燃烧室中开展同轴剪切喷嘴出口壁厚对燃烧性能影响的研究。通过求解N-S方程获得燃烧流场,分析氧喷嘴出口壁厚变化对燃烧产物、温度分布的影响,进行了壁厚变化对特征速度效率和热载影响的试验研究。结果表明,较厚的氧喷嘴出口壁厚有利于稳定火焰,氧喷嘴出口壁厚较薄时特征速度效率较低,并伴随有燃烧室压力不稳定现象。     

基于提升小波和形态学的图像边缘检测算法

基于提升小波变换和形态学的基本理论,提出了一种提升小波和形态学相结合的图像边缘检测算法,算法充分利用了提升小波变换相对于传统小波变换快速而有效的完成小波分解和重构的算法优势。形态学运算在图像处理中具有独特的优势,利用其对图像膨胀和腐蚀的差运算来获取图像的边缘,取得了很好的效果。实验结果表明,算法边缘定位准确,抗噪能力强,检测出的图像边缘连续、平滑,是一种有效的边缘检测方法。