融化过程自然对流影响作用的实验研究

采用实验的方法对相变材料融化过程中自然对流的影响进行了研究,获得了自然对流作用下的融化速率与平均Nusselt数的准则关系式.结果表明,与纯导热模型相比,自然对流作用加速了融化的进行,建立导热-对流耦合传热模型对于准确预测融化过程具有一定的必要性.     

基于相位重合点检测技术的频标比对系统

相位重合点检测是一种高准确度测量周期性信号参数的技术,已实际应用于高准确度频率计中。介绍了相位重合点检测技术的原理及其在频标比对系统中的应用。实际工作情况证明,采用相位重合点检测技术的频标比对系统,具有电路简单,可靠性高的优点,测量分辨力达到了100 ps量级。     

亚表面缺陷脉冲相位热成像检测技术

对脉冲相位热成像技术应用于亚表面缺陷的检测进行了实验研究,给出了铝合金和聚合物两种典型的金属和非金属试件的检测结果,并同传统红外热成像检测的对比度图像进行了对比。还对脉冲相位热成像检测技术中频谱分析的有关问题进行了分析,指出选择采集频率、采集窗口大小要考虑的影响因素,并分别采用组合平滑滤波、分段拟合的方法改善了相位变换的实际效果。结果表明脉冲相位辐射测量技术与一般光热辐射测量相比,测量结果明显改善,增强探测缺陷特别是深度缺陷的能力,减小加热不均等表面因素对测量的影响。     

北斗长河组合导航伪时差测量与ASF修正

通过时间比对手段把长河二号和北斗一号两个导航系统的原子钟组成一个参考时间尺度,测量导航信号由天线发出时刻相对于同一参考时间尺度的时差改正数,通过卫星微波或地面长波信号把改正数发送给用户接收机,经解调解码,就可以进行北斗长河组合导航的伪时差测量,从而解算接收机的位置和钟差。用模式计算和实测相结合的方法解决长河信号的传播的ASF改正问题,是提高组合导航定位准确度的有效手段。     

一种低轨星座高精度相位保持方法

针对大型低轨星座在轨运行的高精度构型保持问题,提出了一种基于极限环的高精度相位保持方法。首先,推导了实际轨道与参考轨道的平相位角偏差与半长轴偏差的关系；然后,建立了基于极限环的相位保持周期以及半长轴改变量计算方法；最后,基于推导的半长轴偏差与相位偏差的关系,提出了一种相位保持实施方法。考虑地球非球形和大气阻力的数值仿真表明：本文提出的相位保持方法能够在卫星定轨数据精度不高、数据采样间隔较大的情况下,实现低轨星座系统的高精度相位保持。     

Ka频段大口径测控天线无人机校相方法设计与验证

面向Ka频段航天测控设备天线标校工程应用需求,分析了大口径测控天线相位校准方法原理,论证设计了轻量化、模块化的组合式测控应答机无人机装载模式,提出了基于无人机的S频段天线自跟踪叠加偏置进行Ka频段天线快速校相的方法,并进行了跟踪精度分析。计算了在不同地面测控天线口径下进行相位标校的链路余量,规划了无人机飞行航路和试验步骤,并进行了Ka频段天线快速校相、电轴一致性测试试验,每次相位标校得出的交叉耦合和灵敏度系数指标均满足天线对无人机信标的闭环自跟踪要求。结果表明,基于无人机平台的大口径测控天线相位校准方法能够为Ka频段测控设备标校提供一种新的手段,具有良好的工程应用前景。     

Fast calibration of between-receiver GPS/Galileo/BDS differential phase bias with millimeter accuracy based on short baseline mode

