基于非线性摩擦模型参数观测器的自适应摩擦补偿方法的研究

通过摩擦补偿的分析提出了一种基于非线性摩擦模型参数观测器的自适应摩擦补偿方法,从工程实用角度出发采用的是库仑加粘滞的摩擦模型,设计了两个观测器实现对库仑摩擦系数和粘滞摩擦系数的估计,并用MATLAB软件对转台工作状态进行了仿真,结果表明此观测器有良好的自适应补偿性能。     

基于小波的能源消费弹性系数预测方法

能源消费弹性系数反映了一个国家能源消费增长速度与国民经济增长速度之间的比例关系,是衡量一个国家能源利用效率的重要指标。鉴于数据中存在较多的噪声,首先用小波分析方法对数据进行滤波,然后用滤除了噪声的数据作为输入变量,用支持向量回归方法建模,并预测未来10年我国能源消费弹性系数变化的规律。实际数据检验表明,该预测方法还是可行的。     

7一种双S形进气道流场特性殛控制的试验研究

In order to provide the line of-sight blockage of the engine face for an advanced Uninhabited Combat Air Vehicle(UCAV), a highly curved serpentine inlet is proposed and experimentally studied. Based on the static pressure distribut ion measurement along the wall, the flow separation is found at the top wall of the second S duct for the baseline inlet design, which yields a high flow distortion at the exit plane. To improve the flow uniformity, a single array of vortex generators (VGs) is employed within the inlet. In this experimental study, the effects of mass flow ratio, free stream Mach number, angle of attack and yaw on the performance of a serpentine inlet instrumented with VGs are obtained. Results indicate: (1) Compared with the baseline serpentine design without flow control the application of the VGs promotes the mixing of core flow and the low momentum flow in the boundary layer and thus prevents the flow separation. Under the design condition, the exit flow distortion (

) decreases from 11. 7% to 2.3% by using the VGs. (2) With the descent of the free stream Mach number the total pressure loss decreases. How ever, the circular total pressure distortion increases. When the angle of attack rises from - 4° to 8°, the total pressure recovery and the circular total pressure distortion both go down. In addition, with the increase of yaw the total pressure recovery is fairly constant, while the circular total pressure distortion ascends gradually. (3) When Ma₀=0.6-0.8, α= −4°-8° and β= 0°-6°, the total pressure recovery varies between 0.936 and 0.961, the circular total pressure distortion coefficient varies between 1.4% and 5.4% and the synthesis distortion coefficient has a ranges from 3.8% to 7.0%. The experimental results confirm the excellent performance of the newly designed serpentine inlet incorporating VGs.     

利用反射式衍射光栅进行瞬态应变测量

介绍了利用反射式衍射光栅进行瞬态应变测量的方法,在一维细长杆中,通过测量杆未端的绝对速度,就可以算出动态应变和应变灵敏度系数K,文章对该方法进行了理论计算和实验结果分析,给出了结论和进一步研究方向。     

利用几何遗传方法优化前缘翼根延伸的外形以增强飞行器升力系数和机动性

为了提高所选定飞行器模型的机动性,采用了一种标准遗传算法设计前缘翼根延伸(LEX).同时使用一种由三维低阶板方法结合DATCOM方法半经验公式的改进方法预测复杂外形飞行器(机身 机翼 尾翼)的空气动力载荷和最大升力系数.结果表明,在前缘翼根存在的情况下,升力系数在马赫数为0.4～0.8时提升了20.5%～15.3%,在马赫数为1.2时提升了6.8%,在马赫数为0.2～0.95之间升力系数最大值提升了9.5%～15%.在1～5 km的高度亚音速飞行时,其回转率得到了6.6%～8.0%的提升.     

台阶篦齿与衬套轴向位置和转速对封严特性影响的实验

设计了上台阶和下台阶篦齿两组实验模型,研究了旋转和静止两种状态下篦齿进出口压比、篦齿与衬套轴向相对位置以及转速对封严特性的影响.结果表明:齿型结构尺寸相同时,上台阶篦齿和下台阶篦齿的封严特性相似,增加篦齿前后腔压比,台阶篦齿的泄漏系数增加;进口总压和总温一定时,齿间压力沿流动方向线性下降;台阶篦齿与台阶衬套的轴向相对位置的改变对台阶篦齿的泄漏量影响不大;低转速时旋转速度对台阶篦齿泄漏影响也不大.      

火星探测器使命轨道捕获策略研究

分析了火星探测器使命轨道捕获策略研究需求,给出了三种可用的典型捕获策略,建立了速度纵向平面内的飞行动力学方程,对三种典型策略进行了飞行动力学仿真,给出了各策略完成捕获所需速度增量、任务耗时及过。通过对仿真结果的分析比较,得出研究结论为：直接制动捕获任务耗时及过载较小,但速度增量需求较大;多次穿越后捕获任务耗时较长,但速度增量需求和过载较小;一次穿越后捕获速度增量需求较小且任务耗时较短,但过载较大。     

Area-oriented coordinated trajectory planning of dual-arm space robot for capturing a tumbling target

The growing amount of space debris poses a threat to operational spacecraft and the long-term sustainability of activities in outer space. According to the orbital mechanics, an uncontrolled space object will be tumbling, bringing great challenge to capture and remove it. In this paper, a dual-arm coordinated ‘‘Area-Oriented Capture"(AOC) method is proposed to capture a non-cooperative tumbling target. Firstly, the motion equation of the tumbling target is established, based on which, the dynamic properties are analyzed. Then, the ‘‘Area-Oriented Capture"concept is presented to deal with the problem of large pose(position and attitude) deviation and tumbling motion. An area rather than fixed points/devices is taken as the object to be tracked and captured. As long as the manipulators' end-effectors move to a specified range of the objective areas(not fixed points on the target, but areas), the target satellite will be hugged by the two arms.At last, the proposed method and the traditional method(i.e. fixed-point oriented capture method)are compared and analyzed through simulation. The results show that the proposed method has larger pose tolerance and takes shorter time for capturing a tumbling target.     

火焰筒壁面孔流量系数的试验研究

本文对火焰筒壁面孔的流量系数进行了试验研究。试验是在矩形试验件上进行的,模拟了燃烧室流动状态。对平面圆孔,不同翻边半径和翻边高度的翻边圆孔,在不同速度比 Va_1/VⅡ_1和加热比θ下进行流量系数试验研究。冷吹风状态和热态流量系数的最大差别在5～9％之间。将冷态下的流量系数 C_d 表示成流动参数 F_p 的关系。     

玻璃纤维增强酚醛基复合材料平均线胀系数测试影响因素

研究了保温时间、升温速率、预处理温度等对玻璃纤维增强酚醛基复合材料线胀系数测试的影响。结果表明,玻璃纤维增强酚醛基复合材料在加热条件下进一步固化,造成样品收缩与样品受热膨胀相抵消,升温曲线出现平台。因此,测试前应对样品进行预处理,处理温度高于试样最终的测试温度,低于样品固化温度,以免材料内部结构发生变化;设置合适的升温速率,升温速率低,增加了时间成本,升温速率太高,测温热电偶引入的误差增加,且不均匀的加热使试样产生热应力,影响试验结果。