利用星地差分GPS的地基测控系统实时标校方法

针对地基测控系统传统标校方法和基于差分GPS事后标校方法的不足,提出了一种基于低轨卫星与地面测控站之间星地差分GPS的地基测控系统测量误差实时标校方法。与基于差分GPS的事后标校相比,实时标校能使地基测控系统及时获取标校后的测量数据,从而实时进行轨道解算和预报,并及时上注以提升卫星运行性能。针对星地长基线、高动态和实时标校场景,系统地分析了影响星地基线估计性能的各项误差及修正效果,并提出相对位置精度因子的概念,由此得到星地基线估计精度预算。采用基于抗差自适应卡尔曼滤波的实时星地基线估计算法,并利用加权最小二乘法求解测控系统测量误差,从而获得校准结果。利用星载双频GPS接收机和导航信号模拟器构建半实物仿真平台,仿真结果表明,实时标校后测距系统误差残差降低到40cm左右,测速系统误差残差降低到1cm/s以下,与理论分析结果一致,可以较好地满足未来航天任务的测控需求。     

一种数字阵列雷达小视场快速成像方法

针对通道幅相误差和RCM(距离单元徙动)幅相误差同时出现导致数字阵列雷达近程成像效果不佳的问题,研究了一种在小视场条件下快速实现数字阵列雷达近程成像的方法。通过研究数字阵列雷达的回波信号模型,确定了DBF(数字波束合成)成像中幅相误差的来源,在此基础上,建立了数字阵列雷达小视场成像的快速DBF成像模型。理论仿真和实测数据表明:该方法在校准通道幅相误差时能有效实现RCM幅相误差的补偿,通过单次FFT(快速傅里叶变换)即可实现DBF成像。与现有小视场成像方法相比,该方法能在保证成像质量的前提下,显著提高成像效率,在系统性能评估测试等小视场应用中具有较好的应用前景。     

分布式守时架构下的高精度时间比对技术研究

为了实现分布式联合守时系统建立需求,设计了远程时间比对系统,包含卫星共视、卫星双向和光纤双向三种时间比对手段,系统内使用的国产化设备比对精度与进口设备相当,实现了实验室间多手段、高精度钟差测量。使用移动校准站完成了时间比对设备相对零值校准,在相距50 km的实验室间开展长达20天的时间比对,试验结果表明,三种比对手段测量得到两地钟差均值相差小于1 ns,变化趋势相同,变化幅度相近,均可以准确测量得到两地钟差。     

卫星波束标校信号码型对比分析

针对GEO轨道通信卫星同步定点后会出现周期性漂移,导致波束指向不确定的问题,本文对波束标校系统中的信号捕获进行了研究。由于标校信号捕获依赖于标校信号之间的正交性及其自相关特性,因此文中提出了标校系统中信号码型选择需要考虑的关键问题。特别是在天线存在指向误差时,Ka频段标校站接收信号功率最大差异可达近30 dB,这给标校信号码型设计和标校信号的捕获带来了困难,因此文中从码型的抗干扰性能、实现复杂度、能量估计精度和捕获特性等几个方面,分析和对比了m序列信号、Walsh信号、单频信号和Chirp信号（扫频信号）这4种码型各自的优点和缺点,并用MATLAB进行了仿真。结果表明：在抗干扰性能上,伪随机序列信号和Walsh信号最好,Chirp信号次之,单频信号最差;在复杂度方面,Chirp最复杂,伪随机序列和Walsh序列次之,单频方式最简单;在估计精度方面,三者的估计精度相当;在捕获性能方面,Walsh信号的捕获性能明显优于m序列,而且当两个标校站的接收信号功率之间存在较大差异时,Walsh信号的捕获性能明显优于m序列。因此标校系统可优先选择Walsh码作为标校信号。     

多路传感器系统的软件补偿和校准技术的研究

分析了多路传感器系统的软件补偿和校准技术的发展趋势,并根据国内测试校准压力传感器的要求,对自补偿和自校准技术加以研究,同时提出了适合应用的解决方案。     

最小二乘独立线性度的测量不确定度

介绍了用最小二乘法评价线性测量系统线性度指标时，测量结果的不确定分析和评价过程，讨论了影响评价结果不确定度的几个主要误差来源，给出了减小线性度指标评价不确定度的主要措施：（1）环境控制措施，以减少环境带来的不确定度；（2）选取高精度信号，以减少信号源带来的不确定度。通过实例，给出了线性度指标不确定度分析和评价结果。本文方法及结论可应在于讲理标准进行性度指标的不确定分析上，也可用于估计线性度指标本身的不确定度。     

方波幅度的测量不确定度

介绍了用众数法评价方波幅度时的不确定度分析和评价过程；讨论了主要的不确定度来源，包括众数判别区间的影响、波形测量系统幅度测量误差的影响等等；给出了减小不确定度的主要措施，并结合一个实例，给出了方波幅度的不确定度评价结果。     

LES of film cooling for different jet fluids

The present paper investigates the impact of the velocity and density ratio on the turbulent mixing process in gas turbine blade film cooling.A cooling fluid is injected from an inclined pipe at α=30° into a turbulent boundary layer profile at a freestream Reynolds number of Re∞=400000.This jet-in-a-crossflow(JICF) problem is investigated using large-eddy simulations(LES).The governing equations comprise the Navier-Stokes equations plus additional transport equations for several species to simulate a non-reacting gas mixture.A variation of the density ratio is simulated by the heat-mass transfer analogy,i.e.,gases of different density are effused into an an air crossflow at a constant temperature.An efficient large-eddy simulation method for low subsonic flows based on an implicit dual time-stepping scheme combined with low Mach number preconditioning is applied.The numerical results and experimental velocity data measured using two-component particle-image velocimetry (PIV) are in excellent agreement.The results show the dynamics of the flow field in the vicinity of the jet hole,i.e.,the recirculation region and the inclination of the shear layers,to be mainly determined by the velocity ratio.However,evaluating the cooling efficiency downstream of the jet hole the mass flux ratio proves to be the dominant similarity parameter,i.e.,the density ratio between the fluids and the velocity ratio have to be considered.      

Non-destructive Evaluation of Composite Pressure Vessel by Using FBG Sensors

In recent years, advanced composite structures are used extensively in many industries such as aerospace, aircraft, automobile, pipeline and civil engineering. Reliability and safety are crucial requirements posed by them to the advanced composite structures be- cause of their harsh working conditions. Therefore, as a very important measure, structural health monitoring (SHM) in-service is defi- nitely demanded for ensuring their safe working in-situ. In this paper, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are surface-mounted on the hoop and in the axial directions of a FRP pressure vessel to monitor the strain status during its pressurization. The experimental results show that the FBG sensors could be used to monitor the strain development and determine the ultimate failure strain of the composite pressure vessel.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.