The differential code and phase biases induced by the receiver hardware (including receiver, antenna, firmware, etc.) of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have significant effects on precise timing and ionosphere sensing, thus deserve careful treatment. In this contribution, we propose an approach to fast fix the single-difference ambiguity to finally obtain the unbiased estimates of between-receiver differential phase bias (BR-DPB) and between-receiver differential code-phase bias (BR-DCPB) based on the short baseline mode. The key to this method is that the error sources can be significantly eliminated due to the length of the baseline is very short. At the same time, the empirical constraints and random characteristics of BR-DPB/BR-DCPB were considered, which is conducive to the resolution of single-difference ambiguity. Several sets of GNSS data (GPS L1/L2, Galileo E1/E5b, and BDS B1/B3), recorded by the short baselines in an interval of 30 s and covered a broad range of receiver/antenna types (JAVA, SEPT, LEIC, and TRIM), were used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The numerical tests show that the proposed method is capable of fast fixing the single-difference ambiguity successfully within a few epochs and then providing the unbiased estimates of BR-DPB and BR-DCPB in an epoch-by-epoch manner. Experiments show that the estimated BR-DPB is in millimeter accuracy, which is of great significance for the millimeter-accuracy phase time transfer and ionospheric delay estimation. Furthermore, the calibrated BR-DPB/BR-DCPB can be treated as the known products for long-distance precise timing and ionosphere sensing based on the inter-station single-difference model.     

一种新型铁电移相器材料的第一性原理计算

铁电薄膜移相器是基于铁电材料的新型移相器,被广泛应用于相控阵天线中。对于这类移相器组成材料的性能改进一直是雷达系统在军事、航天等领域的研究热点之一。基于第一性原理密度泛函理论,综合分析了ABi₂Nb₂O₉(A=Ba, Pb, Sr, Ca)材料的电子属性、化学键和极化属性。结果表明:这种体系有着类似的铁电性起源；Nb—O和Bi—O间的杂化对于系统的畸变和铁电相的稳定起着重要作用；随着A位离子半径的增大,体系的畸变参数也随之增大,导致材料有更大的自发极化,增强了铁电移相器的性能。实验结果验证了理论计算的正确性,为新型铁电移相器的研发奠定了基础。     

Integrated method of guidance,control and morphing for hypersonic morphing vehicle in glide phase

The morphing technology of hypersonic vehicle improved the flight performance by changing aerodynamic characteristics with shape deformations, but the design of guidance and control system with morphing laws remained to be explored. An Integrated of Guidance, Control and Morphing (IGCM) method for Hypersonic Morphing Vehicle (HMV) was developed in this paper. The IGCM method contributed to an effective solution of morphing characteristic to improve flight performance and reject the disturbance for guidance and control system caused by the morphing system for HMV in gliding phase. The IGCM models were established based on the motion models and aerodynamic models of the variable span vehicle. Then the IGCM method was designed by adaptive block dynamic surface back-stepping method with stability proof. The parallel controlled simulations’ results showed the effectiveness in accomplishing the flight mission of IGCM method in glide phase with smaller terminal errors. The velocity loss of HMV was reduced by 32.8% which inferred less flight time and larger terminal flight velocity than invariable span vehicle. Under the condition of large deviations of aerodynamic parameters and atmospheric density, the robustness of IGCM method with variable span was verified.     

小数偏差产品质量评估及固定性能分析

为了评估不同小数偏差产品的数据质量和模糊度固定效果，比较了2016年全年的SGG FCB产品和CNES产品，结果表明两种产品具有很高的一致性，SGG FCB产品的数据完整性更好。应用两种产品进行精密单点定位(PPP)固定解的静态结果平面位置精度可以达到1 cm以内，高程位置精度可以达到1~2 cm，采用两种产品获得的PPP模糊度固定率十分接近，动态模式下处理静态数据的位置结果可以达到平面2~3 cm，高程5 cm以内的精度，两组固定解的位置误差结果差异不超过5 mm，模糊度固定成功率分别为92.37%和92.14%，两种小数偏差产品在23分钟左右完成首次固定，能够有效提高PPP的收敛速度。使用两种小数偏差产品得到的机载动态数据结果也非常相近。